Form 10-K
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

Form 10-K

 

 

 

x

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010

OR

 

¨

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             

Commission file number: 000-51757

 

 

REGENCY ENERGY PARTNERS LP

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware    16-1731691

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

  

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

2001 Bryan Street

Suite 3700, Dallas, Texas

   75201
(Address of principal executive offices)    (Zip Code)

(214) 750-1771

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report): None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

                                   Title of Each Class                            

 

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

Common Units of Limited Partner Interests   The Nasdaq Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

 

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T(§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such file).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and small reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.    x  Large accelerated filer    ¨  Accelerated filer ¨  Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)  ¨  Smaller reporting company

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

As of June 30, 2010, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common units held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $2,255,285,940 based on the closing sale price on such date as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

There were 137,295,308 common units outstanding as of February 10, 2011.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

None

 

 

 


Table of Contents

REGENCY ENERGY PARTNERS LP

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2010

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          PAGE  
  

Introductory Statement

  
  

Cautionary Statement about Forward-Looking Statements

  

Item 1

  

Business

     1   

Item 1A

  

Risk Factors

     19   

Item 1B

  

Unresolved Staff Comments

     42   

Item 2

  

Properties

     42   

Item 3

  

Legal Proceedings

     42   

Item 4

  

(Removed and Reserved)

     43   

Item 5

  

Market of Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Unitholders Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

     44   

Item 6

  

Selected Financial Data

     46   

Item 7

  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

     52   

Item 7A

  

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk

     76   

Item 8

  

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

     78   

Item 9

  

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

     78   

Item 9A

  

Controls and Procedures

     78   

Item 9B

  

Other Information

     79   

Item 10

  

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

     80   

Item 11

  

Executive Compensation

     84   

Item 12

  

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Unitholder Matters

     108   

Item 13

  

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

     110   

Item 14

  

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

     111   

Item 15

  

Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules

     113   


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Introductory Statement

References in this report to the “Partnership,” “we,” “our,” “us” and similar terms, when used in an historical context, refer to Regency Energy Partners LP and its subsidiaries. When used in the present tense or prospectively, these terms refer to the Partnership and its subsidiaries. We use the following definitions in this annual report on Form 10-K:

 

Name

  

Definition or Description

Alinda Investors

  

Alinda Gas Pipelines I, L.P. and Alinda Gas Pipelines II, L.P.

ACESA

  

The American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009

ASC

  

ASC Hugoton LLC

Bbls/d

  

Barrels per day

Bcf/d

  

One billion cubic feet per day

BTU

  

A unit of energy needed to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit

CDM

  

CDM Resource Management LLC

CERCLA

  

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act

CFTC

  

Commodity Futures Trading Commission

DHS

  

Department of Homeland Security

DOT

  

U.S. Department of Transportation

EFS Haynesville

  

EFS Haynesville, LLC, a 100 percent owned subsidiary of GECC

EIA

  

Energy Information Administration

EnergyOne

  

FrontStreet EnergyOne LLC

El Paso

  

El Paso Field Services, LP

EPA

  

Environmental Protection Agency

ETE

  

Energy Transfer Equity, L.P.

ETE GP

  

ETE GP Acquirer LLC

ETP

  

Energy Transfer Partners, L.P.

FASB

  

Financial Accounting Standards Board

FASB ASC

  

FASB Accounting Standards Codification

FERC

  

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

Finance Corp.

  

Regency Energy Finance Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Partnership

FrontStreet

  

FrontStreet Hugoton LLC

GAAP

  

Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America

GE

  

General Electric Company

GE EFS

  

General Electric Energy Financial Services, a unit of GECC, combined with Regency GP Acquirer LP and Regency LP

GECC

  

General Electric Capital Corporation, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of GE

General Partner

  

Regency GP LP, the general partner of the Partnership, or Regency GP LLC, the general partner of Regency GP LP, which effectively manages the business and affairs of the Partnership through Regency Employees Management LLC

GPM

  

Gallons per minute

GP Seller

  

Regency GP Acquirer, L.P.

Gulf States

  

Gulf States Transmission LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Partnership

HLPSA

  

Hazardous Liquid Pipeline Safety Act

HM Capital

  

HM Capital Partners LLC

HPC

  

RIGS Haynesville Partnership Co., a general partnership, and its 100 percent owned subsidiary, Regency Intrastate Gas LP

ICA

  

Interstate Commerce Act

IDRs

  

Incentive Distribution Rights

IPO

  

Initial Public Offering of Securities

IRS

  

Internal Revenue Service

ISDA

  

International Swap Dealers Association

KMP

  

Kinder Morgan Energy Partners, L.P.


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Name

  

Definition or Description

LIBOR

  

London Interbank Offered Rate

LTIP

  

Long-Term Incentive Plan

MEP

  

Midcontinent Express Pipeline LLC

MLP

  

Master Limited Partnership

MMbtu

  

One million BTUs

MMbtu/d

  

One million BTUs per day

MMcf

  

One million cubic feet

MMcf/d

  

One million cubic feet per day

MQD

  

Minimum Quarterly Distribution

Nasdaq

  

Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC

Nexus

  

Nexus Gas Holdings, LLC

NGA

  

Natural Gas Act of 1938

NGLs

  

Natural gas liquids, including ethane, propane, normal butane, iso butane and natural gasoline

NGPA

  

Natural Gas Policy Act of 1978

NGPSA

  

Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Act of 1968, as amended

NPDES

  

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

NYMEX

  

New York Mercantile Exchange

OSHA

  

Occupational Safety and Health Act

Partnership

  

Regency Energy Partners LP

PTO

  

Paid time off

Pueblo

  

Pueblo Midstream Gas Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Partnership

RCRA

  

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

Regency HIG

  

Regency Haynesville Intrastate Gas LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Partnership

Regency Midcon

  

Regency Midcontinent Express LLC, a 100 percent owned subsidiary of the Partnership

RFS

  

Regency Field Services LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Partnership

RGS

  

Regency Gas Services LP, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Partnership

RIG

  

Regency Intrastate Gas LP

RIGS

  

Regency Intrastate Gas System

SCADA

  

System Control and Data Acquisition

SEC

  

Securities and Exchange Commission

Series A Preferred Units

  

Series A convertible redeemable preferred units

Services Co.

  

ETE Services Company, LLC

TCEQ

  

Texas Commission on Environmental Quality

Tcf

  

One trillion cubic feet

Tcf/d

  

One trillion cubic feet per day

TRRC

  

Texas Railroad Commission

WTI

  

West Texas Intermediate Crude

Zephyr

  

Zephyr Gas Services, LP, or Zephyr Gas Services LLC after September 1, 2010

Cautionary Statement about Forward-Looking Statements

Certain matters discussed in this report include “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements are identified as any statement that does not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Statements using words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “project,” “plan,” “expect,” “continue,” “estimate,” “goal,” “forecast,” “may” or similar expressions help identify forward-looking statements. Although we believe our forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions and current expectations and projections about future events, we cannot give


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assurances that such expectations will prove to be correct. Forward-looking statements are subject to a variety of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including without limitation the following:

 

 

 

volatility in the price of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids;

 

 

 

declines in the credit markets and the availability of credit for us as well as for producers connected to our pipelines and our gathering and processing facilities, and for our customers of our contract compression and contract treating businesses;

 

 

 

the level of creditworthiness of, and performance by, our counterparties and customers;

 

 

 

our access to capital to fund organic growth projects and acquisitions, and our ability to obtain debt or equity financing on satisfactory terms;

 

 

 

our use of derivative financial instruments to hedge commodity and interest rate risks;

 

 

 

the amount of collateral required to be posted from time-to-time in our transactions;

 

 

 

changes in commodity prices, interest rates and demand for our services;

 

 

 

changes in laws and regulations impacting the midstream sector of the natural gas industry, including those that relate to climate change and environmental protection;

 

 

 

weather and other natural phenomena;

 

 

 

industry changes including the impact of consolidations and changes in competition;

 

 

 

regulation of transportation rates on our natural gas pipelines;

 

 

 

our ability to obtain required approvals for construction or modernization of our facilities and the timing of production from such facilities; and

 

 

 

the effect of accounting pronouncements issued periodically by accounting standard setting boards.

If one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or if underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated, estimated, projected or expected.

Other factors that could cause our actual results to differ from our projected results are discussed in Item 1A of this annual report.

Each forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date of the particular statement and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.


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Item 1. Business

OVERVIEW

We are a growth-oriented publicly-traded Delaware limited partnership formed in 2005 engaged in the gathering, treating, processing, compression and transportation of natural gas and NGLs. We focus on providing midstream services in some of the most prolific natural gas producing regions in the United States, including the Haynesville, Eagle Ford, Barnett, Fayetteville and Marcellus shales as well as the Permian Delaware basin. Our assets are primarily located in Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Alabama and the mid- continent region of the United States, which includes Kansas, Colorado and Oklahoma.

We divide our operations into five business segments:

 

 

 

Gathering and Processing. We provide “wellhead-to-market” services to producers of natural gas, which include transporting raw natural gas from the wellhead through gathering systems, processing raw natural gas to separate NGLs and selling or delivering the pipeline-quality natural gas and NGLs to various markets and pipeline systems.

 

 

 

Transportation. We own a 49.99 percent general partner interest in HPC, which owns RIGS, a pipeline that delivers natural gas from northwest Louisiana to downstream pipelines and markets through the 450-mile intrastate natural gas pipeline. We also own a 49.9 percent interest in MEP, which owns an interstate natural gas pipeline with approximately 500 miles stretching from southeast Oklahoma through northeast Texas, northern Louisiana and central Mississippi to an interconnect with the Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line system in Butler, Alabama.

 

 

 

Contract Compression. We own and operate a fleet of compressors used to provide turn-key natural gas compression services for customer specific systems.

 

 

 

Contract Treating. We own and operate a fleet of equipment used to provide treating services, such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide removal, natural gas cooling, dehydration and BTU management, to natural gas producers and midstream pipeline companies.

 

 

 

Corporate and Others. Our Corporate and Others segment comprises a small regulated pipeline and our corporate offices.

See Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements for additional financial information about our segments.

 

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The following map depicts the geographic areas of our operations.

LOGO

 

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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

The chart below depicts our organizational and ownership structure as of December 31, 2010.

LOGO

INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

General. The midstream natural gas industry is the link between exploration and production of raw natural gas and the delivery of its components to end-user markets. It consists of natural gas gathering, compression, dehydration, processing, amine treating, fractionation and transportation. Raw natural gas produced from the wellhead is gathered and often delivered to a plant located near the production, where it is treated, dehydrated and/or processed. Natural gas processing involves the separation of raw natural gas into pipeline quality natural gas, principally methane and mixed NGLs. Natural gas treating entails the removal of impurities, such as water, sulfur compounds, carbon dioxide and nitrogen. Pipeline-quality natural gas is delivered by interstate and intrastate pipelines to markets. Mixed NGLs are typically transported via NGL pipelines or by truck to

 

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fractionators, which separate the NGLs into their components, such as ethane, propane, normal butane, isobutane and natural gasoline. The NGL components are then sold to end users.

Natural Gas Gathering. A gathering system typically consists of a network of small diameter pipelines and, if necessary, a compression system which together collects natural gas from points near producing wells and transports it to processing or treating plants or larger diameter pipelines for further transportation.

Compression. Ideally-designed gathering systems are operated at pressures that maximize the total throughput volumes from all connected wells. Natural gas compression is a mechanical process in which a volume of gas at a lower pressure is boosted, or compressed, to a desired higher pressure, allowing the gas to flow into a higher pressure downstream pipeline to be transported to market. Since natural gas wells produce gas at progressively lower field pressures as they age, this raw natural gas must be compressed to deliver the remaining production at higher pressures in the existing connected gathering system. This field compression is typically used to lower the suction (entry) pressure, while maintaining or increasing the discharge (exit) pressure to the gathering system which allows the well production to flow at a lower receipt pressure while providing sufficient pressure to deliver gas into a higher pressure downstream pipeline.

Dehydration. Dehydration removes water from the natural gas stream, which can form ice when combined with natural gas and cause corrosion when combined with carbon dioxide or hydrogen sulfide.

Processing. Natural gas processing involves the separation of natural gas into pipeline quality natural gas and a mixed NGL stream. The principal component of natural gas is methane, but most natural gas also contains varying amounts of heavier hydrocarbon components, or NGLs. Natural gas is described as lean or rich depending on its content of NGLs. Most natural gas produced by a well is not suitable for long-haul pipeline transportation or commercial use because it contains NGLs and impurities. Removal and separation of individual hydrocarbons by processing is possible because of differences in weight, boiling point, vapor pressure and other physical characteristics.

Amine Treating. The amine treating process involves a continuous circulation of a liquid chemical called amine that physically contacts with the natural gas. Amine has a chemical affinity for hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide that allows it to absorb these impurities from the gas. After mixing in the contact vessel, the gas and amine are separated, and the impurities are removed from the amine by heating. The treating plants are sized according to the amine circulation rate in terms of GPM.

Fractionation. NGL fractionation facilities separate mixed NGL streams into discrete NGL products: ethane, propane, normal butane, isobutane and natural gasoline. Ethane is primarily used in the petrochemical industry as feedstock for ethylene, one of the basic building blocks for a wide range of plastics and other chemical products. Propane is used both as a petrochemical feedstock in the production of propylene and as a heating fuel, an engine fuel and an industrial fuel. Normal butane is used as a petrochemical feedstock in the production of butadiene (a key ingredient in synthetic rubber) and as a blend stock for motor gasoline. Isobutane is typically fractionated from mixed butane (a stream of normal butane and isobutane in solution), principally for use in enhancing the octane content of motor gasoline. Natural gasoline, a mixture of pentanes and heavier hydrocarbons, is used primarily as motor gasoline blend stock or petrochemical feedstock. We do not own or operate any NGL fractionation facilities.

Transportation. Natural gas transportation consists of moving pipeline-quality natural gas from gathering systems, processing or treating plants and other pipelines and delivering it to wholesalers, end users, local distribution companies and other pipelines.

INDUSTRY OUTLOOK

See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—General Trends and Outlook”.

 

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GATHERING AND PROCESSING OPERATIONS

General. We operate gathering and processing assets in four geographic regions of the United States: north Louisiana, the mid-continent region of the United States, south Texas and west Texas. We contract with producers to gather raw natural gas from individual wells or central receipt points, which may have multiple wells behind them, located near our processing plants, treating facilities and/or gathering systems. Following the execution of a contract, we connect wells and central delivery points to our gathering lines through which the raw natural gas flows to a processing plant, treating facility or directly to interstate or intrastate gas transportation pipelines. At our processing plants and treating facilities, we remove impurities from the raw natural gas stream and extract the NGLs. We also perform a producer service function, whereby we purchase natural gas from producers at gathering systems and plants and sell this gas at downstream outlets.

All raw natural gas flowing through our gathering and processing facilities is supplied under gathering and processing contracts having terms ranging from month-to-month to the life of the oil and gas lease. For a description of our contracts, please read “—Our Contracts” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Our Operations.”

The pipeline-quality natural gas remaining after separation of NGLs through processing is either returned to the producer or sold, for our own account or for the account of the producer, at the tailgates of our processing plants for delivery to interstate or intrastate gas transportation pipelines.

The following table sets forth information regarding our gathering systems and processing plants as of December 31, 2010.

 

Region

   Pipeline
Length
(Miles)
     Plants      Compression
(Horsepower)
 

North Louisiana

     442         4         55,489   

South Texas

     541         2         48,132   

West Texas

     806         1         48,574   

Mid-Continent

     3,470         1         40,576   
                          

Total

     5,259         8         192,771   
                          

North Louisiana Region. Our north Louisiana assets gather, compress, treat and dehydrate natural gas in five Parishes (Claiborne, Union, DeSoto, Lincoln and Ouachita) of north Louisiana and Shelby County, Texas. Our assets also include two cryogenic natural gas processing facilities, a refrigeration plant located in Bossier Parish and a conditioning plant located in Webster Parish.

Through the gathering and processing systems described above and their interconnections with HPC’s pipeline system in north Louisiana described in “—Transportation Operations,” we offer producers wellhead-to-market services, including natural gas gathering, compression, processing, treating and transportation.

South Texas Region. Our south Texas assets gather, compress, treat and dehydrate natural gas in LaSalle, Webb, Karnes, Atascosa, McMullen, Frio and Dimmitt counties. Some of the natural gas produced in this region can have significant quantities of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide that require treating to remove these impurities. The pipeline systems that gather this gas are connected to third-party processing plants and our treating facilities that include an acid gas reinjection well located in McMullen County, Texas.

The natural gas supply for our south Texas gathering systems is derived primarily from natural gas wells located in a mature basin that generally have long lives and predictable gas flow rates. The emerging Eagle Ford shale formation lies directly under our existing south Texas gathering system infrastructure.

 

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One of our treating plants consists of inlet gas compression, a 60 MMcf/d amine treating unit, a 55 MMcf/d amine treating unit and a 40 ton (per day) liquid sulfur recovery unit. This plant removes hydrogen sulfide from the natural gas stream, recovers condensate, delivers pipeline quality gas at the plant outlet and reinjects acid gas. An additional 55 MMcf/d amine treating unit is currently inactive.

We own a 60 percent interest in a joint venture that includes a treating plant in Atascosa County with a 500 GPM amine treater, pipeline interconnect facilities and approximately 13 miles of ten inch diameter pipeline. We operate this plant and the pipeline for the joint venture while our joint venture partner operates a lean gas gathering system in the Edwards Lime natural gas trend that delivers to this system.

West Texas Region. Our west Texas gathering system assets offer wellhead-to-market services to producers in Ward, Winkler, Reeves, and Pecos counties which surround the Waha Hub, one of Texas’ major natural gas market areas. As a result of the proximity of our system to the Waha Hub, the Waha gathering system has a variety of market outlets for the natural gas that we gather and process, including several major interstate and intrastate pipelines serving California, the mid-continent region of the United States and Texas natural gas markets. Natural gas exploration and production drilling in this area has primarily targeted productive zones in the Permian Delaware basin and Devonian basin. These basins are mature basins with wells that generally have long lives and predictable flow rates.

We offer producers four different levels of natural gas compression on the Waha gathering system, as compared to the two levels typically offered in the industry. By offering multiple levels of compression, our gathering system is often more cost-effective for our producers, since the producer is typically not required to pay for a level of compression that is higher than the level they require.

The Waha processing plant is a cryogenic natural gas processing plant that processes raw natural gas gathered in the Waha gathering system. This plant was constructed in 1965, and, due to recent upgrades to state-of-the-art cryogenic processing capabilities, is a highly efficient natural gas processing plant. The Waha processing plant also includes an amine treating facility, which removes carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from raw natural gas gathered before moving the natural gas to the processing plant. The acid gas is injected underground.

Mid-Continent Region. Our mid-continent region includes natural gas gathering systems located primarily in Kansas and Oklahoma. Our mid-continent gathering assets are extensive systems that gather, compress and dehydrate low-pressure gas from approximately 1,500 wells. These systems are geographically concentrated, with each central facility located within 90 miles of the others. We operate our mid-continent gathering systems at low pressures to maximize the total throughput volumes from the connected wells. Wellhead pressures are therefore adequate to allow for flow of natural gas into the gathering lines without the cost of wellhead compression.

We also own the Hugoton gathering system that has approximately 1,875 miles of pipeline extending over nine counties in Kansas and Oklahoma. This system is operated by a third party.

Our mid-continent systems are located in two of the largest and most prolific natural gas producing regions in the United States, the Hugoton Basin in southwest Kansas and the Anadarko Basin in western Oklahoma. These mature basins have continued to provide generally long-lived, predictable production volume.

TRANSPORTATION OPERATIONS

We own a 49.99 percent general partner interest in HPC, which owns RIGS, a pipeline that delivers natural gas from northwest Louisiana to downstream pipelines and markets through the 450-mile intrastate natural gas pipeline. We also own a 49.9 percent interest in MEP, a joint venture entity operated by an affiliate of KMP and owning an interstate natural gas pipeline with approximately 500 miles stretching from southeast Oklahoma through northeast Texas, northern Louisiana and central Mississippi to an interconnect with the Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line system in Butler, Alabama.

 

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CONTRACT COMPRESSION OPERATIONS

The natural gas contract compression segment services include designing, sourcing, owning, insuring, installing, operating, servicing, repairing and maintaining compressors and related equipment for which we guarantee our customers 98 percent mechanical availability for land installations and 96 percent mechanical availability for over-water installations. We focus on meeting the complex requirements of field-wide compression applications, as opposed to targeting the compression needs of individual wells within a field. These field-wide applications include compression for natural gas gathering, natural gas lift for crude oil production and natural gas processing. We believe that we improve the stability of our cash flow by focusing on field-wide compression applications because such applications generally involve long-term installations of multiple large horsepower compression units. Our contract compression operations are primarily located in Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas and Pennsylvania.

CONTRACT TREATING OPERATIONS

We own and operate a fleet of equipment used to provide treating services, such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide removal, natural gas cooling, dehydration and BTU management, to natural gas producers and midstream pipeline companies. Our contract treating operations are primarily located in Texas, Louisiana and Arkansas.

CORPORATE AND OTHERS OPERATIONS

Our Corporate and Others segment comprises a small interstate natural gas pipeline and our corporate offices. The interstate natural gas pipeline consists of 10 miles of pipeline that extends from Harrison County, Texas to Caddo Parish, Louisiana.

OUR CONTRACTS

The table below provides the margin by contract types in percentages for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009.

 

Margin by Product

   2010     2009  

Net Fee

         76         73

NGLs

     13        18   

Gas

     5        4   

Condensate

     6        5   
                

Total

     100     100
                

Gathering and Processing Contracts. We contract with producers to gather raw natural gas from individual wells or central receipt points located near our gathering systems and processing plants. Following the execution of a contract with the producer, we connect the producer’s wells or central receipt points to our gathering lines through which the natural gas is delivered to a processing plant owned and operated by us or a third party. We obtain supplies of raw natural gas for our gathering and processing facilities under contracts having terms ranging from month-to-month to life of the lease. We categorize our processing contracts in increasing order of commodity price risk as fee-based, percentage-of-proceeds or keep-whole contracts. The following is a summary of our most common contractual arrangements:

 

 

 

Fee-Based Arrangements. Under these arrangements, we are generally paid a fixed cash fee for performing the gathering and processing service. This fee is directly related to the volume of natural gas that flows through our systems and is not directly dependent on commodity prices. A sustained decline in commodity prices, however, could result in a decline in volumes and, thus, a decrease in our fee revenues. These arrangements provide stable cash flows, but minimal, if any, upside in higher commodity price environments.

 

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Percent-of-Proceeds Arrangements. Under these arrangements, we generally gather raw natural gas from producers at the wellhead, transport it through our gathering system, process it and sell the processed gas and NGLs at prices based on published index prices. In this type of arrangement, we retain the sales proceeds less amounts remitted to producers and the retained sales proceeds constitute our margin. These arrangements provide upside in high commodity price environments, but result in lower margins in low commodity price environments. Under these arrangements, our margins typically cannot be negative. The price paid to producers is based on an agreed percentage of one of the following: (1) the actual sale proceeds; (2) the proceeds based on an index price; or (3) the proceeds from the sale of processed gas or NGLs or both. Under this type of arrangement, our margin correlates directly with the prices of natural gas and NGLs (although there is often a fee-based component to these contracts in addition to the commodity sensitive component).

