================================================================================
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
----------
FORM 10-K
----------
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2002
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO
------------ -------------
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 1-12091
----------
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
----------
Delaware 22-3436215
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
incorporation or organization)
230 Half Mile Road 07701
Red Bank, NJ (Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive offices)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: 732-933-5000
----------
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Name of each exchange
Title of each class on which registered
------------------- -------------------
Common Stock, par value New York Stock Exchange
$0.01 per share
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant is required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ].
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. [X]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as
defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes [X] No [ ].
The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates as of
March 19, 2003 (based upon the closing price of $11.90 per common share as
quoted on the New York Stock Exchange), is approximately $740 million. For
purposes of this computation, the shares of voting stock held by directors,
officers and employee benefit plans of the registrant and its wholly owned
subsidiaries were deemed to be stock held by affiliates. The number of shares of
common stock outstanding at March 19, 2003, was 63,440,462 shares, excluding
14,456,124 shares held by the registrant, its subsidiaries and certain Company
trusts, which are not entitled to be voted.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of the registrant's definitive Proxy Statement relating to the
2003 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission, are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual
Report on Form 10-K as indicated herein.
================================================================================
1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Item Page
---- ----
PART I
1. Business..................................................................... 5
2. Properties................................................................... 23
3. Legal Proceedings............................................................ 24
4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.......................... 27
PART II
5. Market for the Registrant's Common Equity and Related Shareholder Matters.... 28
6. Selected Financial Data...................................................... 28
7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations................................................................ 30
7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk................... 54
8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.................................. 55
9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure................................................................ 96
PART III
10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant........................... 97
11. Executive Compensation....................................................... 97
12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management............... 97
13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions............................... 97
14. Controls and Procedures...................................................... 97
PART IV
15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedule and Reports on Form 8-K............... 99
Signatures................................................................... 103
Certifications............................................................... 104
Disclosure Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
The statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the "Annual Report")
that are not historical facts are, or may be deemed to be, "forward-looking
statements" ("Cautionary Statements") as defined in the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Some of these statements can be identified by the
use of forward-looking terminology such as "prospects," "outlook," "believes,"
"estimates," "intends," "may," "will," "should," "anticipates," "expects" or
"plans," or the negative or other variation of these or similar words, or by
discussion of trends and conditions, strategy or risks and uncertainties. In
addition, from time to time, Millennium Chemicals Inc. (the "Company") or its
representatives have made or may make forward-looking statements in other
filings that the Company makes with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in
press releases or in oral statements made by or with the approval of one of its
authorized executive officers.
These forward-looking statements are only present expectations as at the
time of this filing. Actual events or results may differ materially. Factors
that could cause such a difference include:
o the cyclicality and volatility of the chemical industries in which the
Company and Equistar Chemicals, LP ("Equistar") operate, particularly
fluctuations in the demand for ethylene, its derivatives and acetyls
and the sensitivity of these industries to capacity additions;
2
o general economic conditions in the geographic regions where the
Company and Equistar generate sales, and the impact of government
regulation and other external factors, in particular, the events in
the Middle East;
o the ability of Equistar to distribute cash to its partners and
uncertainties arising from the Company's shared control of Equistar
and the Company's contractual commitments regarding possible future
capital contributions to Equistar;
o changes in the cost of energy and raw materials, particularly natural
gas and ethylene, and the ability of the Company and Equistar to pass
on cost increases to their customers;
o the ability of raw material suppliers to fulfill their commitments;
o the ability of the Company and Equistar to achieve their productivity
improvement, cost reduction and working capital targets, and the
occurrence of operating problems at manufacturing facilities of the
Company or Equistar;
o risks of doing business outside the United States, including currency
fluctuations;
o the cost of compliance with the extensive environmental regulations
affecting the chemical industry and exposure to liabilities for
environmental remediation and other environmental matters relating to
the Company's and Equistar's current and former operations;
o pricing and other competitive pressures;
o legal proceedings relating to present and former operations (including
proceedings based on alleged exposure to lead-based paints and lead
pigments, asbestos and other materials), ongoing or future tax audits
and other claims;
o the Company's substantial indebtedness and its impact on the Company's
cash flow, business operations and ability to obtain additional
financing.
A further description of these risks, uncertainties and other matters can
be found in Exhibit 99.1 to this Annual Report.
Some of these Cautionary Statements are discussed in more detail under
"Business" and in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations" in this Annual Report. Readers are cautioned not to
place undue reliance on forward-looking or Cautionary Statements, which reflect
management's opinions only as of the date hereof. The Company undertakes no
obligation to update any forward-looking or Cautionary Statement. All subsequent
written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to the Company or
persons acting on behalf of the Company are expressly qualified in their
entirety by the Cautionary Statements in this Annual Report. Readers are advised
to consult any further disclosures the Company may make on related subjects in
subsequent 10-Q, 8-K, and 10-K reports to the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Financial measures based on accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America ("GAAP") are commonly referred to as GAAP financial
measures. For this purpose, a non-GAAP financial measure is generally defined by
the Securities and Exchange Commission as one that purports to measure
historical or future financial performance, financial position, or cash flows,
but excludes or includes amounts that would not be so adjusted in the most
comparable GAAP measure. From time to time the Company discloses so-called
non-GAAP financial measures, primarily EBITDA, Pro Forma EBITDA, Pro Forma
Operating Income, Pro Forma Net Sales and Pro Forma Depreciation and
Amortization. EBITDA represents income from operations before interest, taxes,
depreciation and amortization, other income items, equity earnings (which
includes an allocation of costs incurred by the Company in connection with its
interest in Equistar), and the cumulative effect of accounting changes. EBITDA
is a key measure used by the banking and investing communities in their
evaluation of economic performance. Accordingly, management believes that
disclosure of EBITDA provides useful information to investors because it is
frequently cited by financial analysts in evaluating companies' performance. Pro
Forma EBITDA includes the Company's underlying interest (29.5%) in Equistar's
results, together with an allocation of costs incurred by the Company in
connection with its interest in Equistar. Pro Forma Operating Income includes
the
3
Company's underlying interest in Equistar's results. Pro Forma Net Sales and Pro
Forma Depreciation and Amortization include net sales and depreciation and
amortization, respectively, in accordance with GAAP together with the Company's
underlying interest in Equistar's corresponding amounts. The Company believes
this pro forma information provides useful information to investors regarding
its underlying