 

 

 

Keep-Whole Arrangements. Under these arrangements, we process raw natural gas to extract NGLs and pay to the producer the full thermal equivalent volume of raw natural gas received from the producer in processed gas or its cash equivalent. We are generally entitled to retain the processed NGLs and to sell them for our account. Accordingly, our margin is a function of the difference between the value of the NGLs produced and the cost of the processed gas used to replace the thermal equivalent value of those NGLs. The profitability of these arrangements is subject not only to the commodity price risk of natural gas and NGLs, but also to the price of natural gas relative to NGL prices. These arrangements can provide large profit margins in favorable commodity price environments, but also can be subject to losses if the cost of natural gas exceeds the value of its thermal equivalent of NGLs. Many of our keep-whole contracts include provisions that reduce our commodity price exposure, including (1) embedded discounts to the applicable natural gas index price under which we may reimburse the producer an amount in cash for the thermal equivalent volume of raw natural gas acquired from the producer, (2) fixed cash fees for ancillary services, such as gathering, treating, and compression, or (3) the ability to bypass processing in unfavorable price environments.

We also perform a producer service function. We purchase natural gas from producers or gas marketers at receipt points or plant tailgates and resell the natural gas to other market participants.

Transportation Contracts. We own a 49.99 percent general partner interest in HPC and a 49.9 percent interest in MEP. Both HPC and MEP, through their respective pipeline systems, provide natural gas transportation services pursuant to contracts with natural gas shippers. These contracts are primarily fee-based.

Compression Contracts. We generally enter into a new contract with respect to each distinct application for which we will provide contract compression services. Our compression contracts typically have an initial term between one and five years, after which the contract continues on a month-to-month basis until renewal or cancellation. Our customers generally pay a fixed monthly fee, or, in rare cases, a fee based on the volume of natural gas actually compressed. We are not responsible for acts of force majeure and our customers are generally required to pay our monthly fee for fixed fee contracts, or a minimum fee for throughput contracts, even during periods of limited or disrupted production. We are generally responsible for the costs and expenses associated with operation and maintenance of our compression equipment, such as providing necessary lubricants, although certain fees and expenses are the responsibility of the customers under the terms of their contracts. For example, all fuel gas is provided by our customers without cost to us, and in many cases customers are required to provide all water and electricity. We are also reimbursed by our customers for certain ancillary expenses such as trucking, crane and installation labor costs, depending on the terms agreed to in a particular contract.

Treating Contracts. Our treating contracts are application specific, having an initial term between one and three years, after which the contract continues on a month-to-month basis. Our customers generally pay a fixed monthly fee that not only includes the amine plant, but may also include additional equipment as required by the application. We are not responsible for acts of force majeure and our customers are generally required to pay our

 

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monthly fee even during periods of limited or disrupted production. We are generally responsible for the costs and expenses associated with the operation and maintenance of our treating equipment, such as providing the necessary makeup fluids, filters and charcoal. However, our customers are typically responsible for all fuel, gas and electricity without cost to us. Our fees include costs for all mobilization, installation, commissioning and startup.

COMPETITION

Gathering and Processing. We face strong competition in each region in acquiring new gas supplies. Our competitors in acquiring new gas supplies and in processing new natural gas supplies include major integrated oil companies, major interstate and intrastate pipelines and other natural gas gatherers that gather, process and market natural gas. Competition for natural gas supplies is primarily based on the reputation, efficiency and reliability of the gatherer and the pricing arrangements offered by the gatherer.

Many of our competitors have capital resources and control supplies of natural gas substantially greater than ours. Our major competitors for gathering and related services in each region include:

 

 

 

North Louisiana: CenterPoint Energy Field Services and DCP Midstream’s PELICO Pipeline, LLC (Pelico), ETP and Enbridge Inc.;

 

 

 

South Texas: Enterprise Products Partners LP and DCP Midstream Partners, L.P, KMP, ETP and Copano Energy, L.L.C;

 

 

 

West Texas: Southern Union Gas Services and Enterprise Products Partners LP and Targa Resources Partners L.P.; and

 

 

 

Mid-Continent: DCP Midstream Partners, L.P., ONEOK Energy Marketing and Trading, L.P. and Penn Virginia Corporation.

Transportation. Competitors in natural gas transportation differentiate themselves by price of transportation, the nature of the markets accessible from a transportation pipeline and the type of service provided. HPC’s major competitors in the natural gas transportation business are DCP Midstream Partners, L.P., CenterPoint Energy Transmission, Gulf South Pipeline, L.P., Texas Gas Transmission, LLC and new entrants in north Louisiana such as ETP and Enterprise Products Partners LP.

We also own a 49.9 percent interest in MEP, which owns the approximate 500-mile Midcontinent Express natural gas pipeline system, and we account for our investment under the equity method of accounting. An affiliate of KMP owns a 50 percent interest in MEP and acts as the operator of MEP. Capacity on the MEP pipeline system is 99 percent contracted under long-term firm service agreements. The majority of volume is contracted to producers moving supply from the Barnett shale and Oklahoma supply basins. These agreements provide the pipeline with fixed monthly reservation revenues for the primary term of such contracts. Although there are other pipeline competitors providing transportation from these supply basins, the MEP pipeline system was designed and constructed to realize economies of scale and offers its shippers competitive fuel rates and variable costs to transport gas supplies from these midcontinent supply areas to pipelines serving Eastern markets. Competitors to MEP include Gulf Crossing Pipeline, Centerpoint Energy Gas Transmission and Natural Gas Pipeline Co. of America.

Contract Compression. We believe that the superior mechanical availability of our standardized compressor fleet is the primary basis on which we compete and a significant distinguishing factor from our competition. All of our competitors attempt to compete on the basis of price. We believe our pricing has proven competitive because of the superior mechanical availability we deliver, the quality of our compression units, as well as the technical expertise we provide to our customers. We believe our focus on addressing customers’ more complex natural gas compression needs related primarily to field-wide compression applications differentiates us from many of our competitors who target smaller horsepower projects related to individual wellhead applications. The

 

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natural gas contract compression services business is highly competitive. We face competition from large national and multinational companies with greater financial resources and, on a regional basis, from numerous smaller companies. Our main competitors in the natural gas contract compression business, based on horsepower, are Exterran Holdings, Inc., Compressor Systems, Inc., USA Compression, Valerus Compression Services LP, and J-W Operating Company.

Contract Treating. The natural gas treating business is highly competitive. We face competition from large national and multinational companies with greater financial resources and, on a regional basis, from numerous smaller companies. Our main competitors in the natural gas treating business are Kinder Morgan Treating LP, Valerus Compression Services LP, TransTex Gas Services, LP, Cardinal Midstream LLC, SouthTex Treaters, Interstate Treating Inc., Exterran Holdings, Inc. and Thomas Russell Co.

RISK MANAGEMENT

To manage commodity price and interest rate risks, we have implemented a risk management program under which we seek to:

 

 

 

match sales prices of commodities (especially natural gas liquids) with purchases under our contracts;

 

 

 

manage our portfolio of contracts to reduce commodity price risk;

 

 

 

optimize our portfolio by active monitoring of basis, swing, and fractionation spread exposure; and

 

 

 

hedge a portion of our exposure to commodity prices.

As a result of our gathering and processing contract portfolio, we derive a portion of our earnings from a long position in NGLs, natural gas and condensate, resulting from the purchase of natural gas for our account or from the payment of processing charges in kind. This long position is exposed to commodity price fluctuations in both the NGL and natural gas markets. Operationally, we mitigate this price risk by generally purchasing natural gas and NGLs at prices derived from published indices, rather than at a contractually fixed price and by selling natural gas and natural gas liquids under similar pricing mechanisms. In addition, we optimize the operations of our processing facilities on a daily basis, for example by rejecting ethane in processing when recovery of ethane as an NGL is uneconomical. We also hedge this commodity price risk by entering into a series of swap contracts for individual NGLs, natural gas and WTI. Our hedging position and needs to supplement or modify our position are closely monitored by the Risk Management Committee of the Board of Directors. Please read “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” for information regarding the status of these contracts. As a matter of policy, we do not acquire forward contracts or derivative products for the purpose of speculating on price changes.

Neither our contract compression business nor our contract treating business has direct exposure to natural gas commodity price risk because we do not take title to the natural gas we compress or treat and because the natural gas we use as fuel for our compressors is supplied by our customers or treating units without cost to us.

REGULATION

Industry Regulation

Intrastate Natural Gas Pipeline Regulation. HPC owns RIGS, an intrastate pipeline regulated by the Louisiana Department of Natural Resources, Office of Conservation (DNR). The DNR is generally responsible for regulating intrastate pipelines and gathering facilities in Louisiana and has authority to review and authorize natural gas transportation transactions and the construction, acquisition, abandonment and interconnection of physical facilities. RIGS transports interstate natural gas in Louisiana for many of its shippers pursuant to Section 311 of the NGPA. To the extent that RIGS transports natural gas in interstate service, its rates, terms and conditions of service are subject to the jurisdiction of FERC, including its non-discrimination requirements.

 

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Under Section 311, rates charged for transportation must be fair and equitable, and amounts collected in excess of such fair and equitable rates are subject to refund with interest. NGPA Section 311 rates deemed fair and equitable by FERC are generally analogous to the cost-based rates that FERC deems “just and reasonable” for interstate pipelines under the NGA. FERC has substantial enforcement authority to impose administrative, civil and criminal penalties, and to order the disgorgement of unjust profits for non-compliance.

In January 2010, RIG filed a petition with FERC to increase its maximum rates for Section 311 transportation services to recover the costs of operating RIGS, including HPC’s expansion projects. On June 24, 2010, FERC approved a settlement establishing RIGS’ maximum rates for the period commencing February 1, 2010. Under the settlement, which applies to RIGS’ interstate shippers, RIGS was not required to make any refunds to shippers, and was authorized to implement maximum rates that are higher than RIGS’ previously-effective maximum rates. In addition, RIGS was authorized to increase its maximum fuel retention rates upon the future installation of additional compression on RIGS. Consistent with FERC policy, RIGS is required to justify its current rates or propose new rates every five years, which must be done next on or before February 1, 2015.

On December 16, 2010, FERC issued its Order on Rehearing of Order No. 735. Order No. 735, which was initially issued on July 21, 2010, revises the contract reporting requirements for intrastate natural gas pipelines that provide interstate transportation services pursuant to Section 311 of the NGPA. The new reporting requirements, which were effective January 1, 2011, require the public disclosure of the primary commercial terms of HPC’s contracts, including shipper name, contract length, rates charged and points of receipt and delivery. Such regulations increase administration costs for HPC and require the public disclosure of commercial information that was previously not public for intrastate pipelines. Since the new regulations are required of all intrastate pipelines providing Section 311 service, including our competitors, we do not believe the new regulations place RIGS at a disadvantage vis-à-vis its competitors.

FERC is continually proposing and implementing new rules and regulations affecting Section 311 transportation. Newly adopted transparency regulations require certain major non-interstate pipelines, including gathering pipelines, to post on their internet websites receipt and delivery point capacities and scheduled flow information on a daily basis. These regulations are intended to increase the transparency of wholesale energy markets, to protect the integrity of such markets, and to improve FERC’s ability to assess market forces and detect market manipulation. Although these regulations are currently subject to petitions for review before the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, major non-interstate pipelines were required to comply with these requirements as of October 1, 2010. Currently, these newly adopted regulations apply to RIGS, but they may apply to other Regency facilities if they meet the threshold requirements in the future.

On October 21, 2010, the FERC issued a Notice of Inquiry regarding the applicability of the FERC’s buy-sell rules to intrastate pipelines that provide Section 311 transportation service, including whether the FERC should impose capacity release requirements on such pipelines that offer firm transportation service. FERC’s interstate pipeline rules prohibit shippers on interstate pipelines from buying gas from a party at one point, transporting that gas using its interstate pipeline capacity, and re-selling the same quantity of gas to the same party at a different point (an illegal “buy-sell” transaction). The intrastate pipeline market has not been subject to such rules in the past and the FERC, through the notice of inquiry, has asked market participants to comment on whether the rules should apply to shippers on Section 311 pipelines. The notice of inquiry also asks commenters to indicate whether some form of capacity release requirements should be imposed on intrastate pipelines providing firm Section 311 transportation service. We cannot predict the outcome of this notice of inquiry, but it could lead to a proposed rulemaking that would impose greater regulatory requirements on intrastate pipelines that provide Section 311 services, including RIGS.

Interstate Natural Gas Pipeline Regulation. FERC also has broad regulatory authority over the business and operations of interstate natural gas pipelines. Under the NGA, rates charged for interstate natural gas transmission must be just and reasonable, and amounts collected in excess of just and reasonable rates are subject

 

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to refund with interest. Gulf States holds FERC-approved tariffs setting forth cost-based rates, terms and conditions for services to shippers wishing to take interstate transportation service. We also hold a 49.9 percent interest in MEP, a joint venture entity owning a 500-mile interstate pipeline system (Midcontinent Express Pipeline), which is an NGA-jurisdictional interstate pipeline subject to FERC’s broad regulatory oversight. FERC’s authority extends to:

 

 

 

rates and charges for natural gas transportation and related services;

 

 

 

certification and construction of new facilities;

 

 

 

extension or abandonment of services and facilities;

 

 

 

maintenance of accounts and records;

 

 

 

relationships between the pipeline and its energy affiliates;

 

 

 

terms and conditions of service;

 

 

 

depreciation and amortization policies;

 

 

 

accounting rules for ratemaking purposes;

 

 

 

acquisition and disposition of facilities;

 

 

 

initiation and discontinuation of service;

 

 

 

prevention of market manipulation in connection with interstate sales, purchase or transportation of natural gas; and

 

 

 

information posting requirements.

Rates charged on MEP are largely governed by long-term negotiated rate agreements, an arrangement approved by FERC in its July 25, 2008 order granting MEP the certificate of public convenience and necessity to build, own and operate these facilities. In the certificate order, FERC also approved cost-based recourse rates available to prospective shippers as an alternative to negotiated rates.

Any failure to comply with the laws and regulations governing interstate transmission service could result in the imposition of administrative, civil and criminal penalties.

Gathering Pipeline Regulation. Section 1(b) of the NGA exempts natural gas gathering facilities from the jurisdiction of the FERC under the NGA. We own a number of natural gas pipelines that we believe meet the traditional tests that FERC has used to establish a pipeline’s status as a gatherer not subject to FERC’s interstate pipeline jurisdiction. The distinction between FERC-regulated transmission facilities and federally unregulated gathering facilities is the subject of substantial, on-going litigation, so the classification and regulation of one or more of our gathering systems may be subject to change based on future determinations by FERC, the courts or the U.S. Congress.

With the passage of the Energy Policy Act of 2005, FERC has expanded its oversight to energy market participants, including gathering pipelines, to increase transparency in interstate markets. Newly-adopted transparency regulations require certain non-interstate pipelines, including gathering pipelines, to post on their Internet websites receipt and delivery point capacities and scheduled flow information on a daily basis. Although these regulations are currently subject to petitions for review before the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, these new requirements and future proposed regulations could impose increased costs and administrative burdens on our gathering companies.

State regulation of gathering facilities generally includes various safety, environmental and, in some circumstances, nondiscriminatory take requirements and, in other instances, complaint-based rate regulation. We are subject to state ratable take and common purchaser statutes. The ratable take statutes generally require

 

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gatherers to take, without undue discrimination, natural gas production that may be tendered to the gatherer for handling. Similarly, common purchaser statutes generally require gatherers that purchase gas to purchase without undue discrimination as to source of supply or producer. These statutes are designed to prohibit discrimination in favor of one producer over another or one source of supply over another. These statutes have the effect of restricting our right as an owner of gathering facilities to decide with whom we contract to purchase or gather natural gas.

Natural gas gathering may receive greater regulatory scrutiny at the state level now that the FERC has allowed a number of interstate pipeline transmission companies to transfer formerly jurisdictional assets to gathering companies.

In addition, many of the producing states have adopted some form of complaint-based regulation that generally allows natural gas producers and shippers to file complaints with state regulators in an effort to resolve grievances relating to natural gas gathering access and rate discrimination. Our gathering operations could be adversely affected should they be subject in the future to the application of state or federal regulation of rates and services. Our gathering operations also may be subject to safety and operational regulations relating to the design, installation, testing, construction, operation, replacement and management of gathering facilities. Additional rules, ordinances and legislation pertaining to these matters may be considered or adopted from time to time at either the federal, state or local level. We cannot predict what effect, if any, such changes might have on our operations, but the industry could be required to incur additional capital expenditures and increased costs depending on future legislative and regulatory changes.

Regulation of NGL and Crude Oil Transportation. We have a pipeline in Louisiana that transports NGLs in interstate commerce pursuant to a FERC-approved tariff. Under the ICA, the Energy Policy Act of 1992, and rules and orders promulgated thereunder, the transportation tariff is required to be just and reasonable and not unduly discriminatory or confer any undue preference. FERC has established an indexing system of transportation rates for oil, NGLs and other products that allows for an annual inflation based increase in the cost of transporting these liquids to shipper. Any failure on our part to comply with the laws and regulations governing interstate transmission of NGLs could result in the imposition of administrative, civil and criminal penalties and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Sales of Natural Gas and NGLs. Our ability to sell gas in interstate markets is subject to FERC authority and oversight. The price at which we buy and sell natural gas currently is not subject to federal regulation and, for the most part, is not subject to state regulation. The price at which we sell NGLs is not subject to state or federal regulation. However, with regard to our physical purchases and sales of these energy commodities, our gathering or transportation of these energy commodities, and any related hedging activities that we undertake, we are required to observe anti-market manipulation laws and related regulations enforced by FERC and/or the CFTC.

The prices at which we sell natural gas are affected by many competitive factors, including the availability, terms and cost of pipeline transportation. As noted above, the price and terms of access to pipeline transportation are subject to extensive federal and state regulation. FERC has also imposed new rules requiring wholesale purchasers and sellers of natural gas to report certain aggregated annual volume and other information beginning in 2009.

We also have firm and interruptible transportation contracts with interstate pipelines that are subject to FERC regulation. As a shipper on an interstate pipeline, we are subject to FERC requirements related to use of the interstate capacity. Any failure on our part to comply with the FERC’s regulations or an interstate pipeline’s tariff could result in the imposition of administrative, civil and criminal penalties and the disgorgement of unjust profits.

Sales of Liquids. Sales of crude oil, natural gas, condensate and NGLs are not currently regulated. Prices of these products are set by the market rather than by regulation.

 

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Anti-Market Manipulation Requirements. Under the Energy Policy Act of 2005, FERC possesses regulatory oversight over natural gas markets, including the purchase, sale and transportation activities of non-interstate pipelines and other natural gas market participants. The CFTC also holds authority to monitor certain segments of the physical and futures energy commodities market pursuant to the Commodity Exchange Act. With regard to our physical purchases and sales of natural gas, NGLs and crude oil, our gathering or transportation of these energy commodities, and any related hedging activities that we undertake, we are required to observe these anti- market manipulation laws and related regulations enforced by FERC and/or the CFTC. These agencies hold substantial enforcement authority, including the ability to assess civil penalties of up to $1,000,000 per day per violation, to order disgorgement of profits and to recommend criminal penalties. Should we violate the anti-market manipulation laws and regulations, we could also be subject to related third party damage claims by, or among others, sellers, royalty owners and taxing authorities.

Anti-Terrorism Regulations. We may be subject to future anti-terrorism requirements of the DHS. The DHS has issued its National Infrastructure Protection Plan calling for broadened efforts to “reduce vulnerability, deter threats, and minimize the consequences of attacks and other incidents” as they relate to pipelines, processing facilities and other infrastructure. The precise parameters of DHS regulations and any related sector-specific requirements are not currently known, and there can be no guarantee that any final anti-terrorism rules that might be applicable to our facilities will not impose costs and administrative burdens on our operations.

Local Laws and Regulations. With the rapid expansion of natural gas development in shale plays, local governmental authorities are seeking to impose additional regulatory requirements on natural gas market participants, including producers and pipeline companies, which may result in additional cost burdens and permitting requirements for new and existing facilities.

Environmental Matters

General. Our operation of processing plants, pipelines and associated facilities, including compression, in connection with the gathering and processing of natural gas and the transportation of NGLs is subject to stringent and complex federal, state and local laws and regulations, including those governing, among other things, air emissions, wastewater discharges, the use, management and disposal of hazardous and nonhazardous materials and wastes, and the cleanup of contamination. Noncompliance with such laws and regulations, or incidents resulting in environmental releases, could cause us to incur substantial costs, penalties, fines and other criminal sanctions, third party claims for personal injury or property damage, investments to retrofit or upgrade our facilities and programs, or curtailment of operations. As with the industry generally, compliance with existing and anticipated environmental laws and regulations increases our overall cost of doing business, including our cost of planning, constructing and operating our plants, pipelines and other facilities. Included in our construction and operation costs are capital cost items necessary to maintain or upgrade our equipment and facilities to remain in compliance with environmental laws and regulations.

We have implemented procedures to ensure that all governmental environmental approvals for both existing operations and those under construction are updated as circumstances require. We believe that our operations and facilities are in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations and that the cost of compliance with such laws and regulations will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. We cannot be certain, however, that identification of presently unidentified conditions, more rigorous enforcement by regulatory agencies, enactment of more stringent laws and regulations or other unanticipated events will not arise in the future and give rise to material environmental liabilities that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Hazardous Substances and Waste Materials. To a large extent, the environmental laws and regulations affecting our operations relate to the release of hazardous substances and waste materials into soils, groundwater and surface water and include measures to prevent, minimize or remediate contamination of the environment. These laws and regulations generally regulate the generation, storage, treatment, transportation and disposal of

 

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hazardous substances and waste materials and may require investigatory and remedial actions at sites where such material has been released or disposed. For example, CERCLA, also known as the “Superfund” law, and comparable state laws, impose liability without regard to fault or the legality of the original conduct on certain classes of persons that contributed to a release of a “hazardous substance” into the environment. These persons include the owner and operator of the site where a release occurred and companies that disposed or arranged for the disposal of the hazardous substance that has been released into the environment. Under CERCLA, these persons may be subject to joint and several liability, without regard to fault, for, among other things, the costs of investigating and remediating the hazardous substances that have been released into the environment, for damages to natural resources and for the costs of certain health studies. CERCLA and comparable state law also authorize the federal EPA, its state counterparts, and, in some instances, third parties to take actions in response to threats to the public health or the environment and to seek to recover from the responsible classes of persons the costs they incur. It is not uncommon for neighboring landowners and other third parties to file claims for personal injury and property damage allegedly caused by hazardous substances or other pollutants released into the environment. Although “petroleum” as well as natural gas and NGLs are excluded from CERCLA’s definition of a “hazardous substance,” in the course of our ordinary operations we generate wastes that may fall within that definition, and certain state law analogs to CERCLA, including the Texas Solid Waste Disposal Act, do not contain a similar exclusion for petroleum. We may be responsible under CERCLA or state laws for all or part of the costs required to clean up sites at which such substances or wastes have been disposed. We have not received any notification that we may be potentially responsible for cleanup costs under CERCLA or comparable state laws.

We also generate both hazardous and nonhazardous wastes that are subject to requirements of the federal RCRA, and comparable state statutes. We are not currently required to comply with a substantial portion of the RCRA requirements at many of our facilities because the minimal quantities of hazardous wastes generated there make us subject to less stringent management standards. From time to time, the EPA has considered the adoption of stricter handling, storage and disposal standards for nonhazardous wastes, including crude oil and natural gas wastes. It is possible that some wastes generated by us that are currently classified as nonhazardous may in the future be designated as “hazardous wastes,” resulting in the wastes being subject to more rigorous and costly disposal requirements, or that the full complement of RCRA standards could be applied to facilities that generate lesser amounts of hazardous waste. Changes in applicable regulations may result in a material increase in our capital expenditures or plant operating and maintenance expense.

We currently own or lease sites that have been used over the years by prior owners and by us for natural gas gathering, processing and transportation. Solid waste disposal practices within the midstream gas industry have improved over the years with the passage and implementation of various environmental laws and regulations. Nevertheless, some hydrocarbons and wastes have been disposed of or released on or under various sites during the operating history of those facilities that are now owned or leased by us. Notwithstanding the possibility that these dispositions may have occurred during the ownership of these assets by others, these sites may be subject to CERCLA, RCRA and comparable state laws. Under these laws, we could be required to remove or remediate previously disposed wastes (including wastes disposed of or released by prior owners or operators) or contamination (including soil and groundwater contamination) or to prevent the migration of contamination.

Air Emissions. Our operations are subject to the federal Clean Air Act and comparable state laws and regulations. These laws and regulations regulate emissions of air pollutants from various industrial sources, including our processing plants, and also impose various monitoring and reporting requirements. Such laws and regulations may require that we obtain pre-approval for the construction or modification of certain projects or facilities, such as our processing plants and compression facilities, expected to produce air emissions or to result in the increase of existing air emissions, that we obtain and strictly comply with air permits containing various emissions and operational limitations, or that we utilize specific emission control technologies to limit emissions. We will be required to incur certain capital expenditures in the future for air pollution control equipment in connection with obtaining and maintaining operating permits and approvals for air emissions. In addition, our processing plants, pipelines and compression facilities are subject to increasingly stringent regulations, including

 

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regulations that require the installation of control technology or the implementation of work practices to control hazardous air pollutants. Moreover, the Clean Air Act requires an operating permit for major sources of emissions and this requirement applies to some of our facilities. We believe that our operations are in substantial compliance with the federal Clean Air Act and comparable state laws.

On October 20, 2010, the EPA adopted new national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants for existing stationary spark ignition reciprocating internal combustion engines that are either located at area sources of hazardous air pollutant emissions or that have a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake horsepower and are located at major sources of hazardous air pollutant emissions. All engines subject to these “Quad Z” regulations are required to comply by October 19, 2013. Many of our facilities, including our leased compressors are impacted by these new rules. We will incur increased costs resulting from the replacement of existing equipment to bring engines into compliance with the new emission requirements. Petitions have been filed in the court of appeals for review and reconsideration of the new rules, but we cannot predict the outcome of those proceedings.

Clean Water Act. The Clean Water Act and comparable state laws impose restrictions and strict controls regarding the discharge of pollutants, including NGL-related wastes, into waters of the United States. Pursuant to the Clean Water Act and similar state laws, a NPDES, or state permit, or both, must be obtained to discharge pollutants into federal and state waters. In addition, the Clean Water Act and comparable state laws require that individual permits or coverage under general permits be obtained by subject facilities for discharges of storm water runoff. We believe that we are in substantial compliance with Clean Water Act permitting requirements as well as the conditions imposed thereunder, and that our continued compliance with such existing permit conditions will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Endangered Species Act. The Endangered Species Act restricts activities that may affect endangered or threatened species or their habitat. While we have no reason to believe that we operate in any area that is currently designated as a habitat for endangered or threatened species, the discovery of previously unidentified endangered species, or the designation of additional species as endangered or threatened, could cause us to incur additional costs or to become subject to expansion or operating restrictions or bans in the affected areas.

Climate Change. On December 15, 2009, the EPA published its findings that emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and other greenhouse gases present an endangerment to public health and the environment because emissions of such gases are, according to the EPA, contributing to warming of the earth’s atmosphere and other climatic changes. These findings allow the EPA to adopt and implement regulations that would restrict emissions of greenhouse gases under existing provisions of the federal Clean Air Act. Accordingly, the EPA recently adopted two sets of regulations addressing greenhouse gas emissions under the Clean Air Act. The first limits emissions of greenhouse gases from motor vehicles beginning with the 2012 model year. The EPA has asserted that these final motor vehicle greenhouse gas emission standards trigger Clean Air Act construction and operating permit requirements for stationary sources, commencing when the motor vehicle standards took effect on January 2, 2011. On June 3, 2010, the EPA published its final rule to address the permitting of greenhouse gas emissions from stationary sources under the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (“PSD”) and Title V permitting programs. This rule “tailors” these permitting programs to apply to certain stationary sources of greenhouse gas emissions in a multi-step process, with the largest sources first subject to permitting. It is widely expected that facilities required to obtain PSD permits for their greenhouse gas emissions will be required to also reduce those emissions according to “best available control technology” standards for greenhouse gases that have yet to be developed. Any regulatory or permitting obligation that limits emissions of greenhouse gases could require us to incur costs to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases associated with our operations and also could adversely affect demand for the natural gas and other hydrocarbon products that we transport, process, or otherwise handle in connection with our services.

In addition, on October 30, 2009, the EPA published a final rule requiring the reporting of greenhouse gas emissions from specified large greenhouse gas sources in the United States on an annual basis, beginning in 2011

 

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for emissions occurring after January 1, 2010. On November 8, 2010, the EPA revised its greenhouse gas reporting rule to include onshore oil and natural gas production, processing, transmission, storage and distribution facilities. If the proposed rule is finalized as proposed, reporting of greenhouse gas emissions from such facilities, including many of our facilities, will be required on an annual basis, with reporting beginning in 2012 for emissions occurring in 2011.

In June 2009, the United States House of Representatives passed ACESA, which would establish an economy-wide cap on emissions of greenhouse gases in the United States and would require most sources of greenhouse gas emissions to obtain and hold “allowances” corresponding to their annual emissions of greenhouse gases. By steadily reducing the number of available allowances over time, ACESA would require a 17 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from 2005 levels by 2020 and just over an 80 percent reduction of such emissions by 2050. Legislation to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases by comparable amounts is currently pending in the United States Senate, and more than one-third of the states have already taken legal measures to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, primarily through the planned development of greenhouse gas emission inventories and/or regional greenhouse gas cap and trade programs. The passage of legislation that limits emissions of greenhouse gases from our equipment and operations could require us to incur costs to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from our own operations, and it could also adversely affect demand for our transportation, storage and midstream services.

Some have suggested that one consequence of climate change could be increased severity of extreme weather, such as increased hurricanes and floods. If such effects were to occur, our operations could be adversely affected in various ways, including damages to our facilities from powerful winds or rising waters, or increased costs for insurance. Another possible consequence of climate change is increased volatility in seasonal temperatures. The market for our NGLs and natural gas is generally improved by periods of colder weather and impaired by periods of warmer weather, so any changes in climate could affect the market for the fuels that we produce. Despite the use of the term “global warming” as a shorthand for climate change, some studies indicate that climate change could cause some areas to experience temperatures substantially colder than their historical averages. As a result, it is difficult to predict how the market for our fuels could be affected by increased temperature volatility, although if there is an overall trend of warmer temperatures, it would be expected to have an adverse effect on our business.

Employee Health and Safety. We are subject to the requirements of the federal OSHA and comparable state laws that regulate the protection of the health and safety of workers. In addition, the OSHA hazard communication standard requires that information be maintained about hazardous materials used or produced in operations and that this information be provided to employees, state and local government authorities and citizens. We believe that our operations are in substantial compliance with the OSHA requirements including general industry standards, recordkeeping requirements, and monitoring of occupational exposure to regulated substances.

Safety Regulations. Those pipelines through which we transport mixed NGLs (exclusively to other NGL pipelines) are subject to regulation by the DOT, under the HLPSA, relating to the design, installation, testing, construction, operation, replacement and management of pipeline facilities. The HLPSA requires any entity that owns or operates liquids pipelines to comply with the regulations under the HLPSA, to permit access to and allow copying of records and to submit certain reports and provide other information as required by the Secretary of Transportation. We believe our liquids pipelines are in substantial compliance with applicable HLPSA requirements. The DOT is continually proposing new pipeline safety rules that may impact our businesses.

Our interstate, intrastate and certain of our gathering pipelines are also are subject to regulation by the DOT under the NGPSA, which covers natural gas, crude oil, carbon dioxide, NGLs and petroleum products pipelines, and under the Pipeline Safety Improvement Act of 2002, as amended. Pursuant to these authorities, the DOT has established a series of rules that require pipeline operators to develop and implement “integrity management programs” for natural gas pipelines located in areas where the consequences of potential pipeline accidents pose

 

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the greatest risk to people and their property. Similar rules are also in place for operators of hazardous liquid pipelines. The DOT’s integrity management rules establish requirements relating to the design, installation, testing, construction, operation, inspection, replacement and management of pipeline facilities. We believe that our pipeline operations are in substantial compliance with applicable NGPSA requirements.

The states administer federal pipeline safety standards under the NGPSA and have the authority to conduct pipeline inspections, to investigate accidents and to oversee compliance and enforcement, safety programs and record maintenance and reporting. Congress, the DOT and individual states may pass additional pipeline safety requirements, but such requirements, if adopted, would not be expected to affect us disproportionately relative to other companies in our industry.

The DOT has enacted new regulations as directed by the Pipeline Inspection, Protection, Enforcement and Safety Act of 2006. The proposed rules require operators of hazardous liquids pipelines, gas pipelines and LNG facilities with at least one control room to develop and implement and submit written control room management procedures. Compliance is required by August 1, 2011 and implementation is required by February 1, 2012, although the DOT has sought comments on expediting implementation to August 1, 2011. Implementation of the control room management procedures will result in additional costs for us.

New TCEQ Rule. On January 26, 2011, the TCEQ adopted a new Section 352 Oil and Gas Permit by Rule (“PBR”), which is applicable to oil and gas facilities in the Barnett Shale area of Texas and provides an authorization for activities that produce more than a de minimis level of emissions. The PBR requires additional recordkeeping and reporting requirements, additional best management practices, increased emissions modeling, increased stack testing and an increase in project/facility registrations, all of which would increase our capital and operating costs in the Barnett Shale in Texas. Additionally, under the PBR, the construction of new facilities near existing facilities could cause the existing and new facilities to be subject to increased requirements, including the installation of additional emissions control equipment, which would increase the costs of new projects and increase capital expenditures in the Barnett Shale in Texas. Currently, our facilities located in the Barnett Shale are part of our Compressor Segment, and most compliance costs resulting from the PBR will be borne by our customers.

EMPLOYEES

As of December 31, 2010, our General Partner employed 793 employees, of whom 583 were field operating employees and 210 were mid-and senior-level management and staff. None of these employees are represented by a labor union and there are no outstanding collective bargaining agreements to which our General Partner is a party. Our General Partner believes that it has good relations with its employees.

AVAILABLE INFORMATION

We file or furnish annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any related amendments and supplements thereto with the SEC. From time to time, we may also file registration and related statements pertaining to equity or debt offerings. You may read and copy any materials we file or furnish with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information regarding the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-732-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an Internet website at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.

We make our SEC filings available to the public, free of charge and as soon as practicable after they are filed with the SEC, through its Internet website located at http://www.regencyenergy.com. Our annual reports are filed on Form 10-K, our quarterly reports are filed on Form 10-Q and current-event reports are filed on Form 8-K; we also file amendments to reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. References to our website addressed in this report are provided as a convenience and do not constitute, and should not be viewed as, an incorporation by reference of the information contained on, or available through, our website. Therefore, such information should not be considered part of this report.

 

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to risks and uncertainties in the ordinary course of business that are common to all businesses, important factors that are specific to our business, our structure as a limited partnership and our tax treatment could materially impact our future performance and results of operations. We have provided below a list of these risk factors that should be reviewed when considering an investment in our securities. These are not all the risks we face and other factors currently considered immaterial or unknown to us may impact our future operations.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS

We may not have sufficient cash from operations to enable us to pay our current quarterly distribution following the establishment of cash reserves and payment of fees and expenses, including reimbursement of fees and expenses of our General Partner.

We may not have sufficient available cash from operating surplus each quarter to pay our MQD. The amount of cash we can distribute to our unitholders depends principally on the amount of cash we generate from our operations, which will fluctuate from quarter to quarter based on, among other things:

 

 

 

prevailing economic conditions;

 

 

 

the fees we charge and the margins we realize for our services and sales;

 

 

 

the prices of, level of, production of, and demand for natural gas and NGLs;

 

 

 

the volumes of natural gas we gather, process and transport; and

 

 

 

the amounts of our operating costs, including reimbursement of fees and expenses of our General Partner.

In addition, the actual amount of cash we will have available for distribution will depend on other factors, some of which are beyond our control, including:

 

 

 

our debt service requirements;

 

 

 

fluctuation in our working capital needs;

 

 

 

our ability to borrow funds and access capital markets;

 

 

 

restrictions contained in our debt agreements;

 

 

 

the cost of acquisition, if any;

 

 

 

the amounts of cash reserves established by our General Partner; and

 

 

 

Our ability to maintain commodity hedge prices from year to year.

You should be aware that the amount of cash we have available for distribution depends primarily upon our cash flow, not net income (loss) per GAAP. As a result, we may make cash distributions during periods when we record losses for financial accounting purposes and may not be able to make cash distributions during periods when we record net earnings for financial accounting purposes.

Our cash flow is affected by supply and demand for natural gas and NGL products and by natural gas and NGL prices, and decreases in these prices could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Natural gas, NGLs and other commodity prices are volatile, and an unfavorable change in these prices could adversely affect our cash flow and operating results.

We are subject to risks due to frequent and often substantial fluctuations in commodity prices. NGLs prices generally fluctuate on a basis that correlates to fluctuations in crude oil prices. In the past, the prices of natural

 

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gas and crude oil have been extremely volatile, and this volatility could continue. Volatility in crude oil and natural gas prices can impact our customers’ activity levels and spending for our products and services, as well as our margins under our keep-whole and percentage-of-proceeds natural gas gathering and processing contracts. The markets and prices for natural gas and NGLs depend upon factors beyond our control. These factors include demand for oil, natural gas and NGLs, which fluctuates with changes in market and economic conditions and other factors, including:

 

 

 

the level of domestic oil and natural gas production;

 

 

 

the availability of imported oil and natural gas;

 

 

 

actions taken by foreign oil and gas producing nations;

 

 

 

the impact of weather on the demand for oil and natural gas;

 

 

 

the availability of local, intrastate and interstate transportation systems;

 

 

 

the availability and marketing of competitive fuels;

 

 

 

the impact of energy conservation efforts; and

 

 

 

the extent of governmental regulation and taxation.

Our natural gas gathering and processing businesses operate under two types of contractual arrangements that expose our cash flows to increases and decreases in the price of natural gas and NGLs: percentage-of-proceeds and keep-whole arrangements. Under percentage-of-proceeds arrangements, we generally purchase natural gas from producers and retain from the sale an agreed percentage of pipeline-quality gas and NGLs resulting from our processing activities (in cash or in-kind) at market prices. Under keep-whole arrangements, we receive the NGLs removed from the natural gas during our processing operations as the fee for providing our services in exchange for replacing the thermal content removed as NGLs with a like thermal content in pipeline-quality gas or its cash equivalent. Under these types of arrangements our revenues and our cash flows increase or decrease as the prices of natural gas and NGLs fluctuate. The relationship between natural gas prices and NGL prices may also affect our profitability. When natural gas prices are low relative to NGLs prices, it is more profitable for us to process natural gas under keep-whole arrangements. When natural gas prices are high relative to NGLs prices, it is less profitable for us and our customers to process natural gas both because of the higher value of natural gas and of the increased cost (principally that of natural gas as a feedstock and a fuel) of separating the mixed NGLs from the natural gas. As a result, we may experience periods in which higher natural gas prices relative to NGL prices reduce our processing margins or reduce the volume of natural gas processed at some of our plants.

Because of the natural decline in production from existing wells, our success depends on our ability to obtain new supplies of natural gas, which involves factors beyond our control. Any decrease in supplies or the price of natural gas in our areas of operation could adversely affect our business and operating results.

Our gathering and processing and transportation pipeline systems are dependent on the level of production from natural gas wells that supply our systems and from which production will naturally decline over time. As a result, our cash flows associated with these wells will also decline over time. In order to maintain or increase throughput volume levels on our gathering and transportation pipeline systems and the asset utilization rates at our natural gas processing plants, we must continually obtain new supplies. The primary factors affecting our ability to obtain new supplies of natural gas and attract new customers to our assets are: the level of successful drilling activity near our systems and our ability to compete with other gathering and processing companies for volumes from successful new wells.

The level of natural gas drilling activity is dependent on economic and business factors beyond our control. The primary factor that impacts drilling decisions is natural gas prices. A sustained decline in natural gas prices could result in a decrease in exploration and development activities in the fields served by our gathering and

 

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processing facilities and pipeline transportation systems, which would lead to reduced utilization of these assets. Recently some producers have indicated that they will focus their exploration and production efforts on geographic areas with oil and NGL-rich natural gas products. Other factors that impact production decisions include producers’ capital budget limitations, which have become more constrained in this past year, the ability of producers to obtain necessary drilling and other governmental permits and regulatory changes.

Because of these factors, even if additional natural gas reserves were discovered in areas served by our assets, producers may choose not to develop those reserves. If we were not able to obtain new supplies of natural gas to replace the natural decline in volumes from existing wells due to reductions in drilling activity or competition, throughput volumes on our pipelines and the utilization rates of our processing facilities would decline, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our natural gas contract compression operations significantly depend upon the continued demand for and production of natural gas and crude oil. Demand may be affected by, among other factors, natural gas prices, crude oil prices, weather, demand for energy, and availability of alternative energy sources. Any prolonged, substantial reduction in the demand for natural gas or crude oil would, in all likelihood, depress the level of production activity and result in a decline in the demand for our contract compression services and products. Lower natural gas prices or crude oil prices over the long-term could result in a decline in the production of natural gas or crude oil, respectively, resulting in reduced demand for our natural gas contract compression services. Additionally, production from natural gas sources such as longer-lived tight sands, shales and coalbeds constitute an increasing percentage of our compression services business. Such sources are generally less economically feasible to produce in lower natural gas price environments, and a reduction in demand for natural gas or natural gas lift for crude oil may cause such sources of natural gas to be uneconomic to drill and produce, which could in turn negatively impact the demand for our compression services.

Many of our customers’ drilling activity levels and spending for transportation on our pipeline system may be impacted by commodity prices and the credit markets.

Many of our customers finance their drilling activities through cash flow from operations, the incurrence of debt or the issuance of equity. Any combination of a reduction of cash flow resulting from declines in natural gas prices, a reduction in borrowing bases under reserve-based credit facilities and the lack of availability of debt or equity financing may result in a significant reduction in our customers’ spending for natural gas drilling activity, which could result in lower volumes being transported on our pipeline system. A significant reduction in drilling activity could have a material adverse effect on our operations.

We depend on certain key producers and other customers for a significant portion of our supply of natural gas, contract compression and contract treating revenues. The loss of, or reduction in, any of these key producers or customers could adversely affect our business and operating results.

We rely on a limited number of producers and other customers for a significant portion of our natural gas supplies and our contracts for compression services. These contracts have terms that range from month-to-month to life of lease. As these contracts expire, we will have to negotiate extensions or renewals or replace the contracts with those of other suppliers. We may be unable to obtain new or renewed contracts on favorable terms, if at all. The loss of all or even a portion of the volumes of natural gas supplied by these producers and other customers, as a result of competition or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We own an equity interest in HPC and in MEP, but we do not exercise control over either of them.

We own a 49.99 percent general partner interest in HPC, and we have the right to appoint two members of the four member management committee. We also have the right to vote the 0.01 percent ownership interest retained by GE EFS. Each member has a vote equal to the sharing ratio of the partner that appointed such member. Accordingly, we do not exercise control over HPC. In addition, HPC’s partnership agreement contains

 

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standard supermajority voting provisions and also requires that the following actions, among other things, be approved by at least 75 percent of the members of the management committee: a merger or consolidation of the joint venture, the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the joint venture, a determination to raise additional capital, determining the amount of available cash, causing the joint venture to terminate the master services agreement, approval of any budget and entry into material contracts.

We have a 49.9 percent non-operated ownership interest in MEP, and we have the right to appoint one member to the three-member board of directors. An affiliate of KMP owns a 50 percent interest in MEP and thus has the sole right to appoint the officers of MEP and to make other operating decisions. Accordingly, we do not exercise control over MEP. In addition, MEP’s limited liability company agreement provides that 65 percent of the membership interest constitutes a quorum. Most matters require a majority vote, but the following actions, among other things, require the approval of at least 80 percent of the membership interest: the sale of any assets outside the ordinary course of business or with a fair market value in excess of $5,000,000, a merger, consolidation or liquidation, modifying or terminating any agreement with a member, issuing, selling or repurchasing membership interests, incurring or refinancing indebtedness in excess of $25,000,000 and filing or settling any litigation or arbitration that involves claims or settlements in excess of $5,000,000.

We may be required to make additional capital contributions to our equity joint ventures.

Both HPC and MEP may request that we make additional capital contributions to support their capital expenditure programs. If such capital contributions are required, we may not be able to obtain the financing necessary to satisfy our obligations. In the event that we elect not to participate in future capital contributions, our ownership interest in the joint ventures will be diluted.

Our contract compression segment depends on particular suppliers and is vulnerable to parts and equipment shortages and price increases, which could have a negative impact on our results of operations.

The principal manufacturers of components for our natural gas compression equipment include Caterpillar, Inc. for engines, Air-X-Changers for coolers, and Ariel Corporation for compressors and frames. Our reliance on these suppliers involves several risks, including price increases and a potential inability to obtain an adequate supply of required components in a timely manner. We also rely primarily on one vendor, Standard Equipment Corp., an affiliate of ETP, to package and assemble our compression units. We do not have long-term contracts with these suppliers or packagers, and a partial or complete loss of certain of these sources could have a negative impact on our results of operations and could damage our customer relationships. In addition, since we expect any increase in component prices for compression equipment or packaging costs will be passed on to us, a significant increase in their pricing could have a negative impact on our results of operations.

Our contract treating segment depends on particular suppliers and is vulnerable to parts and equipment shortages and price increases, which could have a negative impact on our results of operations.

Our contract treating segment’s ability to manufacture new equipment used to provide treating services, and to obtain replacement components, depends on particular suppliers and is sensitive to equipment shortages and price increases. Spitzer Industries, the principal manufacturer and packager of amine plants, determines the cost of contract treating’s equipment based primarily on the price and availability of commodities (i.e. steel), components and labor. If a significant increase in the cost of manufacturing were to occur, our contract treating segment could see a reduced rate of return on its capital investments absent offsetting increases in revenue rates.

In accordance with industry practice, we do not obtain independent evaluations of natural gas reserves dedicated to our gathering systems. Accordingly, volumes of natural gas gathered on our gathering systems in the future could be less than we anticipate, which could adversely affect our business and operating results.

We do not obtain independent evaluations of natural gas reserves connected to our gathering systems due to the unwillingness of producers to provide reserve information as well as the cost of such evaluations.

 

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Accordingly, we do not have estimates of total reserves dedicated to our systems or the anticipated lives of such reserves. If the total reserves or estimated lives of the reserves connected to our gathering systems are less than we anticipate and we are unable to secure additional sources of natural gas, then the volumes of natural gas gathered on our gathering systems in the future could be less than we anticipate. A decline in the volumes of natural gas gathered on our gathering systems could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

In our gathering and processing operations, we purchase raw natural gas containing significant quantities of NGLs, process the raw natural gas and sell the processed gas and NGLs. If we are unsuccessful in balancing the purchase of raw natural gas with its component NGLs and our sales of pipeline quality gas and NGLs, our exposure to commodity price risks will increase.

We purchase from producers and other customers a substantial amount of the natural gas that flows through our natural gas gathering and processing systems and our transportation pipeline for resale to third parties, including natural gas marketers and utilities. We may not be successful in balancing our purchases and sales. In addition, a producer could fail to deliver promised volumes or could deliver volumes in excess of contracted volumes, a purchaser could purchase less than contracted volumes, or the natural gas price differential between the regions in which we operate could vary unexpectedly. Any of these actions could cause our purchases and sales not to be balanced. If our purchases and sales are not balanced, we will face increased exposure to commodity price risks and could have increased volatility in our operating results.

Our results of operations and cash flow may be adversely affected by risks associated with our hedging activities.

In performing our functions in our gathering and processing segment, we are a seller of natural gas and NGLs and are exposed to commodity price risk associated with downward movements in commodity prices. As a result of the volatility of commodity prices and interest rates, we have executed swap contracts settled against ethane, propane, normal butane, natural gas, natural gasoline and west Texas intermediate crude market prices and interest rates. We continually monitor our hedging and contract portfolio and expect to adjust our hedge position as conditions warrant. For more information about our risk management activities, please read “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.” Even though our management monitors our hedging activities, these activities can result in substantial losses. Such losses could occur under various circumstances, including any circumstance in which a counterparty does not perform its obligations under the applicable hedging arrangement, the hedging arrangement is imperfect, or our hedging policies and procedures are not followed or do not work as planned.

The recent adoption of derivatives legislation by the United States Congress could have an adverse effect on our ability to use derivative instruments to reduce the effect of commodity price, interest rate and other risks associated with our business.

The United States Congress recently adopted the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, which, among other provisions, establishes federal oversight and regulation of the over-the-counter derivatives market and entities that participate in that market. The new legislation was signed into law by the President on July 21, 2010 and requires the CFTC and the SEC to promulgate rules and regulations implementing the new legislation within 360 days from the date of enactment. The CFTC has also proposed regulations to set position limits for certain futures and option contracts in the major energy markets, although it is not possible at this time to predict whether or when the CFTC will adopt those rules or include comparable provisions in its rulemaking under the new legislation. The financial reform legislation may also require us to comply with margin requirements and with certain clearing and trade-execution requirements in connection with our derivative activities, although the application of those provisions to us is uncertain at this time. The financial reform legislation may also require the counterparties to our derivative instruments to spin off some of their derivatives activities to a separate entity, which may not be as creditworthy as the current counterparty. The new legislation and any new regulations could significantly increase the cost of derivative contracts (including

 

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through requirements to post collateral, which could adversely affect our available liquidity), materially alter the terms of derivative contracts, reduce the availability of derivatives to protect against risks we encounter, reduce our ability to monetize or restructure existing derivative contracts, and increase our exposure to less creditworthy counterparties. If we reduce our use of derivatives as a result of the legislation and regulations, our results of operations may become more volatile and our cash flows may be less predictable.

To the extent that we intend to grow internally through construction of new, or modification of existing, facilities, we may not be able to manage that growth effectively, which could decrease our cash flow and adversely affect our results of operations.

A principal focus of our strategy is to continue to grow by expanding our business both internally and through acquisitions. Our ability to grow internally will depend on a number of factors, some of which will be beyond our control. We may not be able to finance the construction or modifications on satisfactory terms. In general, the construction of additions or modifications to our existing systems, and the construction of new midstream assets involve numerous regulatory, environmental, political and legal uncertainties beyond our control. Any project that we undertake may not be completed on schedule, at budgeted cost or at all. Construction may occur over an extended period, and we are not likely to receive a material increase in revenues related to such project until it is completed. Moreover, our revenues may not increase immediately upon the completion of construction because the anticipated growth in gas production that the project was intended to capture does not materialize, our estimates of the growth in production prove inaccurate or for other reasons. For example, producers in the area may decrease their activity levels in the area near HPC’s expansion project due to the declines in the price for natural gas. To the extent producers in the area are unable to execute their expected drilling programs, the return on our investment from this project may not be as attractive as we anticipate. For any of these reasons, newly constructed or modified midstream facilities may not generate our expected investment return and that, in turn, could adversely affect our cash flows and results of operations. In addition, our ability to undertake to grow in this fashion will depend on our ability to hire, train, and retain qualified personnel to manage and operate these facilities when completed.

We may have difficulty financing our planned capital expenditures, which could adversely affect our results and growth.

We expect that we will distribute all of our available cash to our unitholders and will rely primarily upon external financing sources, including borrowings under our credit facility and the issuance of debt and equity securities, to fund our acquisitions and expansion capital expenditures. If we are not able to obtain adequate financing from the capital markets, our ability to grow and our results of operations could be adversely impacted.

Our leverage may limit our ability to borrow additional funds, make distributions, comply with the terms of our indebtedness or capitalize on business opportunities.

Our leverage is significant in relation to our partners’ capital. Our debt to capital ratio, calculated as total debt divided by the sum of total debt and partners’ capital, as of December 31, 2010 was 26 percent. We will be prohibited from making cash distributions during an event of default under any of our indebtedness, and, in the case of the indenture under which our senior notes were issued, the failure to maintain a prescribed ratio of consolidated cash flows (as defined in the indenture) to interest expense. Various limitations in our credit facility, as well as the indentures for our senior notes, may reduce our ability to incur additional debt, to engage in some transactions and to capitalize on business opportunities. Any subsequent refinancing of our current indebtedness or any new indebtedness could have similar or greater restrictions.

Our leverage may adversely affect our ability to fund future working capital, capital expenditures and other general partnership requirements, future acquisition, construction or development activities, or otherwise realize fully the value of our assets and opportunities because of the need to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our indebtedness or to comply with any restrictive terms of our

 

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indebtedness. Our leverage may also make our results of operations more susceptible to adverse economic and industry conditions by limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate and may place us at a competitive disadvantage as compared to our competitors that have less debt.

Increases in interest rates could adversely impact our common unit price and our ability to issue additional equity, in order to make acquisitions, to reduce debt, or for other purposes.

The interest rates on our senior notes are fixed and the loans outstanding under our credit facility bear interest at a floating rate. Interest rates on future credit facilities and debt offerings could be significantly higher than current levels, causing our financing costs to increase accordingly. As with other yield-oriented securities, the market price for our units will be affected by the level of our cash distributions and implied distribution yield. The distribution yield is often used by investors to compare and rank yield-oriented securities for investment decision-making purposes. Therefore, changes in interest rates, either positive or negative, may affect the yield requirements of investors who invest in our units, and a rising interest rate environment could have an adverse effect on our unit price and our ability to issue additional equity in order to make acquisitions, to reduce debt or for other purposes.

Because we distribute all of our available cash to our unitholders, our future growth may be limited.

Since we will distribute all of our available cash to our unitholders, subject to the limitations on restricted payments contained in the indentures governing our senior notes and our credit facility, we will depend on financing provided by commercial banks and other lenders and the issuance of debt and equity securities to finance any significant internal organic growth or acquisitions. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing from these sources, our ability to grow will be limited.

Our interstate gas transportation operations, including Section 311 service performed by our intrastate pipelines, our sales of gas in interstate commerce, and our shipment of gas on interstate pipelines are subject to FERC regulation; failure to comply with applicable regulation, future changes in regulations or policies, or the establishment of more onerous terms and conditions applicable to natural gas transportation service could adversely affect our business.

FERC has broad regulatory authority over the business and operations of interstate natural gas pipelines, such as the pipelines owned by Gulf States and MEP, both of which hold FERC-approved tariffs setting forth cost- based rates, terms and conditions for services to shippers wishing to take interstate transportation service. Under the NGA, rates charged for, and the terms and conditions of service of, interstate natural gas transmission must be just and reasonable, and amounts collected in excess of just and reasonable rates may be subject to refund with interest. In addition, FERC regulates the rates, terms and conditions of service with respect to Section 311 transportation service provided by HPC. FERC has authority to alter its rules, regulations and policies governing service provided by interstate pipelines and intrastate pipelines providing Section 311 services. We cannot give any assurance regarding the likely future regulations under which Gulf States, MEP or HPC will operate their interstate transportation businesses or the effect such regulation could have on our businesses or results of operations. In addition, FERC also has broad authority to require compliance with its rules and regulations and to prohibit and penalize manipulative behavior that affects markets. Since our gathering and processing businesses sell natural gas in interstate commerce and ship gas on interstate pipelines, these activities are subject to FERC oversight. Any failure on our part to comply with applicable FERC-administered statutes, rules, regulations and orders could result in the imposition of administrative, civil and/or criminal penalties, or both, as well as increased operational requirements or prohibitions.

 

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As limited partnership entities, neither we nor our regulated pipelines may be able to include a full tax allowance in calculating our costs-of-service for rate-making purposes.

Under current policy applied under the NGA and Section 311, FERC permits regulated gas pipelines to include, in the cost-of-service used as the basis for calculating the pipeline’s regulated rates, a tax allowance reflecting the actual or potential income tax liability on pipeline income attributable to all partnership or limited liability company interests, if the ultimate owner of the interest has an actual or potential income tax liability on such income. Whether a pipeline’s owners have such actual or potential income tax liability will be reviewed by FERC on a case-by-case basis, and the pipeline is required to demonstrate that such potential income tax liability exists. Although FERC’s policy is generally favorable for pipelines that are organized as, or owned by, tax-pass-through entities, application of the policy in individual rate cases still entails rate risk due to the case-by-case review requirement. The specific terms and application of that policy remain subject to future refinement or change by FERC and the courts. Moreover, we cannot guarantee that this policy will not be altered in the future.

There are uncertainties in the calculation of the return on equity that FERC will authorize a pipeline to include in its cost-of-service.

An important part of the determination of rates by FERC is the establishment of an authorized return on equity. FERC currently calculates a range of potential returns, based on a discounted cash flow analysis of companies included in a proxy group, and then determines where a pipeline’s risks require it to be placed within this range. FERC policy also currently allows the inclusion of master limited partnerships, or MLPs, in proxy groups used to calculate the appropriate returns on equity under FERC’s discounted cash flow analysis, but FERC limits recognition of certain MLP earnings and allows case-by-case determination by FERC of the appropriateness of any MLP, or indeed any stock corporation, proposed as a member of the pipeline’s proxy group.

A change in the level of regulation or the jurisdictional characterization of some of our assets or business activities by federal, state or local regulatory agencies could affect our operations and revenues.

Our natural gas gathering, processing and intrastate transportation operations are generally exempt from FERC regulation under the NGA, but FERC regulation still affects these businesses and the markets for products derived from these businesses. With the passage of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005), FERC has expanded its oversight of natural gas purchasers, natural gas sellers, gatherers, intrastate pipelines and shippers on FERC regulated pipelines by imposing new market monitoring and market transparency rules and rules prohibiting manipulative behavior. In addition, EPACT 2005 substantially increased FERC’s penalty authority. In recent years, FERC has adopted new rules requiring increased reporting by purchasers and sellers of natural gas, intrastate pipelines and gathering systems of certain information, and in 2009, FERC issued a notice of proposed rulemaking seeking comments on proposed increased transactional reporting requirements for intrastate pipelines. We cannot predict the outcome of the rulemaking proceeding or how FERC will approach future matters such as pipeline rates and rules and policies that may affect purchases or sales of natural gas or rights of access to natural gas transportation capacity.

In addition, the distinction between FERC-regulated interstate transmission service, on one hand, and intrastate transmission or federally unregulated gathering services, on the other hand, is the subject of regular litigation at FERC and in the courts and of policy discussions at FERC. In such circumstances, the classification and regulation of some of our gathering or our intrastate transportation pipelines may be subject to change based on future determinations by FERC, the courts, or Congress. Such a change could result in increased regulation by FERC, which could adversely affect our business.

Other state and local regulations also affect our business. Our gathering pipelines are subject to ratable take and common purchaser statutes in states in which we operate. Ratable take statutes generally require gatherers to take, without undue discrimination, oil or natural gas production that may be tendered to the gatherer for handling. Similarly, common purchaser statutes generally require gatherers to purchase without undue discrimination as to

 

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source of supply or producer. These statutes restrict our right as an owner of gathering facilities to decide with whom we contract to purchase or transport natural gas. Federal law leaves any economic regulation of natural gas gathering to the states. Many states in which we operate have adopted complaint-based regulation of natural gas gathering activities, which allows natural gas producers and shippers to file complaints with state regulators in an effort to resolve grievances relating to natural gas gathering access and rate discrimination. In addition, TCEQ has proposed a new Section 352 Oil and Gas Permit by Rule (“PBR”), which is applicable to gas pipeline facilities and provides an authorization for activities that produce more than a de minimis level of emissions, but too little emissions for other permitting options, if the conditions of PBR are met. If adopted, our compliance with the conditions in the proposed PBR may result in substantial increases in our capital expenditures and operating costs.

Any new laws, rules, regulations or orders could result in additional compliance costs and/or requirements, which could adversely affect our business. If we fail to comply with any new or existing laws, rules, regulations, laws or orders, we could be subject to administrative, civil and/or criminal penalties, or both, as well as increased operational requirements or prohibitions.

We may be unable to integrate successfully the operations of future acquisitions with our operations, and we may not realize all the anticipated benefits of the past and any future acquisitions.

Integration of acquisitions with our business and operations is a complex, time consuming, and costly process. Failure to integrate acquisitions successfully with our business and operations in a timely manner may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. We cannot assure you that we will achieve the desired profitability from past or future acquisitions. In addition, failure to assimilate future acquisitions successfully could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Our acquisitions involve numerous risks, including:

 

 

 

operating a significantly larger combined organization and adding operations;

 

 

 

difficulties in the assimilation of the assets and operations of the acquired business, especially if the assets acquired are in a new business segment or geographic area;

 

 

 

the risk that natural gas reserves expected to support the acquired assets may not be of the anticipated magnitude or may not be developed as anticipated;

 

 

 

the loss of significant producers or markets or key employees from the acquired business;

 

 

 

the availability of local, intrastate and interstate transportation system;

 

 

 

the diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns;

 

 

 

the failure to realize expected profitability, growth or synergies and cost savings;

 

 

 

properly assessing and managing environmental compliance;

 

 

 

coordinating geographically disparate organizations, systems, and facilities; and

 

 

 

coordinating or consolidating corporate and administrative functions.

Further, unexpected costs and challenges may arise whenever businesses with different operations or management are combined, and we may experience unanticipated delays in realizing the benefits of an acquisition. If we consummate any future acquisition, our capitalization and results of operation may change significantly, and you may not have the opportunity to evaluate the economic, financial and other relevant information that we will consider in evaluating future acquisitions.

Our industry is highly competitive, and increased competitive pressure could adversely affect our business and operating results.

We compete with similar enterprises in each of our areas of operations. Some of our competitors are large oil, natural gas, gathering and processing and natural gas pipeline companies that have greater financial resources

 

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and access to supplies of natural gas than we do. In addition, our customers who are significant producers or consumers of NGLs may develop their own processing facilities in lieu of using ours. Similarly, competitors may establish new connections with pipeline systems that would create additional competition for services that we provide to our customers. Our ability to renew or replace existing contracts with our customers at rates sufficient to maintain current revenues and cash flows could be adversely affected by the activities of our competitors.

The natural gas contract compression business is highly competitive, and there are low barriers to entry for individual projects. In addition, some of our competitors are large national and multinational companies that have greater financial and other resources than we do. Our ability to renew or replace existing contracts with our customers at rates sufficient to maintain current revenue and cash flows could be adversely affected by the activities of our competitors and our customers. If our competitors substantially increase the resources they devote to the development and marketing of competitive services or substantially decrease the prices at which they offer their services, we may be unable to compete effectively. Some of these competitors may expand or construct newer or more powerful compressor fleets that would create additional competition for us. In addition, our customers that are significant producers of natural gas and crude oil may purchase and operate their own compressor fleets in lieu of using our natural gas contract compression services. All of these competitive pressures could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Any reduction in the capacity of, or the allocations to, our shippers in interconnecting, third-party pipelines could cause a reduction of volumes transported in our pipelines, which would adversely affect our revenues and cash flow.

Users of our pipelines are dependent upon connections to and from third-party pipelines to receive and deliver natural gas and NGLs. Any reduction in the capacities of these interconnecting pipelines due to testing, line repair, reduced operating pressures, or other causes could result in reduced volumes being transported in our pipelines. Similarly, if additional shippers begin transporting volumes of natural gas and NGLs over interconnecting pipelines, the allocations to existing shippers in these pipelines could be reduced, which could also reduce volumes transported in our pipelines. Any reduction in volumes transported in our pipelines would adversely affect our revenue and cash flow.

We are exposed to the credit risks of our key customers, and any material nonpayment or nonperformance by our key customers could adversely affect our cash flow and results of operations.

We are subject to risks of loss resulting from nonpayment or nonperformance by our customers. Any material nonpayment or nonperformance by our key customers could reduce our ability to make distributions to our unitholders. Many of our customers finance their activities through cash flow from operations, the incurrence of debt or the issuance of equity. The combination of reduction of cash flow resulting from declines in commodity prices, a reduction in borrowing bases under reserve based credit facilities (resulting from a decline in commodity prices) and the lack of availability of debt or equity financing may result in a significant reduction in our customers’ liquidity and ability to make payment or perform on their obligations to us. Furthermore, some of our customers may be highly leveraged and subject to their own operating and regulatory risks, which increases the risk that they may default on their obligations to us.

Our business involves many hazards and operational risks, some of which may not be fully covered by insurance. If a significant accident or event occurs that is not fully insured, our operations and financial results could be adversely affected.

Our operations are subject to the many hazards inherent in the gathering, processing and transportation of natural gas and NGLs, including:

 

 

 

damage to our gathering and processing facilities, pipelines, related equipment and surrounding properties caused by tornadoes, floods, hurricanes, fires and other natural disasters and acts of terrorism;

 

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inadvertent damage from construction and farm equipments;

 

 

 

leaks of natural gas, NGLs and other hydrocarbons or losses of natural gas or NGLs as a result of the malfunction of pipelines, measurement equipment or facilities at receipt or delivery points;

 

 

 

fires and explosions;

 

 

 

weather related hazards, such as hurricanes and extensive rains which could delay the construction of assets and extreme cold which could cause freezing of pipelines, limiting throughput.; and

 

 

 

other hazards, including those associated with high-sulfur content, or sour gas, such as an accidental discharge of hydrogen sulfide gas, that could also result in personal injury and loss of life, pollution and suspension of operations.

These risks could result in substantial losses due to personal injury or loss of life, severe damage to and destruction of property and equipment and pollution or other environmental damage and may result in curtailment or suspension of our related operations. A natural disaster or other hazard affecting the areas in which we operate could have a material adverse effect on our operations. We are not insured against all environmental events that might occur. If a significant accident or event occurs that is not insured or fully insured, it could adversely affect our operations and financial condition.

Failure of the gas that we ship on our pipelines to meet the specifications of interconnecting interstate pipelines could result in curtailments by the interstate pipelines.

The markets to which the shippers on our pipelines ship natural gas include interstate pipelines. These interstate pipelines establish specifications for the natural gas that they are willing to accept, which include requirements such as hydrocarbon dewpoint, temperature and foreign content including water, sulfur, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. These specifications vary by interstate pipeline. If the total mix of natural gas shipped by the shippers on our pipeline fails to meet the specifications of a particular interstate pipeline, it may refuse to accept all or a part of the natural gas scheduled for delivery to it. In those circumstances, we may be required to find alternative markets for that gas or to shut-in the producers of the non-conforming gas, potentially reducing our throughput volumes or revenues.

We may incur significant costs and liabilities as a result of pipeline integrity management program testing and any related pipeline repair, or preventative or remedial measures, as well as any future legislative and regulatory initiatives related to pipeline safety.

The DOT has adopted regulations requiring pipeline operators to develop integrity management programs for transportation pipelines and certain gathering lines located where a leak or rupture could do the most harm in “high consequence areas.” The regulations require operators to:

 

 

 

perform ongoing assessments of pipeline integrity;

 

 

 

identify and characterize applicable threats to pipeline segments that could impact a high consequence area;

 

 

 

improve data collection, integration and analysis;

 

 

 

repair and remediate the pipeline as necessary; and

 

 

 

implement preventive and mitigating actions.

In addition, states have adopted regulations similar to existing DOT regulations for intrastate gathering and transmission lines. We currently estimate that we will incur costs of $241,000 in 2011 to implement pipeline integrity management program testing along certain segments of our pipeline, as required by existing DOT regulations. This estimate does not include the costs, if any, for repair, remediation, preventative or mitigating actions that may be determined to be necessary as a result of the testing program, which could be substantial.

 

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In the last Congress, the U.S. House of Representatives passed legislation that would increase penalties for pipeline safety violations, reduce reporting periods and provide for review and possibly revocation of exemptions for gathering systems from regulation by the DOT’s Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (“PHMSA”), among other matters. The Senate did not act on this bill in the last session of Congress. In addition, members of Congress have introduced other legislation on pipeline safety and the DOT has announced a review of its safety rules and its intention to strengthen those rules. We anticipate that new legislation will be proposed in the current session of Congress. In addition, PHMSA and the National Transportation Safety Board are considering actions and advisories as a result of some high profile pipeline accidents. We cannot predict the outcome of these legislative and regulatory initiatives, but legislative and regulatory changes could have a material effect on our operations and could subject us to more comprehensive and more stringent safety regulation and greater penalties for violations of safety rules.

We do not own all of the land on which our pipelines and facilities have been constructed, and we are therefore subject to the possibility of increased costs or the inability to retain necessary land use.

We obtain the rights to construct and operate our pipelines on land owned by third parties and governmental agencies for specified periods of time. Many of these rights-of-way are perpetual in duration; others have terms ranging from five to ten years. Many are subject to rights of reversion in the case of non-utilization for periods ranging from one to three years. In addition, some of our processing facilities are located on leased premises. Our loss of these rights, through our inability to renew right-of-way contracts or leases or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

In addition, the construction of additions to our existing gathering and transportation assets may require us to obtain new rights-of-way prior to constructing new pipelines. We may be unable to obtain such rights-of-way to connect new natural gas supplies to our existing gathering lines or to capitalize on other attractive expansion opportunities. If the cost of obtaining new rights-of-way increases, then our cash flows and growth opportunities could be adversely affected.

We may incur significant costs and liabilities in the future resulting from a failure to comply with new or existing environmental regulations or releases of hazardous materials into the environment.

Our operations are subject to stringent and complex federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations governing, among other things, air emissions, wastewater discharges, the use, management and disposal of hazardous and nonhazardous materials and wastes, and the cleanup of contamination. Noncompliance with such laws and regulations, or incidents resulting in environmental releases, could cause us to incur substantial costs, penalties, fines and other criminal sanctions, third party claims for personal injury or property damage, investments to retrofit or upgrade our facilities and programs, or curtailment of operations. Certain environmental statutes, including CERCLA and comparable state laws, impose strict, joint and several liability for costs required to clean up and restore sites where hazardous substances have been disposed or otherwise released.

There is inherent risk of the incurrence of environmental costs and liabilities in our business due to the necessity of handling natural gas and NGLs, air emissions related to our operations, and historical industry operations and waste disposal practices. For example, an accidental release from one of our pipelines or processing facilities could subject us to substantial liabilities arising from environmental cleanup and restoration costs, claims made by neighboring landowners and other third parties for personal injury and property damage, and fines or penalties for related violations of environmental laws or regulations. Moreover, the possibility exists that stricter laws, regulations or enforcement policies could significantly increase our compliance costs and the cost of any remediation that may become necessary. We may not be able to recover these costs from insurance. We cannot be certain that identification of presently unidentified conditions, more vigorous enforcement by regulatory agencies, enactment of more stringent laws and regulations, or other unanticipated events will not arise in the future and give rise to material environmental liabilities that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

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Climate change legislation or regulations restricting emissions of “greenhouse gases” could result in increased operating costs and reduced demand for the natural gas and other hydrocarbon products that we transport, process, or otherwise handle in connection with our transportation and midstream services.

On December 15, 2009, the EPA published its findings that emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and other greenhouse gases present an endangerment to public health and the environment because emissions of such gases are, according to the EPA, contributing to warming of the earth’s atmosphere and other climatic changes. These findings allow the EPA to adopt and implement regulations that would restrict emissions of greenhouse gases under existing provisions of the federal Clean Air Act. Accordingly, the EPA recently adopted two sets of regulations addressing greenhouse gas emissions under the Clean Air Act. The first limits emissions of greenhouse gases from motor vehicles beginning with the 2012 model year. The EPA has asserted that these final motor vehicle greenhouse gas emission standards trigger Clean Air Act construction and operating permit requirements for stationary sources, commencing when the motor vehicle standards took effect on January 2, 2011. On June 3, 2010, the EPA published its final rule to address the permitting of greenhouse gas emissions from stationary sources under the PSD and Title V permitting programs. This rule “tailors” these permitting programs to apply to certain stationary sources of greenhouse gas emissions in a multi-step process, with the largest sources first subject to permitting. It is widely expected that facilities required to obtain PSD permits for their greenhouse gas emissions will be required to also reduce those emissions according to “best available control technology” standards for greenhouse gases that have yet to be developed. Any regulatory or permitting obligation that limits emissions of greenhouse gases could require us to incur costs to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases associated with our operations and also could adversely affect demand for the natural gas and other hydrocarbon products that we transport, process, or otherwise handle in connection with our services.

In addition, on October 30, 2009, the EPA published a final rule requiring the reporting of greenhouse gas emissions from specified large greenhouse gas sources in the United States on an annual basis, beginning in 2011 for emissions occurring after January 1, 2010. On November 8, 2010, the EPA revised its greenhouse gas reporting rule to include onshore oil and natural gas production, processing, transmission, storage, and distribution facilities. If the proposed rule is finalized as proposed, reporting of greenhouse gas emissions from such facilities, including many of our facilities, will be required on an annual basis, with reporting beginning in 2012 for emissions occurring in 2011.

In June 2009, the United States House of Representatives passed ACESA which would establish an economy-wide cap on emissions of greenhouse gases in the United States and would require most sources of greenhouse gas emissions to obtain and hold “allowances” corresponding to their annual emissions of greenhouse gases. By steadily reducing the number of available allowances over time, ACESA would require a 17 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from 2005 levels by 2020 and just over an 80 percent reduction of such emissions by 2050. Legislation to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases by comparable amounts is currently pending in the United States Senate, and more than one-third of the states have already taken legal measures to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, primarily through the planned development of greenhouse gas emission inventories and/or regional greenhouse gas cap and trade programs. The passage of legislation that limits emissions of greenhouse gases from our equipment and operations could require us to incur costs to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from our own operations, and it could also adversely affect demand for our transportation, storage and midstream services.

Some have suggested that one consequence of climate change could be increased severity of extreme weather, such as increased hurricanes and floods. If such effects were to occur, our operations could be adversely affected in various ways, including damages to our facilities from powerful winds or rising waters, or increased costs for insurance. Another possible consequence of climate change is increased volatility in seasonal temperatures. The market for our NGLs and natural gas is generally improved by periods of colder weather and impaired by periods of warmer weather, so any changes in climate could affect the market for the fuels that we produce. Despite the use of the term “global warming” as a shorthand for climate change, some studies indicate that climate change could cause some areas to experience temperatures substantially colder than their historical

 

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averages. As a result, it is difficult to predict how the market for our fuels could be affected by increased temperature volatility, although if there is an overall trend of warmer temperatures, it would be expected to have an adverse effect on our business.

We may not have the ability to raise funds necessary to finance any change of control offer required under our senior notes and our preferred units.

If a change of control (as defined in the indentures governing our senior notes) occurs, we will be required to offer to purchase our outstanding senior notes at 101 percent of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest. If a purchase offer obligation arises under these indentures, a change of control could also have occurred under our credit facility, which could result in the acceleration of the indebtedness outstanding thereunder. Any of our future debt agreements may contain similar restrictions and provisions. If a purchase offer were required under the indentures for our debt (or under our credit facility), we may not have sufficient funds to pay the purchase price of all debt that we are required to purchase or repay.

Our ability to manage and grow our business effectively may be adversely affected if our General Partner loses key management or operational personnel.

We depend on the continuing efforts of our executive officers. The departure of any of our executive officers could have a significant negative effect on our business, operating results, financial condition, and on our ability to compete effectively in the marketplace. Additionally, the General Partner’s employees operate our business. Our General Partner’s ability to hire, train, and retain qualified personnel will continue to be important and will become more challenging as we grow and if energy industry market conditions remain positive.

When general industry conditions are good, the competition for experienced operational and field technicians increases as other energy and manufacturing companies’ needs for the same personnel increases. Our ability to grow and perhaps even to continue our current level of service to our current customers will be adversely impacted if our General Partner is unable to successfully hire, train and retain these important personnel.

Terrorist attacks, the threat of terrorist attacks, hostilities in the Middle East, or other sustained military campaigns may adversely impact our results of operations.

The long-term impact of terrorist attacks, such as the attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, and the magnitude of the threat of future terrorist attacks on the energy transportation industry in general and on us in particular are not known at this time. Uncertainty surrounding hostilities in the Middle East or other sustained military campaigns may affect our operations in unpredictable ways, including disruptions of natural gas supplies and markets for natural gas and NGLs and the possibility that infrastructure facilities could be direct targets of, or indirect casualties of, an act of terror. Changes in the insurance markets attributable to terrorist attacks may make certain types of insurance more difficult for us to obtain. Moreover, the insurance that may be available to us may be significantly more expensive than our existing insurance coverage. Instability in the financial markets as a result of terrorism or war could also affect our ability to raise capital.

A downgrade of our credit rating could impact our liquidity, access to capital and our costs of doing business, and maintaining credit ratings is under the control of independent third parties.

A downgrade of our credit rating might increase our cost of borrowing and could require us to post collateral with third parties, negatively impacting our available liquidity. Our ability to access capital markets could also be limited by a downgrade of our credit rating and other disruptions. Such disruptions could include:

 

 

 

economic downturns;

 

 

 

deteriorating capital market conditions;

 

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declining market prices for natural gas, NGLs and other commodities;

 

 

 

terrorist attacks or threatened attacks on our facilities or those of other energy companies; and

 

 

 

the overall health of the energy industry, including the bankruptcy or insolvency of other companies.

Credit rating agencies perform independent analysis when assigning credit ratings. The analysis includes a number of criteria including, but not limited to, business composition, market and operational risks, as well as various financial tests. Credit rating agencies continue to review the criteria for industry sectors and various debt ratings and may make changes to those criteria from time to time. Credit ratings are not recommendations to buy, sell or hold investments in the rated entity. Ratings are subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the rating agencies and no assurance can be given that we will maintain our current credit ratings.

ETE and an affiliate of GE may sell units in the public or private markets, and these sales could have an adverse impact on the price of our common units.

ETE owns 26,266,791 of our common units and an affiliate of GE owns 15,277,106 of our common units. We have agreed to provide to each of ETE and GE’s affiliate the right to register for resale their common units. We filed a registration statement relating to the resale of GE’s common units that became effective on October 15, 2010. The sale of these common units in the public or private markets could have an adverse impact on the price of our common units or on the trading market for them.

An impairment of goodwill and intangible assets could reduce our earnings.

At December 31, 2010, our consolidated balance sheet reflected $789,789,000 of goodwill and $770,155,000 of intangible assets. Goodwill is recorded when the purchase price of a business exceeds the fair market value of the tangible and separately measurable intangible net assets. GAAP requires us to test goodwill for impairment on an annual basis or when events or circumstances occur, indicating that goodwill might be impaired. Long-lived assets such as intangible assets with finite useful lives are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If we determine that any of our goodwill or intangible assets were impaired, we would be required to take an immediate charge to earnings with a correlative effect on partners’ capital and balance sheet leverage as measured by debt to total capitalization.

If we do not make acquisitions on economically acceptable terms, our future growth could be limited.

Our results of operations and our ability to grow and to increase distributions to unitholders will depend in part on our ability to make acquisitions that are accretive to our distributable cash flow per unit.

We may be unable to make accretive acquisitions for any of the following reasons, among others:

 

 

 

because we are unable to identify attractive acquisition candidates or negotiate acceptable purchase contracts with them;

 

 

 

because we are unable to raise financing for such acquisitions on economically acceptable terms; or

 

 

 

because we are outbid by competitors, some of which are substantially larger than us and have greater financial resources and lower costs of capital then we do.

If we consummate future acquisitions, our capitalization and results of operations may change significantly. As we determine the application of our funds and other resources, unitholders will not have an opportunity to evaluate the economics, financial and other relevant information that we will consider.

 

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Increased regulation of hydraulic fracturing could result in reductions or delays in drilling and completing new oil and natural gas wells, which could adversely impact our revenues by decreasing the volumes of natural gas that we gather, process and transport.

Hydraulic fracturing is a process used by oil and gas exploration and production operators in the completion of certain oil and gas wells whereby water, sand and chemicals are injected under pressure into subsurface formations to stimulate gas and, to a lesser extent, oil production. Due to concerns that hydraulic fracturing may adversely affect drinking water supplies, the EPA recently announced a plan to conduct a comprehensive research study to investigate the potential adverse impact that hydraulic fracturing may have on water quality and public health. The initial study results are expected to be available in late 2012. Additionally, legislation was introduced in the U.S. Congress to amend the federal Safe Drinking Water Act to regulate hydraulic fracturing and to require the disclosure of chemicals used by the oil and gas industry in the hydraulic fracturing process. If enacted, such a provision could require hydraulic fracturing activities to meet permitting and financial assurance requirements, adhere to certain construction specifications, fulfill monitoring, reporting and recordkeeping requirements and meet plugging and abandonment requirements. Unrelated oil spill legislation considered by the U.S. Senate in the aftermath of the April 2010 Macondo well release in the Gulf of Mexico contained a provision that would require natural gas drillers to disclose the chemicals they pump into the ground as part of the hydraulic fracturing process. Aside from these federal initiatives, several states have moved to require disclosure of fracturing fluid components or otherwise to regulate their use more closely. Disclosure of chemicals used in the fracturing process could make it easier for third parties opposing hydraulic fracturing to initiate legal proceedings based on allegations that specific chemicals used in the fracturing process could adversely affect groundwater. Adoption of legislation or of any implementing regulations placing restrictions on hydraulic fracturing activities could impose operational delays, increased operating costs and additional regulatory burdens on exploration and production operators, which could reduce their production of natural gas and, in turn, adversely affect our revenues and results of operations by decreasing the volumes of natural gas that we gather, process and transport.

Some portions of our current gathering infrastructure and other assets have been in use for many decades, which may adversely affect our business.

Some portions of our assets, including our gathering infrastructure, have been in use for many decades. The current age and condition of our assets could result in a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations if the costs of maintaining our facilities exceed current expectations.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR STRUCTURE

Our General Partner is owned by ETE, which also owns the general partner of ETP. This may result in conflicts of interest.

ETE owns our General Partner and as a result controls us. ETE also owns the general partner of Energy Transfer Partners, L.P., or ETP, a publicly-traded partnership with which we compete in the natural gas gathering, processing and transportation business. The directors and officers of our General Partner and its affiliates have fiduciary duties to manage our General Partner in a manner that is beneficial to ETE, its sole owner. At the same time, our General Partner has fiduciary duties to manage us in a manner that is beneficial to our unitholders. Therefore, our General Partner’s duties to us may conflict with the duties of its officers and directors to its sole owner. As a result of these conflicts of interest, our General Partner may favor its own interest or those of ETE, ETP, or their owners or affiliates over the interest of our unitholders.

Such conflicts may arise from, among others, the following:

 

 

 

Decisions by our General Partner regarding the amount and timing of our cash expenditures, borrowings and issuances of additional limited partnership units or other securities can affect the amount of incentive compensation payments we make to the parent company of our General Partner;

 

 

 

ETE and ETP and their affiliates may engage in substantial competition with us;

 

 

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Neither our partnership agreement nor any other agreement requires ETE or its affiliates, including ETP, to pursue a business strategy that favors us. The directors and officers of the general partners of ETE and ETP have a fiduciary duty to make decisions in the best interest of their members, limited partners and unitholders, which may be contrary to our best interests;

 

 

 

Our General Partner is allowed to take into account the interests of other parties, such as ETE and ETP and their affiliates, which has the effect of limiting its fiduciary duties to our unitholders;

 

 

 

Some of the directors and officers of ETE who provide advice to us also may devote significant time to the business of ETE and ETP and their affiliates and will be compensated by them for their services;

 

 

 

Our partnership agreement limits the liability and reduces the fiduciary duties of our General Partner, while also restricting the remedies available to our unitholders for actions that, without these limitations, might constitute breaches of fiduciary duty;

 

 

 

Our General Partner determines the amount and timing of asset purchases and sales and other acquisitions, operating expenditures, capital expenditures, borrowings, repayments of debt, issuances of equity and debt securities and cash reserves, each of which can affect the amount of cash available for distribution to our unitholders;

 

 

 

Our General Partner determines which costs, including allocated overhead costs and costs under the services agreement we have with Service Co., incurred by it and its affiliates are reimbursable by us; and

 

 

 

Our partnership agreement does not restrict our General Partner from causing us to pay it or its affiliates for any services rendered on terms that are fair and reasonable to us or entering into additional contractual arrangements, such as the services agreement we have with an affiliate of ETE, with any of these entities on our behalf.

Specifically, certain conflicts may arise as a result of our pursuing acquisitions or development opportunities that may also be advantageous to ETP. If we are limited in our ability to pursue such opportunities, we may not realize any or all of the commercial value of such opportunities. In addition, if ETP is allowed access to our information concerning any such opportunity and ETP uses this information to pursue the opportunity to our detriment, we may not realize any of the commercial value of this opportunity. In either of these situations, our business, results of operations and the amount of our distributions to our unitholders may be adversely affected. Although we, ETE and ETP have adopted a policy to address these conflicts and to limit the commercially sensitive information that we furnish to ETE, ETP and their affiliates, we cannot assure unitholders that such conflicts will not occur.

Our reimbursement of our General Partner’s expenses will reduce our cash available for distribution to common unitholders.

Prior to making any distribution on the common units, we will reimburse our General Partner and its affiliates for all expenses they incur on our behalf. These expenses will include all costs incurred by our General Partner and its affiliates in managing and operating us, including costs for rendering corporate staff and support services to us. The reimbursement of expenses incurred by our General Partner and its affiliates could adversely affect our ability to pay cash distributions to our unitholders.

Our partnership agreement limits our General Partner’s fiduciary duties to our unitholders and restricts the remedies available to unitholders for actions taken by our General Partner that might otherwise constitute breaches of fiduciary duty.

Our partnership agreement contains provisions that reduce the standards to which our General Partner might otherwise be held by state fiduciary duty law. For example, our partnership agreement:

 

 

 

Permits our General Partner to make a number of decisions in its individual capacity, as opposed to its capacity as our General Partner. This entitles our General Partner to consider only the interests and factors that it desires, and it has no duty or obligation to give any consideration to any interest of, or

 

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factors affecting us, our affiliates or any limited partner. Examples include the exercise of its limited call right, its voting rights with respect to the units it owns, its registration rights and its determination whether or not to consent to any merger or consolidation of the partnership;

 

 

 

provides that our General Partner will not have any liability to us or our unitholders for decisions made in its capacity as a General Partner so long as it acted in good faith, meaning it believed the decision was in the best interests of our partnership;

 

 

 

provides generally that affiliated transactions and resolutions of conflicts of interest not approved by the conflicts committee of our General Partner and not involving a vote of unitholders must be on terms no less favorable to us than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties or be “fair and reasonable” to us, as determined by our General Partner in good faith, and that, in determining whether a transaction or resolution is “fair and reasonable,” our General Partner may consider the totality of the relationships between the parties involved, including other transactions that may be particularly advantageous or beneficial to us; and

 

 

 

provides that our General Partner and its officers and directors will not be liable for monetary damages to us or our limited partners for any acts or omissions unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment entered by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that the General Partner or those other persons acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct.

Any unitholder is bound by the provisions in the partnership agreement, including the provisions discussed above.

Unitholders have limited voting rights and are not entitled to elect our General Partner or its directors.

Unlike the holders of common stock in a corporation, unitholders have only limited voting rights on matters affecting our business and, therefore, limited ability to influence management’s decisions regarding our business. Unitholders do not elect our General Partner or its Board of Directors and have no right to elect our General Partner or its Board of Directors on an annual or other continuing basis. The Board of Directors of our General Partner is chosen by the members of our General Partner. Furthermore, if the unitholders are dissatisfied with the performance of our General Partner, they will have little ability to remove our General Partner. As a result of these limitations, the price at which our common units trade could be diminished because of the absence or reduction of a takeover premium in the trading price.

Even if unitholders are dissatisfied, they cannot remove our General Partner without its consent.

Our unitholders may be unable to remove the General Partner without its consent because the General Partner and its affiliates own a substantial number of common units. A vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3 percent of all outstanding units voting together as a single class is required to remove the General Partner. As of February 10, 2011, affiliates of our General Partner owned 19.1 percent of the total of our common units.

Our partnership agreement restricts the voting rights of those unitholders owning 20 percent or more of our common units.

Unitholders’ voting rights are further restricted by the partnership agreement provision providing that any units held by a person that owns 20 percent or more of any class of units then outstanding, other than our General Partner, its affiliates, their transferees, and persons who acquired such units with the prior approval of our General Partner, cannot vote on any matter. Our partnership agreement also contains provisions limiting the ability of unitholders to call meetings or to acquire information about our operations, as well as other provisions limiting our unitholders’ ability to influence the manner or direction of our management.

Control of our General Partner may be transferred to a third party without unitholder consent.

Our General Partner may transfer its general partner interest in us to a third party in a merger or in a sale of all or substantially all of its assets without the consent of our unitholders. Furthermore, our partnership agreement does not restrict the ability of the partners of our General Partner from transferring their ownership in our

 

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General Partner to a third party. The new partners of our General Partner would then be in a position to replace the Board of Directors and officers of our General Partner with their own choices and to control the decisions taken by the Board of Directors and officers.

We may issue an unlimited number of additional units without unitholders’ approval, which would dilute the ownership interest of existing unitholders.

Our General Partner, without the approval of our unitholders, may cause us to issue an unlimited number of additional common units or other equity securities. The issuance by us of additional common units or other equity securities of equal or senior rank will have the following effects:

 

 

 

our unitholders’ proportionate ownership interest in us will decrease;

 

 

 

the amount of cash available for distribution on each unit may decrease;

 

 

 

the relative voting strength of each previously outstanding unit may be diminished; and

 

 

 

the market price of the common units may decline.

Our General Partner has a limited call right that may require unitholders to sell their units at an undesirable time or price.

If at any time our General Partner and its affiliates own more than 80 percent of the common units, our General Partner will have the right, but not the obligation (which it may assign to any of its affiliates or to us) to acquire all, but not less than all, of the common units held by unaffiliated persons at a price not less than their then-current market price. As a result, unitholders may be required to sell their common units at an undesirable time or price and may not receive any return on their investment. Unitholders may also incur a tax liability upon a sale of their units. As of February 10, 2011, affiliates of our General Partner owned 19.1 percent of the total of our common units.

Unitholders may not have limited liability if a court finds that unitholder actions constitute control of our business.

Under Delaware law, a unitholder could be held liable for our obligations to the same extent as a general partner if a court determined that the right of unitholders to remove our General Partner or to take other action under our partnership agreement constituted participation in the “control” of our business.

Our General Partner generally has unlimited liability for our obligations, such as our debts and environmental liabilities, except for those contractual obligations that are expressly made without recourse to our General Partner. Our partnership agreement allows the general partner to incur obligations on our behalf that are expressly non-recourse to the general partner. The general partner has entered into such limited recourse obligations in most instances involving payment liability and intends to do so in the future.

In addition, Section 17-607 of the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act provides that under some circumstances, a unitholder may be liable to us for the amount of a distribution for a period of three years from the date of the distribution.

We have a holding company structure in which our subsidiaries conduct our operations and own our operating assets. Additionally, we are not able to control the amounts of cash that HPC or MEP may distribute to us.

We are a holding company, and our subsidiaries conduct all of our operations and own all of our operating assets. We have no significant assets other than the partnership interests and the equity in our subsidiaries. As a result, our ability to make required payments on our debt obligations and distributions on our common units depends on the performance of our subsidiaries and their ability to distribute funds to us. The ability of our subsidiaries to make distributions to us may be restricted by, among other things, our revolving credit facility and applicable state partnership laws and other laws and regulations. Pursuant to our revolving credit facility, we may be required to establish cash reserves for the future repayment of outstanding letters of credit under our revolving

 

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credit facility. If we are unable to obtain the funds necessary to pay the principal amount at maturity of our debt obligations, to repurchase our debt obligations upon the occurrence of a change of control or make distributions on our common units, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as a refinancing of our debt obligations or borrowing funds to make distributions on our common units. We cannot assure unitholders that we would be able to borrow funds to make distributions on our common units.

Additionally, the ability of our 49.99 percent owned unconsolidated subsidiary, HPC, and our 49.9 percent owned unconsolidated subsidiary, MEP, to make distributions to us may be restricted by, among other things, the terms of each such entity’s partnership or limited liability company agreement, as applicable, and any debt instruments entered into by such entity as well as applicable state partnership or limited liability company laws, as applicable, and other laws and regulations. Specifically, the management committee of HPC is entitled to determine the amount of cash that is distributed to its partners, which includes a determination of what cash reserves are necessary for the operation of the business of HPC. The management committee consists of four members. Each partner of HPC has appointed one management committee member, and each member has a vote equal to the sharing ratio of the partner that appointed such member. Cash distributions to us by HPC require the approval of at least 75 percent of the votes entitled to be cast by the management committee members. Additionally, under MEP’s limited liability company agreement, MEP is required to make monthly distributions to its members of all available cash. The amount of available cash is determined by MEP’s board of directors which consists of three members, one appointed by each member of MEP. Decisions relating to available cash require the approval of directors appointed by members collectively holding 65 percent or more of the membership interests at the time such action is taken. Accordingly, we are not able to control the amounts of cash that HPC or MEP may distribute to us.

The credit and risk profile of our General Partner and its owners could adversely affect our credit ratings and profile.

The credit and business risk profiles of our General Partner, and of ETE as the indirect owner of our General Partner, may be factors in credit evaluations of us as a publicly traded limited partnership due to the significant influence of our General Partner and ETE over our business activities, including our cash distributions, acquisition strategy and business risk profile. Another factor that may be considered is the financial condition of our General Partner and its owners, including the degree of their financial leverage and their dependence on cash flow from us to service their indebtedness.

ETE has significant indebtedness outstanding and is dependent principally on the cash distributions from its general and limited partner equity interests in us and ETP to service such indebtedness. Any distributions by us to ETE will be made only after satisfying our then current obligations to our creditors. Although we have taken certain steps in our organizational structure, financial reporting and contractual relationships to reflect the separateness of us and our General Partner from the entities that control our General Partner (ETE and its general partner), our credit ratings and business risk profile could be adversely affected if the ratings and risk profiles of such entities were viewed as substantially lower or riskier than ours.

TAX RISKS

Our tax treatment depends on our status as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, as well as our not being subject to a material amount of entity-level taxation by individual states or local entities. If the IRS treats us as a corporation or we become subject to a material amount of entity-level taxation for state or local tax purposes, it would substantially reduce the amount of cash available for payment for distributions on our common units.

If we were treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, we would pay federal income tax on our income at the corporate tax rate, which is currently a maximum of 35 percent, and would likely pay state and local income tax at varying rates. Distributions to our common unitholders would generally be taxed again as corporate distributions, and no income, gains, losses or deductions would flow through to unitholders. Because a

 

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tax would be imposed upon us as a corporation, our cash available for distribution to our common unitholders would be substantially reduced. Therefore, treatment of us as a corporation would result in a material reduction in the anticipated cash flow and after-tax return to the unitholders, likely causing a substantial reduction in the value of the units.

Current law may change so as to cause us to be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes or otherwise subject us to entity-level taxation. At the federal level, legislation has recently been considered that would have eliminated partnership tax treatment for certain publicly traded partnerships. Although such legislation would not have applied to us as proposed, it could be reintroduced in a manner that does apply to us. We are unable to predict whether any of these changes or other proposals will be reintroduced or will ultimately be enacted. Any such changes could negatively impact the value of an investment in our common units. At the state level, because of widespread state budget deficits and other reasons, several states are evaluating ways to subject partnerships to entity-level taxation through the imposition of state income, franchise and other forms of taxation. For example, we are required to pay a Texas margin tax. Imposition of such a tax on us by Texas, and, if applicable, by any other state, will reduce our cash available for distribution to our common unitholders.

Our partnership agreement provides that if a law is enacted or existing law is modified or interpreted in a manner that subjects us to taxation as a corporation or otherwise subjects us to entity-level taxation for federal, state or local income tax purposes, the minimum quarterly distribution amount and the target distribution amounts may be reduced to reflect the impact of that law on us.

A successful IRS contest of the federal income tax positions we take may adversely affect the market for our common units, and the cost of any IRS contest will reduce our cash available for distribution to you.

The IRS may adopt positions that differ from the positions we take. It may be necessary to resort to administrative or court proceedings to sustain some or all of the positions we take. A court may not agree with all of the positions we take. Any contest with the IRS may materially and adversely impact the market for our common units and the price at which they trade. In addition, our costs of any contest with the IRS will be borne indirectly by our unitholders and our General Partner because the costs will reduce our cash available for distribution.

Unitholders may be required to pay taxes on income from us even if you do not receive any cash distributions from us.

Because our unitholders will be treated as partners to whom we will allocate taxable income that could be different in amount than the cash we distribute, they will be required to pay any federal income taxes and, in some cases, state and local income taxes on their share of our taxable income even if they receive no cash distributions from us. Our unitholders may not receive cash distributions from us equal to their share of our taxable income or even equal to the tax liability that results from that income.

Tax gain or loss on disposition of common units could be more or less than expected.

If a unitholder sells his common units, he will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized and his tax basis in those common units. Prior distributions to a unitholder in excess of the total net taxable income he was allocated for a common unit, which decreased his tax basis in that common unit, will, in effect, become taxable income to him if the common unit is sold at a price greater than his tax basis in that common unit, even if the price is less than his original cost. A substantial portion of the amount realized, whether or not representing gain, may be ordinary income. In addition, because the amount realized includes a unitholder’s share of our nonrecourse liabilities, if a unitholder sells his common units, he may incur a tax liability in excess of the amount of cash he receives from the sale.

Tax-exempt entities and non-U.S. persons face unique tax issues from owning common units that may result in adverse tax consequences to them.

Investment in common units by tax-exempt entities, such as individual retirement accounts (known as IRAs), other retirement plans and non-U.S. persons raises issues unique to them. For example, virtually all of our income

 

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allocated to organizations that are exempt from federal income tax, including IRAs and other retirement plans, will be unrelated business taxable income and will be taxable to them. Distributions to non-U.S. persons will be reduced by withholding taxes at the highest applicable effective tax rate, and non-U.S. persons will be required to file United States federal tax returns and pay tax on their share of our taxable income. If a unitholder is a tax-exempt entity or a non-U.S. person, he should consult his tax advisor before investing in our common units.

We will treat each purchaser of our common units as having the same tax benefits without regard to the actual common units purchased. The IRS may challenge this treatment, which could adversely affect the value of the common units.

Because we cannot match transferors and transferees of common units and because of other reasons, we will take depreciation and amortization positions that may not conform to all aspects of existing Treasury regulations. A successful IRS challenge to those positions could adversely affect the amount of tax deductions available to a unitholder. It also could affect the timing of these tax deductions or the amount of gain from the sale of common units and could have a negative impact on the value of our common units or result in audit adjustments to a unitholder’s tax returns.

We prorate our items of income, gain, loss and deduction between transferors and transferees of our units each month based upon the ownership of our units on the first day of each month, instead of on the basis of the date a particular unit is transferred. The IRS may challenge this treatment, which could change the allocation of items of income, gain, loss and deduction among our unitholders.

We prorate our items of income, gain, loss and deduction between transferors and transferees of our units each month based upon the ownership of our units on the first day of each month, instead of on the basis of the date a particular unit is transferred. The use of this proration method may not be permitted under existing Treasury Regulations. However, recently proposed Treasury Regulations provide a safe harbor for publicly traded partnerships pursuant to which a similar monthly convention is allowed. Existing publicly traded partnerships are entitled to rely on these proposed Treasury Regulations; however they are not binding on the IRS and are subject to change until final Treasury Regulations are issued. Accordingly, if the IRS were to challenge our method of allocating income, gain, loss and deduction between transferors and transferees, or new Treasury Regulations were issued, we may be required to change the allocation of items of income, gain, loss and deduction among our unitholders.

A unitholder whose units are loaned to a “short seller” to cover a short sale of units may be considered as having disposed of those units. If so, he would no longer be treated for tax purposes as a partner with respect to those units during the period of the loan and may recognize gain or loss from the disposition.

Because a unitholder whose units are loaned to a “short seller” to cover a short sale of units may be considered as having disposed of the loaned units, he may no longer be treated for tax purposes as a partner with respect to those units during the period of the loan to the short seller and the unitholder may recognize gain or loss from such disposition. Moreover, during the period of the loan to the short seller, any of our income, gain, loss or deduction with respect to those units may not be reportable by the unitholder and any cash distributions received by the unitholder as to those units could be fully taxable as ordinary income. Unitholders desiring to assure their status as partners and avoid the risk of gain recognition from a loan to a short seller are urged to modify any applicable brokerage account agreements to prohibit their brokers from borrowing their units.

We have adopted certain valuation and allocation methodologies that may result in a shift of income, gain, loss and deduction between the general partner and the unitholders. The IRS may challenge this treatment, which could adversely affect the value of the common units.

When we issue additional units or engage in certain other transactions, we determine the fair market value of our assets and allocate any unrealized gain or loss attributable to our assets to the capital accounts of our unitholders and our General Partner. Our methodology may be viewed as understating the value of our assets. In

 

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that case, there may be a shift of income, gain, loss and deduction between certain unitholders and the general partner, which may be unfavorable to such unitholders. Moreover, under our current valuation methods, subsequent purchasers of common units may have a greater portion of their Internal Revenue Code Section 743(b) adjustment allocated to our tangible assets and a lesser portion allocated to our intangible assets. The IRS may challenge our valuation methods, or our allocation of the Section 743(b) adjustment attributable to our tangible and intangible assets, and allocations of income, gain, loss and deduction between the general partner and certain of our unitholders.

In addition, for purposes of determining the amount of the unrealized gain or loss to be allocated to the capital accounts of our unitholders and our General Partner, we will reduce the fair market value of our property (to the extent of any unrealized income or gain in our property that has not previously been reflected in the capital accounts) to reflect the incremental share of such fair market value that would be attributable to the holders of our outstanding convertible redeemable preferred units if all of such convertible redeemable preferred units were converted into common units as of such date. Consequently, a holder of common units may be allocated less unrealized gain in connection with an adjustment of the capital accounts than such holder would have been allocated if there were no outstanding convertible redeemable preferred units. Following the conversion of our convertible redeemable preferred units into common units, items of gross income and gain (or gross loss and deduction) will be specially allocated to the holders of such common units to reflect differences between the capital accounts maintained with respect to such convertible redeemable preferred units and the capital accounts maintained with respect to common units. This method of maintaining capital accounts and allocating income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to the convertible redeemable preferred units is intended to comply with proposed Treasury Regulations. However, these proposed Treasury Regulations are not legally binding and are subject to change until final Treasury Regulations are issued. Accordingly, we may be required to change the allocation of items of income, gain, loss and deduction among our unitholders.

A successful IRS challenge to these methods or allocations could adversely affect the amount of taxable income or loss being allocated to our unitholders. It also could affect the amount of gain from our unitholders’ sale of common units and could have a negative impact on the value of the common units or result in audit adjustments to our unitholders’ tax returns without the benefit of additional deductions.

The sale or exchange of 50 percent or more of our capital and profits interests during any twelve-month period will result in the termination of our partnership for federal income tax purposes.

We will be considered to have terminated for federal income tax purposes if there is a sale or exchange of 50 percent or more of the total interests in our capital and profits within a twelve-month period. For purposes of determining whether the 50 percent threshold has been reached, multiple sales of the same unit will be counted only once. Although a termination likely will cause our unitholders to realize an increased amount of taxable income as a percentage of the cash distributed to them, we anticipate that the ratio of taxable income to distributions for future years will return to levels commensurate with our prior tax periods. However, any future termination of our partnership could have similar consequences. Additionally, in the case of a unitholder reporting on a taxable year other than a fiscal year ending December 31, the closing of our taxable year may result in more than twelve months of our taxable income or loss being includable in his taxable income for the year of termination. The position that there was a partnership termination does not affect our classification as a partnership for federal income tax purposes; however, we are treated as a new partnership for tax purposes. If treated as a new partnership, we must make new tax elections and could be subject to penalties if we are unable to prevail that a termination occurred. The IRS has recently announced a publicly traded partnership technical termination relief program whereby, if a publicly traded partnership that technically terminates requests publicly traded partnership technical termination relief and such relief is granted by the IRS, among other things, the partnership will only have to provide one Schedule K-1 to unitholders for the year notwithstanding two partnership tax years.

 

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You may be subject to state and local taxes and tax return filing requirements.

In addition to federal income taxes, you will likely be subject to other taxes, including state and local taxes, unincorporated business taxes and estate, inheritance or intangible taxes that are imposed by the various jurisdictions in which we do business or own property, even if you do not live in any of those jurisdictions. You will likely be required to file state and local income tax returns and pay state and local income taxes in some or all of these jurisdictions. Further, you may be subject to penalties for failure to comply with those requirements. We own assets and do business in Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Louisiana, West Virginia, Arkansas, Colorado and Pennsylvania. Each of these states, other than Texas, currently imposes a personal income tax as well as an income tax on corporations and other entities. Texas imposes a margin tax on corporations, limited partnerships, limited liability partnerships and limited liability companies. As we make acquisitions or expand our business, we may own assets or do business in additional states that impose a personal income tax. It is your responsibility to file all United States federal, foreign, state and local tax returns required as a result of being a unitholder.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 2. Properties

Substantially all of our pipelines (including those of RIG and MEP), which are located in Texas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Mississippi, Alabama and Kansas, are constructed on rights-of-way granted by the apparent record owners of the property. Lands over which pipeline rights-of-way have been obtained may be subject to prior liens that have not been subordinated to the right-of-way grants. We have obtained, where necessary, easement agreements from public authorities and railroad companies to cross over or under, or to lay facilities in or along, watercourses, county roads, municipal streets, railroad properties and state highways, as applicable. In some cases, properties on which our pipelines were built were purchased in fee. These pipelines are used in our gathering and processing segment and in our corporate and others segment.

We believe that we have satisfactory title to all our assets. Record title to some of our assets may continue to be held by prior owners until we have made the appropriate filings in the jurisdictions in which such assets are located. Obligations under our credit facility are secured by substantially all of our assets and are guaranteed by the Partnership. Title to our assets may also be subject to other encumbrances. We believe that none of such encumbrances should materially detract from the value of our properties or our interest in those properties or should materially interfere with our use of them in the operation of our business.

Our executive offices occupy two entire floors in an office building at 2001 Bryan Street, Suite 3700, Dallas, Texas, 75201, under a lease that expires on October 31, 2019. We also maintain regional offices located on leased premises in Louisiana, Texas and Arkansas. While we may require additional office space as our business expands, we believe that our existing facilities are adequate to meet our needs for the immediate future, and that additional facilities will be available on commercially reasonable terms as needed.

For additional information regarding our properties, please read “Item 1. Business.”

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

We are subject to a variety of risks and disputes normally incident to our business. As a result, we may, at any given time, be a defendant in various legal proceedings and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. Neither the Partnership nor any of its subsidiaries is, however, currently a party to any material pending or, to our knowledge, threatened material legal or governmental proceedings, including proceedings under any of the various environmental protection statutes to which they are subject.

 

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We maintain insurance policies with insurers in amounts and with coverages and deductibles that we, with the advice of our insurance advisors and brokers, believe are reasonable and prudent. We cannot, however, assure you that this insurance will be adequate to protect us from all material expenses related to potential future claims for personal and property damage or that these levels of insurance will be available in the future at economical prices.

For a description of legal proceedings, see Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements.

Item 4. (Removed and Reserved)

 

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Part II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Unitholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Market Price of and Distributions on the Common Units and Related Unitholder Matters

Our common units were first offered and sold to the public on February 3, 2006. Our common units are listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “RGNC.” As of February 10, 2011, the number of holders of record of common units was 37, with 110,377,542 units held in street name. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low quarterly sales prices per common unit, as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, and the cash distributions declared per common unit.

 

     Price Ranges      Cash
Distributions
 

Period

   High      Low      (per unit)  

2010

        

First Quarter(1)

     23.19         20.00         0.4450   

Second Quarter(1)

     24.57         20.43         0.4450   

Third Quarter(1)

     26.45         23.54         0.4450   

Fourth Quarter(1)

     27.26         24.33         0.4450   

2009

        

First Quarter

     12.89         8.08         0.4450   

Second Quarter

     14.68         11.00         0.4450   

Third Quarter(1)

     19.65         14.07         0.4450   

Fourth Quarter(1)

     21.00         18.56         0.4450   

 

(1)

Excludes the Series A Preferred Units which began receiving fixed quarterly cash distributions of $0.445 beginning with the quarter ending March 31, 2010.

Cash Distribution Policy

We distribute to our unitholders, on a quarterly basis, all of our available cash in the manner described below. If we do not have sufficient cash to pay our distributions as well as satisfy our other operational and financial obligations, our General Partner has the ability to reduce or eliminate the distribution paid on our common units so that we may satisfy such obligations, including payments on our debt instruments.

Available cash generally means, for any quarter ending prior to liquidation of the Partnership, all cash on hand at the end of that quarter less the amount of cash reserves that are necessary or appropriate in the reasonable discretion of the General Partner to:

 

 

 

provide for the proper conduct of our business;

 

 

 

comply with applicable law or any partnership debt instrument or other agreement; or

 

 

 

provide funds for distributions to unitholders and the General Partner in respect of any one or more of the next four quarters.

 

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In addition to distributions on its two percent General Partner interest, our General Partner is entitled to receive incentive distributions if the amount we distribute with respect to any quarter exceeds levels specified in the following table.

 

    

Quarterly Distribution Per Unit
Target Amount

   Marginal Percentage
Interest in Distributions
 
        Unitholders      General
Partner
     Incentive
Distribution
Rights
 

Minimum Quarterly Distribution

  

$0.35

     98         2         —     

First Target Distribution

  

up to $0.4025

     98         2         —     

Second Target Distribution

  

above $0.4025 up to $0.4375

     85         2         13   

Third Target Distribution

  

above $0.4375 up to $0.5250

     75         2         23   

Thereafter

  

above $0.5250

     50         2         48   

Under the terms of the agreements governing our debt, we are prohibited from declaring or paying any distribution to unitholders if a default or event of default (as defined in such agreements) exists. See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources” for further discussion regarding the restrictions on distributions.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

 

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The historical financial information presented below for the Partnership was derived from our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the periods presented below. See “Item 7. Management’s Discussions and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Recent Developments” for a discussion of why our results may not be comparable, either from period to period or going forward.

 

    Successor           Predecessor  
    Period from
Acquisition
(May 26,
2010) to
December 31,
2010
          Period from
January 1,
2010 to
May 25,
2010
    Year Ended
December 31,
2009
    Year Ended
December 31,
2008
    Year Ended
December 31,
2007
    Year Ended
December 31,
2006
 
    (in thousands
except per
unit data)
          (in thousands except per unit data)  

Statement of Operations Data:

               

Total revenues

  $ 716,613          $ 505,050      $ 1,043,277      $ 1,785,263      $ 1,138,205      $ 862,216   

Total operating costs and expense

    702,054            484,919        816,703        1,635,520        1,084,723        826,435   
                                                   

Operating income

    14,559            20,131        226,574        149,743        53,482        35,781   

Other income and deductions:

               

Income from unconsolidated subsidiaries

    53,493            15,872        7,886        —          —          —     

Interest expense, net

    (48,251         (34,541     (77,665     (62,940     (51,851     (37,182

Loss on debt refinancing, net

    (15,748         (1,780     —          —          (21,200     (10,761

Other income and deductions, net

    (8,229         (3,897     (15,132     328        1,249        839   
                                                   

(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes

    (4,176         (4,215     141,663        87,131        (18,320     (11,323

Income tax expense (benefit)

    552            404        (1,095     (266     931        —     
                                                   

(Loss) income from continuing operations

  $ (4,728       $ (4,619   $ 142,758      $ 87,397      $ (19,251   $ (11,323

Discontinued operations

               

Net (loss) income from operations of east Texas assets

    (1,244         (327     (2,269     13,931        5,720        4,079   
                                                   

Net (loss) income

    (5,972         (4,946     140,489        101,328        (13,531     (7,244

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

    (156         (406     (91     (312     (305     —     
                                                   

Net (loss) income attributable to Regency Energy Partners LP

  $ (6,128       $ (5,352   $ 140,398      $ 101,016      $ (13,836   $ (7,244
                                                   

Less:

               

Net income through January 31, 2006

    —              —          —          —          —          1,564   
                                                   

Net (loss) income for partners

  $ (6,128       $ (5,352   $ 140,398      $ 101,016      $ (13,836   $ (8,808
                                                   

Amounts attributable to Series A convertible redeemable preferred units

    4,651            3,336        3,995        —          —          —     

General partner’s interest, including IDRs

    2,800            662        5,252        4,303        (366     (164

Amount allocated to non-vested common units

    —              (79     965        869        (103     (110

Beneficial conversion feature for Class C common units

    —              —          —          —          1,385        3,587   

Beneficial conversion feature for Class D common units

    —              —          820        7,199        —          —     

Amount allocated to Class B common units

    —              —          —          —          —          (886

Amount allocated to Class E common units

    —              —          —          —          5,792        —     
                                                   

Limited partners’ interest in net (loss) income

  $ (13,579       $ (9,271   $ 129,366      $ 88,645      $ (20,544   $ (11,235
                                                   

Basic and diluted (loss) income from continuing operations per unit:

               

Basic (loss) income from continuing operations per common and subordinated unit

  $ (0.09       $ (0.10   $ 1.63      $ 1.14      $ (0.51   $ (0.42

 

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Table of Contents
    Successor           Predecessor  
    Period from
Acquisition
(May 26,
2010) to
December 31,
2010
          Period from
January 1,
2010 to
May 25,
2010
    Year Ended
December 31,
2009
    Year Ended
December 31,
2008
    Year Ended
December 31,
2007
    Year Ended
December 31,
2006
 
    (in thousands
except per
unit data)
          (in thousands except per unit data)  

Diluted (loss) income from continuing operations per common and subordinated unit

  $ (0.09       $ (0.10   $ 1.63      $ 1.10      $ (0.51   $ (0.42

Cash distributions declared per common and subordinated unit

    0.89            0.89        1.78        1.71        1.52        0.94   

Basic and diluted (loss) income on discontinued operations per unit

  $ (0.01       $ —        $ (0.03   $ 0.21      $ 0.11      $ 0.11   

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per unit:

               

Basic net (loss) income per common and subordinated unit

  $ (0.10       $ (0.10   $ 1.61      $ 1.34      $ (0.40   $ (0.29

Diluted net (loss) income per common and subordinated unit

    (0.10         (0.10     1.60        1.28        (0.40     (0.29

Basic and diluted net loss per Class B common unit

    —              —          —          —          —          (0.17

Cash distributions declared per Class B common unit

    —              —          —          —          —          —     

Income per Class C common unit due to beneficial conversion feature

    —              —          —          —          0.48        1.26   

Cash distributions declared per Class C common unit

    —              —          —          —          —          —     

Income per Class D common unit due to beneficial conversion feature

    —              —          0.11        0.99        —          —     

Cash distributions declared per Class D common unit

    —              —          —          —          —          —     

Basic and diluted net income per Class E common units

    —              —          —          —          1.23        —     

Cash distributions per Class E common unit

    —              —          —          —          2.06        —     

 

    Successor           Predecessor  
    December 31,
2010
          December 31,
2009
    December 31,
2008
    December 31,
2007
    December 31,
2006
 
    (in thousands)           (in thousands)  

Balance Sheet Data (at period end):

             

Property, plant and equipment, net

  $ 1,660,218          $ 1,456,435      $ 1,703,554      $ 913,109      $ 734,034   

Total assets

    4,770,204            2,533,414        2,458,639        1,278,410        1,013,085   

Long-term debt (long-term portion only)

    1,141,061            1,014,299        1,126,229        481,500        664,700   

Series A convertible redeemable preferred units

    70,943            51,711        —          —          —     

Partners’ capital

    3,294,402            1,243,010        1,099,413        568,186        212,657   

 

    Successor           Predecessor  
    Period from
Acquisition
(May 26,
2010) to
December 31,
2010
          Period from
January 1,
2010 to
May 25,
2010
    Year Ended
December 31,
2009
    Year Ended
December 31,
2008
    Year Ended
December 31,
2007
    Year Ended
December 31,
2006
 
    (in thousands)           (in thousands)  

Cash Flow Data:

               

Net cash flows provided by (used in):

               

Operating activities

  $ 79,786          $ 89,421      $ 143,960      $ 181,298      $ 79,529      $ 44,156   

Investing activities

    (296,429         (148,450     (156,165     (948,629     (157,933     (223,650

Financing activities

    203,059            72,186        21,433        734,959        99,443        184,947   

Other Financial Data:

               

Adjusted total segment margin(1)

  $ 235,319          $ 154,422      $ 361,182      $ 402,143      $ 200,970      $ 133,770   

Adjusted EBITDA(1)

    218,162            108,794        210,994        259,327        157,769        95,717   

Maintenance capital expenditures

    6,881            7,880        20,170        18,247        8,764        16,433   

 

(1)

See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for a reconciliation to its most directly comparable GAAP measure.

 

47


Table of Contents

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We include in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” the following non-GAAP financial measures: EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, total segment margin, and adjusted total segment margin. We provide reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable financial measures as calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.

We define EBITDA as net income (loss) plus interest expense, provision for income taxes and depreciation and amortization expense. We define adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA plus or minus the following:

 

 

 

non-cash loss (gain) from commodity and embedded derivatives;

 

 

 

non-cash unit based compensation expenses;

 

 

 

loss (gain) on asset sales, net;

 

 

 

loss on debt refinancing;

 

 

 

other non-cash (income) expense, net; and

 

 

 

the Partnership’s interest in adjusted EBITDA from unconsolidated subsidiaries less income from unconsolidated subsidiaries.

These measures are used as supplemental measures by our management and by external users of our financial statements such as investors, banks, research analysts and others, to assess:

 

 

 

financial performance of our assets without regard to financing methods, capital structure or historical cost basis;

 

 

 

the ability of our assets to generate cash sufficient to pay interest costs, support our indebtedness and make cash distributions to our unitholders and General Partner;

 

 

 

our operating performance and return on capital as compared to those of other companies in the midstream energy sector, without regard to financing methods or capital structure; and

 

 

 

the viability of acquisitions and capital expenditure projects and the overall rates of return on alternative investment opportunities.

EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA should not be considered an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income, operating income, cash flows from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with GAAP. Our EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to a similarly titled measure of another company because other entities may not calculate adjusted EBITDA in the same manner.

EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA do not include interest expense, income taxes or depreciation and amortization expense. Because we have borrowed money to finance our operations, interest expense is a necessary element of our costs and our ability to generate cash available for distribution. Because we use capital assets, depreciation and amortization are also necessary elements of our costs. Therefore, any measures that exclude these elements have material limitations. To compensate for these limitations, we believe that it is important to consider both net earnings determined under GAAP, as well as EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA, to evaluate our performance.

We define segment margin, generally, as revenues minus cost of sales. We calculate total segment margin as the total of segment margin of our five segments, less intersegment eliminations. We define adjusted total segment margin as total segment margin adjusted for non-cash (gains) losses from commodity derivatives.

 

 

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Total segment margin and adjusted total segment margin are included as a supplemental disclosure because they are primary performance measures used by our management as they represent the result of product sales, service fee revenues and product purchases, a key component of our operations. We believe total segment margin and adjusted total segment margin are important measures because they are directly related to our volumes and commodity price changes. Operation and maintenance expense is a separate measure used by management to evaluate operating performance of field operations. Direct labor, insurance, property taxes, repair and maintenance, utilities and contract services comprise the most significant portion of our operation and maintenance expenses. These expenses are largely independent of the volumes we transport or process and fluctuate depending on the activities performed during a specific period. We do not deduct operation and maintenance expenses from total revenue in calculating total segment margin and adjusted total segment margin because we separately evaluate commodity volume and price changes in these margin amounts. As an indicator of our operating performance, total segment margin or adjusted total segment margin should not be considered an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income as determined in accordance with GAAP. Our total segment margin and adjusted total segment margin may not be comparable to a similarly titled measure of another company because other entities may not calculate these amounts in the same manner.

 

 

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Table of Contents
    Successor           Predecessor  
    Period from
Acquisition
(May 26,
2010) to
December 31,
2010
          Period from
January 1,
2010 to
May 25,
2010
    Year Ended
December 31,
2009
    Year Ended
December 31,
2008
    Year Ended
December 31,
2007
    Year Ended
December 31,
2006
 
    (in thousands)           (in thousands)  

Reconciliation of “Adjusted EBITDA” to net cash flows provided by operating activities and to net (loss) income

               

Net cash flows provided by operating activities

  $ 79,786          $ 89,421      $ 143,960      $ 181,298      $ 79,529      $ 44,156   

Add (deduct):

               

Depreciation and amortization, including debt issuance cost amortization and bond premium amortization

    (79,323         (49,363     (116,307     (105,324     (57,069     (39,287

Write-off of debt issuance costs and bond premium

    1,422            (1,780     —          —          (5,078     (10,761

Amortization of excess fair value of unconsolidated subsidiaries

    (3,410         —          —          —          —          —     

Income from unconsolidated subsidiaries

    56,903            15,872        (7,886     —          43        532   

Derivative valuation change

    (33,189         (12,004     (5,163     14,700        (14,667     2,262   

(Loss) gain on assets sales, net

    (268         (303     133,284        (472     (1,522     —     

Unit-based compensation expenses

    (1,827         (12,070     (6,008     (4,306     (15,534     (2,906

Gain on insurance settlements

    —              —          —          3,282        —          —     

Trade accounts receivable, accrued revenues and related party receivables

    401            11,272        (10,727     (18,648     28,789        5,506   

Other current assets

    107            (2,516     (10,471     6,615        1,394        (104

Trade accounts payable, accrued cost of gas and liquids, related party payables, and deferred revenues

    15,302            (8,649     3,762        40,772        (30,089     1,359   

Other current liabilities

    12,853            (22,614     6,726        (12,749     149        (3,640

Proceeds from early termination of interest rate swap

    —              —          —          —          —          (4,940

Amount of swap termination proceeds reclassified into earnings

    —              —          —          —          1,078        3,862   

Distributions received from unconsolidated subsidiaries

    (56,903         (12,446     7,886        —          —          —     

Other assets and liabilities

    2,174            234        1,433        (3,840     (554     (3,283
                                                   

Net (loss) income

    (5,972         (4,946     140,489        101,328        (13,531     (7,244
                                                   

Add (deduct):

               

Interest expense, net

    48,292            34,679        77,996        63,243        52,016        37,182   

Depreciation and amortization

    76,641            46,084        109,893        102,566        55,074        39,654   

Income tax expense (benefit)

    552            404        (1,095     (266     931        —     
                                                   

EBITDA

    119,513            76,221        327,283        266,871        94,490        69,592   
                                                   

Add (deduct):

               

Non-cash loss (gain) from commodity and embedded derivatives

    31,424            11,189        5,163        (14,708     11,500        (6,158

Non-cash unit-based compensation

    1,802            11,925        5,834        4,318        15,535        2,906   

Loss (gain) on assets sales, net

    288            303        (133,284     472        1,522        —     

Income from unconsolidated subsidiaries

    (53,493         (15,872     (7,886     —          —          —     

Partnership’s ownership interest in HPC’s adjusted EBITDA

    45,830            21,184        11,398        —          —          —     

Partnership’s ownership interest in MEP’s adjusted EBITDA

    55,682            —          —          —          —          —     

Loss on debt refinancing, net

    15,748            1,780        —          —          21,200        10,761   

Other expense, net

    1,368            2,064        2,486        2,374        13,522        18,616   
                                                   

Adjusted EBITDA

  $ 218,162          $ 108,794      $ 210,994      $ 259,327      $ 157,769      $ 95,717   
                                                   

 

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Table of Contents
    Successor           Predecessor  
    Period from
Acquisition
(May 26,
2010) to
December 31,
2010
          Period from
January 1,
2010 to
May 25,
2010
    Year Ended
December 31,
2009
    Year Ended
December 31,
2008
    Year Ended
December 31,
2007
    Year Ended
December 31,
2006
 
    (in thousands)           (in thousands)  

Reconciliation of “Adjusted total segment margin” to net (loss) income

               

Net (loss) income

  $ (5,972       $ (4,946   $ 140,489      $ 101,328      $ (13,531   $ (7,244

Add (deduct):

               

Operation and maintenance

    77,808            47,842        117,080        119,715        47,385        29,010   

General and administrative

    43,739            37,212        57,863        51,323        39,713        22,806   

Loss (gain) on assets sales, net

    213            303        (133,282     457        1,522        —     

Management services termination fee

    —              —          —          3,888        —          12,542   

Transaction expenses

    —              —          —          1,620        420        2,041   

Depreciation and amortization

    75,967            41,784        100,098        93,393        46,362        34,090   

Income from unconsolidated subsidiaries

    (53,493         (15,872     (7,886     —          —          —     

Interest expense, net

    48,251            34,541        77,665        62,940        51,851        37,182   

Loss on debt refinancing, net

    15,748            1,780        —          —          21,200        10,761   

Other income and deductions, net

    8,229            3,897        15,132        (328     (1,249     (839

Income tax (benefit) expense

    552            404        (1,095     (266     931        —     

Discontinued operations

    1,244            327        2,269        (13,931     (5,720     (4,079
                                                   

Total segment margin

    212,286            147,272        368,333        420,139        188,884        136,270   
                                                   

Add (deduct):

               

Non-cash loss (gain) from commodity derivatives

    23,033            7,150        (7,151     (17,996     9,027        (6,158

Non-cash put option expiration

    —              —          —          —          3,059        3,658   
                                                   

Adjusted total segment margin

  $ 235,319          $ 154,422      $ 361,182      $ 402,143      $ 200,970      $ 133,770   
                                                   

 

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion analyzes our financial condition and results of operations. You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our historical consolidated financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this document.

We are a growth-oriented publicly-traded Delaware limited partnership formed in 2005 engaged in the gathering, treating, processing, compression and transportation of natural gas and NGLs. We focus on providing midstream services in some of the most prolific natural gas producing regions in the United States, including the Haynesville, Eagle Ford, Barnett, Fayetteville and Marcellus shales as well as the Permian Delaware basin. Our assets are primarily located in Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Pennsylvania, Mississippi, Alabama and the mid-continent region of the United States, which includes Kansas, Colorado and Oklahoma.

We divide our operations into five business segments:

 

 

 

Gathering and Processing. We provide “wellhead-to-market” services to producers of natural gas, which include transporting raw natural gas from the wellhead through gathering systems, processing raw natural gas to separate NGLs and selling or delivering the pipeline-quality natural gas and NGLs to various markets and pipeline systems.

 

 

 

Transportation. We own a 49.99 percent general partner interest in HPC, which owns RIGS, a pipeline that delivers natural gas from northwest Louisiana to downstream pipelines and markets through the 450-mile intrastate natural gas pipeline. We also own a 49.9 percent interest in MEP, which owns an interstate natural gas pipeline with approximately 500 miles stretching from southeast Oklahoma through northeast Texas, northern Louisiana and central Mississippi to an interconnect with the Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line system in Butler, Alabama.

 

 

 

Contract Compression. We own and operate a fleet of compressors used to provide turn-key natural gas compression services for customer specific systems.

 

 

 

Contract Treating. We own and operate a fleet of equipment used to provide treating services, such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide removal, natural gas cooling, dehydration and BTU management, to natural gas producers and midstream pipeline companies.

 

 

 

Corporate and Others. Our Corporate and Others segment comprises a small regulated pipeline and our corporate offices.

Gathering and Processing segment. Results of operations from our Gathering and Processing segment are determined primarily by the volumes of natural gas that we gather and process, our current contract portfolio and natural gas and NGL prices. We measure the performance of this segment primarily by the adjusted segment margin it generates. We gather and process natural gas pursuant to a variety of arrangements generally categorized as “fee-based” arrangements, “percent-of-proceeds” arrangements and “keep-whole” arrangements. Under fee-based arrangements, we earn fixed cash fees for the services that we render. Under the latter two types of arrangements, we generally purchase raw natural gas and sell processed natural gas and NGLs. We regard the adjusted segment margin generated by our sales of natural gas and NGLs under percent-of-proceeds and keep-whole arrangements as comparable to the revenues generated by fixed fee arrangements to the extent that they are hedged.

Percent-of-proceeds and keep-whole arrangements involve commodity price risk to us because our adjusted segment margin is based in part on natural gas and NGL prices. We seek to minimize our exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices in several ways, including managing our contract portfolio. In managing our contract portfolio, we classify our gathering and processing contracts according to the nature of commodity risk implicit in the settlement structure of those contracts. For example, we seek to replace our longer term keep-whole arrangements as they expire or whenever the opportunity presents itself.

 

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Another way we minimize our exposure to commodity price fluctuations is by executing swap contracts settled against ethane, propane, butane, natural gasoline, natural gas and WTI market prices. We continually monitor our hedging and contract portfolio and expect to continue to adjust our hedge position as conditions warrant.

In addition, we perform a producer services function that is conducted by a separate subsidiary. We purchase natural gas from producers or gas marketers at receipt points on our systems, including HPC, and transport that gas to delivery points on HPC’s system at which we sell the natural gas at market price. We regard the segment margin with respect to those purchases and sales as the economic equivalent of a fee for our transportation service. These contracts are frequently settled in terms of an index price for both purchases and sales. In order to minimize commodity price risk, we attempt to match sales with purchases at the index price. We typically sell natural gas under pricing terms related to a market index. To the extent possible, we match the pricing and timing of our supply portfolio to our sales portfolio in order to lock in our margin and reduce our overall commodity price exposure. To the extent our natural gas position is not balanced, we will be exposed to the commodity price risk associated with the price of natural gas. Please refer to “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk” for further details.

Transportation segment. We own a 49.99 percent general partner interest in HPC which, through RIG, delivers natural gas from northwest Louisiana to markets as well as downstream pipelines in northeast Louisiana through a 450-mile intrastate pipeline system. Results of HPC’s operations are determined primarily by the volumes of natural gas transported on its intrastate pipeline system and the level of fees charged to the customers or the margins received from purchases and sales of natural gas. HPC generates revenues and segment margins principally under fee-based transportation contracts. The margin HPC earns is primarily related to fixed capacity reservation charges that are independent of throughput volumes or commodity prices. If a sustained decline in commodity prices should result in a decline in volumes, HPC’s revenues from these arrangements would be reduced.

We own a 49.9 percent interest in MEP, a joint venture entity owning a natural gas pipeline with approximately 500 miles, and we account for our investment under the equity method of accounting. KMP owns a 50 percent interest in MEP and its affiliate acts as the operator of MEP. The MEP pipeline system originates near Bennington, Oklahoma and extends eastward through Texas, Louisiana and Mississippi, and terminates at an interconnection with the Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line near Butler, Alabama. The MEP pipeline system has the capability to transport up to 1.8 Bcf/d of natural gas, and the pipeline capacity is fully subscribed with long-term binding commitments from creditworthy shippers. Results of MEP’s operations are determined primarily by the volumes of natural gas transported on its intrastate pipeline system and the level of fees charged to the customers. MEP generates revenues and segment margins principally under fee-based transportation contracts. The margin MEP earns is directly related to the volume of natural gas that flows through its system and is not directly dependent on commodity prices. If a sustained decline in commodity prices should result in a decline in volumes, MEP’s revenues would not be impacted until expiration of the current contracts.

Contract Compression segment. We own and operate a fleet of compressors used to provide turn-key natural gas compression services. We own and operate more than 844,000 horsepower of compression for customers in Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas and Pennsylvania. In addition, we operate approximately 115,000 horsepower of compression for our gathering and processing segment.

Contract Treating segment. We own and operate a fleet of equipment used to provide treating services, such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide removal, natural gas cooling, dehydration and BTU management, to natural gas producers and midstream pipeline companies.

HOW WE EVALUATE OUR OPERATIONS. Our management uses a variety of financial and operational measurements to analyze our performance. We view these measures as important tools for evaluating the success of our operations and review these measurements on a monthly basis for consistency and trend

 

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analysis. These measures include volumes, segment margin, total segment margin, adjusted segment margin, adjusted total segment margin, operating and maintenance expenses, EBITDA, and adjusted EBITDA on a segment and company-wide basis.

Volumes. We must continually obtain new supplies of natural gas to maintain or increase throughput volumes on our gathering and processing systems. Our ability to maintain existing supplies of natural gas and obtain new supplies is affected by (i) the level of workovers or recompletions of existing connected wells and successful drilling activity in areas currently dedicated to our gathering and processing systems, (ii) our ability to compete for volumes from successful new wells in other areas and (iii) our ability to obtain natural gas that has been released from other commitments. We routinely monitor producer activity in the areas served by our gathering and processing systems to pursue new supply opportunities.

Segment Margin and Total Segment Margin. We define segment margin, generally, as revenues minus cost of sales. We calculate our Gathering and Processing segment margin and Corporate and Others segment margin as our revenues generated from operations minus the cost of natural gas and NGLs purchased and other cost of sales, including third-party transportation and processing fees.

Prior to March 17, 2009, we calculated our Transportation segment margin as revenues generated by fee income as well as, in those instances in which we purchased and sold gas for our account, gas sales revenues minus the cost of natural gas that we purchased and transported. Since March 17, 2009, we have not recorded segment margin for the Transportation segment because we record our ownership percentage of the net income in HPC as income from unconsolidated subsidiaries. In addition, we record our ownership percentage of the net income in MEP as income from unconsolidated subsidiaries.

We calculate our Contract Compression segment margin as our revenues generated from our contract compression operations minus the direct costs, primarily compressor unit repairs, associated with those revenues.

We calculate our Contract Treating segment margin as revenues generated from our contract treating operations minus direct costs associated with those revenues.

We calculate total segment margin as the total of segment margin of our five segments, less intersegment eliminations.

Adjusted Segment Margin and Adjusted Total Segment Margin. We define adjusted segment margin as segment margin adjusted for non-cash (gains) losses from commodity derivatives. We define adjusted total segment margin as total segment margin adjusted for non-cash (gains) losses from commodity derivatives. Our adjusted total segment margin equals the sum of our operating segments’ adjusted segment margins or segment margins, including intersegment eliminations. Adjusted segment margin and adjusted total segment margin are included as supplemental disclosures because they are primary performance measures used by management as they represent the results of product purchases and sales, a key component of our operations.

Revenue Generating Horsepower. Revenue generating horsepower is the primary driver for revenue growth in our contract compression segment, and it is also the primary measure for evaluating our operational efficiency. Revenue generating horsepower is our total available horsepower less horsepower under contract that is not generating revenue and idle horsepower.

Revenue Generating Gallons per Minute (GPM). Revenue generating GPM is the primary driver for revenue growth of the treating business in our contract treating segment. GPM is used as a measure of the treating capacity of an amine plant. Revenue generating GPM is our total GPM under contract less GPM that is not generating revenues.

Operation and Maintenance Expense. Operation and maintenance expense is a separate measure that we use to evaluate operating performance of field operations. Direct labor, insurance, property taxes, repair and

 

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maintenance, utilities and contract services comprise the most significant portion of our operating and maintenance expense. These expenses are largely independent of the volumes through our systems but fluctuate depending on the activities performed during a specific period. We do not deduct operation and maintenance expenses from total revenues in calculating segment margin because we separately evaluate commodity volume and price changes in segment margin.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA. We define EBITDA as net income (loss) plus interest expense, provision for income taxes and depreciation and amortization expense. We define adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA plus or minus the following:

 

 

 

non-cash loss (gain) from commodity and embedded derivatives;

 

 

 

non-cash unit based compensation;

 

 

 

loss (gain) on asset sales, net;

 

 

 

loss on debt refinancing;

 

 

 

other non-cash (income) expense, net; and

 

 

 

the Partnership’s interest in adjusted EBITDA from unconsolidated subsidiaries less income from unconsolidated subsidiaries.

These measures are used as supplemental measures by our management and by external users of our financial statements such as investors, banks, research analysts and others, to assess:

 

 

 

financial performance of our assets without regard to financing methods, capital structure or historical cost basis;

 

 

 

the ability of our assets to generate cash sufficient to pay interest costs, support our indebtedness and make cash distributions to our unitholders and General Partner;

 

 

 

our operating performance and return on capital as compared to those of other companies in the midstream energy sector, without regard to financing or capital structure; and

 

 

 

the viability of acquisitions and capital expenditure projects and the overall rates of return on alternative investment opportunities.

Neither EBITDA nor adjusted EBITDA should be considered as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income, operating income, cash flows from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with GAAP. EBITDA is the starting point in determining cash available for distribution, which is an important non-GAAP financial measure for a publicly traded partnership.

GENERAL TRENDS AND OUTLOOK. We expect our business to continue to be affected by the following key trends. Our expectations are based on assumptions made by us and information currently available to us. To the extent our underlying assumptions about or interpretations of available information prove incorrect, our actual results may vary materially from our expected results.

Natural Gas Supply and Demand. Drilling rigs count increased to 919 rigs in December 2010 from 759 in December 2009, a 21 percent increase. The large price differential between NGLs and natural gas, on an energy equivalent basis, is expected to result in a shift toward increased drilling for oil and NGL-rich natural gas. In 2010, total marketed natural gas production increased by 4.1 percent with the increase in production primarily attributable to the lower 48 states. NGLs consumption increased in 2010, the major sources of growth were diesel fuel and heating oil.

Energy Outlook. In its annual energy outlook, the EIA expects natural gas production in 2011 to decrease by 0.3 percent, primarily in response to the lower natural gas prices. Average Henry Hub spot price for 2011 is

 

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forecasted to decline by $0.37 per MMBtu in part due to at or near record natural gas inventory and milder forecasted weather. Residential and commercial consumption of natural gas is forecasted to decline in 2011 and will be offset in part by an increase in industrial consumption. Overall natural gas consumption in 2011 is forecasted to decline by 0.9 percent. In 2012, natural gas consumption is projected to increase by 1.6 percent. The forecasted increases in natural gas consumption in 2012 coupled with the projected production decline in 2011 are expected to result in an increase natural gas prices in the latter part of 2011. NGLs consumption is projected to increase by 0.8 and 0.9 percent in 2011 and 2012, respectively.

Effect of Interest Rates and Inflation. Interest rates on existing and future credit facilities and future debt offerings could be significantly higher than current levels, causing our financing costs to increase accordingly. Although increased financing costs could limit our ability to raise funds in the capital markets, we expect to remain competitive with respect to acquisitions and capital projects since our competitors would face similar circumstances.

Inflation in the United States has been relatively low in recent years and did not have a material effect on our results of operations. It may in the future, however, increase the cost to acquire or replace property, plant and equipment and may increase the costs of labor and supplies. Our operating revenues and costs are influenced to a greater extent by price changes in natural gas and NGLs. To the extent permitted by competition, regulation and our existing agreements, we have and will continue to pass along a portion of increased costs to our customers in the form of higher fees.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

Formation of HPC. On March 17, 2009, we completed a joint venture arrangement (HPC) among Regency HIG, EFS Haynesville and the Alinda Investors. We contributed RIGS valued at $401,356,000 in exchange for a 38 percent general partner interest in HPC. On September 2, 2009, we purchased an additional five percent general partner interest from EFS Haynesville for $63,000,000. On April 30, 2010, we purchased an additional 6.99 percent general partner interest from EFS Haynesville for $92,087,000, increasing our ownership percentage to 49.99 percent.

ETE Acquisition of GE EFS’s Interest. On May 26, 2010, an affiliate of GE sold all of the outstanding membership interests of the General Partner to ETE. As a result of this transaction, the outstanding voting interests of the General Partner and control of the Partnership were transferred from this affiliate to ETE. In connection with this change in control, our assets and liabilities were adjusted to fair value on the closing date (May 26, 2010) by application of “push-down” accounting.

MEP Purchase. On May 26, 2010, we acquired a 49.9 percent interest in MEP and an option to acquire an additional 0.1 percent interest in MEP that is exercisable on May 27, 2011, from ETE. In return, we issued 26,266,791 of our common units, valued at $584,436,000 to ETE in a private placement, relying on Section 4(2) of the Securities Act and received a working capital adjustment of $4,632,000. As this transaction was between two entities under common control, it was accounted for in a manner silimar to a pooling of interest.

Disposition of East Texas Assets. On July 15, 2010, we sold our gathering and processing assets located in east Texas to an affiliate of Tristream Energy LLC for $70,180,000 in cash.

Acquisition of Zephyr. On September 1, 2010, we acquired Zephyr for $193,296,000 in cash.

 

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Combined Year Ended December 31, 2010 vs. Year Ended December 31, 2009

 

    Combined Year Ended December 31, 2010                    
    Successor     Predecessor           Predecessor              
    Period from
Acquisition
(May 26, 2010)
to December  31,
2010
    Period from
January 1, 2010
to May 25,
2010
    Total     Year Ended
December 31,
2009
    Change     Percent  
    (in thousands except percentages)        

Total revenues

  $ 716,613      $ 505,050      $ 1,221,663      $ 1,043,277      $ 178,386        17

Cost of sales

    504,327        357,778        862,105        674,944        187,161        28   
                                         

Total segment margin(1)

    212,286        147,272        359,558        368,333        (8,775     2   

Operation and maintenance

    77,808        47,842        125,650        117,080        8,570        7   

General and administrative

    43,739        37,212        80,951        57,863        23,088        40   

Loss (gain) on asset sales, net

    213        303        516        (133,282     133,798        100   

Depreciation and amortization

    75,967        41,784        117,751        100,098        17,653        18   
                                         

Operating income

    14,559        20,131        34,690        226,574        (191,884     85   

Income from unconsolidated subsidiaries

    53,493        15,872        69,365        7,886        61,479        780   

Interest expense, net

    (48,251     (34,541     (82,792     (77,665     (5,127     7   

Loss on debt refinancing, net

    (15,748     (1,780     (17,528     —          (17,528     100   

Other income and deductions, net

    (8,229     (3,897     (12,126     (15,132     3,006        20   
                                         

(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes

    (4,176     (4,215     (8,391     141,663        (150,054     106   

Income tax expense (benefit)

    552        404        956        (1,095     2,051        187   
                                         

Net (loss) income from continuing operations

  $ (4,728   $ (4,619   $ (9,347   $ 142,758      $ (152,105     107   

Discontinued operations

    (1,244     (327     (1,571     (2,269     698        31   
                                         

Net (loss) income

  $ (5,972   $ (4,946   $ (10,918   $ 140,489      $ (151,407     108   

Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest

    (156     (406     (562     (91     (471     518   
                                         

Net (loss) income attributable to Regency Energy Partners LP

  $ (6,128   $ (5,352   $ (11,480   $ 140,398      $ (151,878     108
                                         

Gathering and processing segment margin(2)

  $ 110,011      $ 85,997      $ 196,008      $ 213,920      $ (17,912     8

Non-cash loss (gain) from commodity derivatives

    23,033        7,150        30,183        (7,151     37,334        522   
                                         

Adjusted gathering and processing segment margin

  $ 133,044      $ 93,147      $ 226,191      $ 206,769      $ 19,422        9

Transportation segment margin

    —          —          —          11,714        (11,714     100   

Contract compression segment margin(3)

    91,853        62,356        154,209        141,028        13,181        9   

Contract treating segment margin

    11,454        —          11,454        —          11,454        100   

Corporate and others segment margin(2)

    13,047        8,045        21,092        6,275        14,817        236   

Intersegment eliminations

    (14,079     (9,126     (23,205     (4,604     (18,601     404   
                                         

Adjusted total segment margin

  $ 235,319      $ 154,422      $ 389,741      $ 361,182      $ 28,559        8
                                         

 

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(1)

For reconciliation of segment margin to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, please read “Item 6. Selected Financial Data.”

(2)

Segment margins differ from previously disclosed amounts due to the presentation as discontinued operations for the disposition of our east Texas assets, as well as a functional reorganization of our operating segments.

(3)

Contract Compression segment margin includes intersegment revenues of $23,205,000 and $4,604,000, for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. These intersegment revenues were eliminated upon consolidation.

Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Regency Energy Partners LP. Net (loss) income attributable to Regency Energy Partners LP decreased to a loss of $11,480,000 in the year ended December 31, 2010 from a gain of $140,398,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009. The major components of this change were as follows:

 

 

 

$133,798,000 decrease in gain on asset sales, net primarily due to the absence of gain associated with the contribution of RIG to HPC;

 

 

 

$23,088,000 increase in general and administrative expenses primarily due to a $7,885,000 increase in unit-based compensation primarily related to the vesting of outstanding LTIP grants upon the acquisition of our General Partner by ETE, a $5,833,000 increase in service fees paid to Services Co. and a $3,504,000 increase in incentive related labor costs;

 

 

 

$17,653,000 increase in depreciation and amortization expense primarily related to the fair value adjustment of our long-lived assets upon the acquisition of our General Partner;

 

 

 

$17,528,000 loss on debt refinancing, net primarily related to the redemption premium paid to redeem our senior notes due 2013; and was offset by

 

 

 

$61,479,000 increase in income from unconsolidated subsidiaries primarily from the completion of HPC’s expansion in early 2010, our increased general partner interest in HPC from 43 percent as of December 31, 2009 to 49.99 percent as of December 31, 2010 and the acquisition of a 49.9 percent interest in MEP in May 2010.

Adjusted Total Segment Margin. Adjusted total segment margin increased to $389,741,000 in the year ended December 31, 2010 from $361,182,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009. The major components of this increase were as follows:

 

 

 

Adjusted Gathering and Processing segment margin increased to $226,191,000 for the year ended December 31, 2010 from $206,769,000 for the year ended December 31, 2009 primarily due to the increased volumes in south Texas associated with Eagle Ford Shale development as well as higher realized commodity prices. Total Gathering and Processing segment throughput increased to 996,800 MMBtu/d during the year ended December 31, 2010 from 975,963 MMBtu/d during the year ended December 31, 2009. Total NGL gross production increased to 26,155 Bbls/d during the year ended December 31, 2010 from 21,104 Bbls/d during the year ended December 31, 2009;

 

 

 

After our contribution of RIG to HPC on March 17, 2009, we do not record segment margin for the Transportation segment because we record our ownership percentage of the net income in HPC as income from unconsolidated subsidiaries. As a result, we reported no Transportation segment margin for the year ended December 31, 2010;

 

 

 

Contract Compression segment margin increased to $154,209,000 in the year ended December 31, 2010 from $141,028,000 in 2009. The increase was primarily attributable to the increased revenue generating horsepower provided to third parties and additional contract compression services provided to the Gathering and Processing segment.

 

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In addition to the revenue generating horsepower and compression units owned and operated by our Contract Compression segment disclosed below, our Contract Compression segment operates approximately 115,000 horsepower of compression for our Gathering and Processing segment as of December 31, 2010.

 

    Year Ended December 31,  
    2010     2009  

Horsepower Range

  Revenue Generating
Horsepower
    Percentage of
Revenue
Generating
Horsepower
    Number of Units     Revenue Generating
Horsepower
    Percentage of
Revenue
Generating
Horsepower
    Number of Units  

0-499

    90,178        11     453        65,397        9     361   

500-999

    70,427        8     111        74,826        10     121   

1,000+

    684,195        81     451        613,105        81     405   
                                               
    844,800        100     1,015        753,328        100     887   
                                               

 

 

 

We acquired the Contract Treating segment on September 1, 2010; therefore there was no segment margin for the year ended December 31, 2009. Revenue generating GPM as of December 31, 2010 was 3,431;

 

 

 

Corporate and Others segment margin increased to $21,092,000 in the year ended December 31, 2010 from $6,275,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009, which was primarily attributable to an increase in the reimbursement from HPC for general and administrative expenses; and

 

 

 

Intersegment eliminations increased to $23,205,000 in the year ended December 31, 2010 from $4,604,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009. The increase was due to increased intersegment transactions between the Gathering and Processing and the Contract Compression segments.

Operation and Maintenance. Operation and maintenance expense increased to $125,650,000 in the year ended December 31, 2010 from $117,080,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009. The increase is primarily due to the following:

 

 

 

$3,872,000 increase in labor costs primarily from increased bonus accrual in 2010; and

 

 

 

$3,277,000 increased consumable products primarily utilized in our Contract Compression segment.

General and Administrative. General and administrative expense increased to $80,951,000 in the year ended December 31, 2010 from $57,863,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009. This increase is primarily the result of the following:

 

 

 

$7,885,000 increase in unit-based compensation primarily related to the vesting of outstanding LTIP grants upon the acquisition of our General Partner by ETE;

 

 

 

$5,833,000 increase in related party general and administrative expenses for the services fees paid to Services Co.;

 

 

 

$3,504,000 increase in labor costs primarily from increased incentive compensation accrual in 2010;

 

 

 

$1,948,000 increase in transaction costs primarily related to the ETE Acquisition and our acquisitions of MEP and Zephyr;

 

 

 

$1,258,000 increase in severance expenses primarily related to the integration of functions across a variety of operational and general and administrative departments with Services Co.; and

 

 

 

$798,000 increase in ad valorem taxes in the Contract Compression segment.

Loss (Gain) on Asset Sales, net. Loss (gain) on asset sales, net decreased to a loss of $516,000 in 2010 due to the absence in 2010 of $133,451,000 in gain attributable to the contribution of RIG to HPC.

 

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Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense increased to $117,751,000 in the year ended December 31, 2010 from $100,098,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009. This increase was the result of $10,735,000 of additional depreciation and amortization expense incurred related to the fair value adjustment of our long-lived assets upon the acquisition of our General Partner. In addition, $6,918,000 of additional depreciation and amortization expense was the result of the completion of various organic growth projects since December 31, 2009. Had the change in control occurred on January 1, 2009, our depreciation and amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 would have been $125,419,000 and $118,501,000, respectively.

Interest Expense, Net. Interest expense, net increased to $82,792,000 in the year ended December 31, 2010 from $77,665,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009. The increase was primarily attributable to a full year of interest expense in 2010 associated with our $250,000,000 of 9 3/8 percent senior notes due 2016 issued May 2009 as compared to only seven months in 2009. Also contributing to the increase was the issuance of $600,000,000 of 6 7/8 percent senior notes due 2018 in October 2010.

Loss on debt refinancing, net. Loss on debt refinancing, net increased $17,528,000 in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to the redemption premium paid to redeem our senior notes due 2013.

Other Income and Deductions, net. Other income and deductions, net decreased $3,006,000 in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to the non-cash value change in the embedded derivatives related to the Series A Preferred Units issued in September 2009.

Year Ended December 31, 2009 vs. Year Ended December 31, 2008

 

     Year Ended December 31,               
     2009     2008      Change     Percent  
     (in thousands except percentages)        

Total revenues

   $ 1,043,277      $ 1,785,263       $ (741,986     42

Cost of sales

     674,944        1,365,124         (690,180     51   
                           

Total segment margin(1)

     368,333        420,139         (51,806     12   

Operation and maintenance

     117,080        119,715         (2,635     2   

General and administrative

     57,863        51,323         6,540        13   

(Gain) loss on asset sales, net

     (133,282     457         (133,739     N/M   

Management services termination fee

     —          3,888         (3,888     N/M   

Transaction expenses

     —          1,620         (1,620     N/M   

Depreciation and amortization

     100,098        93,393         6,705        7   
                           

 

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     Year Ended
December 31,
             
     2009     2008     Change     Percent  
     (in thousands except percentages)  

Operating income

   $ 226,574      $ 149,743      $ 76,831        51

Income from unconsolidated subsidiaries

     7,886        —          7,886        N/M   

Interest expense, net

     (77,665     (62,940     (14,725     23   

Other income and deductions, net

     (15,132     328        (15,460     N/M   
                          

Income from continuing operations before income taxes

     141,663        87,131        54,532        63   

Income tax benefit

     (1,095     (266     (829     312   
                          

Net income from continuing operations

   $ 142,758      $ 87,397      $ 55,361        63   

Discontinued operations

     (2,269     13,931        (16,200     116   
                          

Net income

   $ 140,489      $ 101,328      $ 39,161        39   
                          

Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest

     (91     (312     221        71   
                          

Net income attributable to Regency Energy Partners LP

   $ 140,398      $ 101,016      $ 39,382        39
                          

Gathering and processing segment margin(2)

   $ 213,920      $ 231,506      $ (17,586     8

Non-cash gain from commodity derivatives

     (7,151     (17,996     10,845        60   
                          

Adjusted gathering and processing segment margin

     206,769        213,510        (6,741     3   

Transportation segment margin

     11,714        66,888        (55,174     82   

Contract compression segment margin(3)

     141,028        125,503        15,525        12   

Corporate and others segment margin(2)

     6,275        815        5,460        670   

Inter-segment eliminations

     (4,604     (4,573     (31     1   
                          

Adjusted total segment margin

   $ 361,182      $ 402,143      $ (40,961     10
                          

 

(1)

For reconciliation of segment margin to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, please read “Item 6. Selected Financial Data.”

(2)

Segment margins differ from previously disclosed amounts due to the presentation as discontinued operations for the disposition of our east Texas assets, as well as a functional reorganization of our operating segments.

(3)

Contract Compression segment margin includes intersegment revenues of $4,604,000 and $4,573,000, for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. These intersegment revenues were eliminated upon consolidation.

N/M

Not meaningful.

Net Income Attributable to Regency Energy Partners LP. Net income attributable to Regency Energy Partners LP increased to $140,398,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009 from $101,016,000 in the year ended December 31, 2008. The increase is primarily due to the recording of a $133,451,000 gain associated with the contribution of RIG to HPC, $7,886,000 in income from HPC and the absence in 2009 of $3,888,000 of management service termination fees related to the acquisition of our FrontStreet assets in 2008. These increases were partially offset by:

 

 

 

a decrease in total segment margin of $51,806,000 due primarily to the contribution of RIG to HPC on March 17, 2009 as well as lower commodity prices;

 

 

 

a decrease in other income and deductions, net of $15,460,000 which primarily relates to the non-cash value change associated with the embedded derivative related to the Series A Preferred Units issued in September 2009;

 

 

 

an increase in interest expense of $14,725,000 related primarily to the issuance of $250,000,000 of senior notes due 2016 in May 2009 at a higher interest rate as compared to our credit facility interest rate;

 

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an increase in depreciation and amortization expense of $6,705,000 related primarily to organic growth projects completed in 2009; and

 

 

 

an increase in general and administrative expenses of $6,540,000 primarily due to an increase in employee-related expenses.

Adjusted Total Segment Margin. Adjusted total segment margin decreased to $361,182,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009 from $402,143,000 in the year ended December 31, 2008. The major components of this change were as follows:

 

 

 

Adjusted Gathering and Processing segment margin decreased to $206,769,000 for the year ended December 31, 2009 from $213,510,000 for the year ended December 31, 2008. The decrease was primarily related to lower commodity prices compared to 2008 price levels, as well as a decrease in margin in our producer services function. Total Gathering and Processing segment throughput decreased to 975,963 MMBtu/d during the year ended December 31, 2009 from 997,551 MMBtu/d during the year ended December 31, 2008. Total NGL gross production increased to 21,104 Bbls/d during the year ended December 31, 2009 from 19,569 Bbls/d during the year ended December 31, 2008;

 

 

 

Transportation segment margin decreased to $11,714,000 for the year ended December 31, 2009 from $66,888,000 for the year ended December 31, 2008, which was primarily attributable to the contribution of RIG to HPC on March 17, 2009;

 

 

 

Contract Compression segment margin increased to $141,028,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009 from $125,503,000 in 2008. The increase is attributable to higher revenue generating horsepower in the first half of 2009 compared to the same period in 2008. The Contract Compression segment margin is also enhanced by the exclusion of 15 days in 2008 due to the timing of our CDM acquisition.

In addition to the revenue generating horsepower and compression units owned and operated by our Contract Compression segment disclosed below, our Contract Compression segment operates approximately 149,000 horsepower of compression for our Gathering and Processing segment as of December 31, 2009.

 

    Year Ended December 31,  
    2009     2008  

Horsepower Range

  Revenue Generating
Horsepower
    Percentage of
Revenue
Generating
Horsepower
    Number of Units     Revenue Generating
Horsepower
    Percentage of
Revenue
Generating
Horsepower
    Number of Units  

0-499

    65,397        9     361        59,288        7     351   

500-999

    74,826        10     121        83,299        11     134   

1,000+

    613,105        81     405        636,080        82     425   
                                               
    753,328        100     887        778,667        100     910   
                                               

Despite the decrease in the amount of drilling activity during 2009, we only experienced a three percent decrease in revenue generating horsepower due to successful renewals of our customer contracts; and

 

 

 

Corporate and Others segment margin increased to $6,275,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009 from $815,000 in 2008. The increase is primarily due to the reimbursement from HPC for general and administrative expenses.

Operation and Maintenance. Operation and maintenance expense remained relatively consistent with the year ended December 31, 2008, declining $2,635,000 in 2009, a two percent decrease.

General and Administrative. General and administrative expense increased to $57,863,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009 from $51,323,000 in 2008. This increase is primarily the result of the following factors:

 

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$3,925,000 increase in employee-related expenses due to increased employer benefits payments and incentive compensation accruals; and

 

 

 

$1,301,000 increase in professional and consulting service fees.

(Gain) Loss on Asset Sales, net. Gain on asset sales, net in 2009 primarily consisted of $133,451,000 in gain attributable to the contribution of RIG to HPC.

Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense increased to $100,098,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009 from $93,393,000 in the year ended December 31, 2008. The increase was primarily due to:

 

 

 

$18,355,000 increase related to various organic growth projects completed since December 31, 2008; offset by

 

 

 

$11,650,000 decrease in depreciation expense related to the contribution of RIG to HPC.

Interest Expense, Net. Interest expense, net increased to $77,665,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009 from $62,940,000 in 2008. This increase was primarily attributable to the issuance of $250,000,000 of 9 3/8 percent senior notes in May 2009.

Other Income and Deductions, net. Other income and deductions, net decreased $15,460,000 in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily due to the non-cash value change in the embedded derivatives related to the Series A Preferred Units issued in September 2009.

Results of Operation for HPC

Although we own a 49.99 percent general partner interest in HPC, the following management discussion and analysis is for 100 percent of HPC’s consolidated results of operations. For comparative purposes only, we have combined the results of operations of RIG from January 1, 2009 to March 17, 2009, with the results of operations of HPC from inception (March 18, 2009) to December 31, 2009.

Year Ended December 31, 2010 vs. Year Ended December 31, 2009

The table below contains key HPC performance indicators related to our discussion of the results of its operations.

 

     Year Ended December 31,              
           2010                   2009                   Change             Percent  
     (in thousands except percentages and volume data)        

Revenues

   $ 176,597      $ 56,730      $ 119,867        211

Cost of sales

     2,250        4,679        (2,429     52   
                          

Segment margin

     174,347        52,051        122,296        235   

Operation and maintenance

     17,518        9,697        7,821        81   

General and administrative

     17,759        5,702        12,057        211   

Loss on asset sales, net

     105        —          105        100   

Depreciation and amortization

     31,797        10,962        20,835        190   
                          

Operating income

     107,168        25,690        81,478        317   

Interest expense

     (526     (158     (368     233   

Other income and deductions, net

     95        1,335        (1,240     93   
                          

Net income

   $ 106,737      $ 26,867      $ 79,870        297
                          

Throughput (MMbtu/d)

     1,277,881        738,654        539,227        73

 

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The following provides a reconciliation of segment margin to net income.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010     2009  
     (in thousands)  

Net income

   $ 106,737      $ 26,867   

Add (deduct):

    

Operation and maintenance

     17,518        9,697   

General and administrative

     17,759        5,702   

Loss on asset sales, net

     105        —     

Depreciation and amortization

     31,797        10,962   

Interest expense

     526        158   

Other income and deductions, net

     (95     (1,335
                

Segment margin

   $ 174,347      $ 52,051   
                

Net income increased to $106,737,000 in the year ended December 31, 2010 from $26,867,000 in the year ended December 31, 2009. The increase in net income was primarily attributable to the following:

 

 

 

an increase in segment margin of $122,296,000 primarily from HPC’s expansion projects being placed in service on January 27, 2010, which increased revenues primarily from firm transportation agreements; and was partially offset by

 

 

 

an increase in depreciation and amortization expense of $20,835,000 primarily as a result of the additional depreciation from HPC’s expansion projects;

 

 

 

an increase in general and administrative expense of $12,057,000 primarily due to fees paid to the Partnership by HPC;

 

 

 

an increase in operation and maintenance expense of $7,821,000 mainly resulting from an increase of $4,666,000 of ad valorem taxes and an increase of $2,676,000 in related party costs of compression from HPC’s expansion projects being placed in service on January 27, 2010; and

 

 

 

a decrease in other income and deductions of $1,240,000 primarily from interest earned on the cash contributions in 2009.

Capital Contribution. In February 2010, HPC received cash capital contribution of $47,000,000, of which the Partnership contributed its pro-rata share of $20,210,000 to HPC.

Cash Distributions. During the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, HPC made cash distributions of $147,612,000 and $23,110,000, respectively, of which the Partnership received its respective pro-rata share of $65,114,000 and $8,925,000, respectively.

In addition, on August 9, 2010, HPC made a return of investment to its partners of $40,000,000 from the cost savings on its expansion project, of which the Partnership received its pro-rata share of $19,995,000.

 

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Year Ended December 31, 2009 vs. Year Ended December 31, 2008

The table below contains key HPC performance indicators related to our discussion of the results of its operations.

 

     Year Ended December 31,                
     2009      2008      Change      Percent  
     (in thousands except percentages and volume data)         

Revenues

   $ 56,730       $ 68,921       $ (12,191      18

Cost of sales

     4,679         2,033         2,646         130   
                             

Segment margin

     52,051         66,888         (14,837      22   

Operation and maintenance

     9,697         3,540         6,157         174   

General and administrative

     5,702         9         5,693         N/M   

Loss on asset sales, net

     —           44         (44      N/M   

Depreciation and amortization

     10,962         14,099         (3,137      22   
                             

Operating income

     25,690         49,196         (23,506      48   

Interest expense

     (158      —           (158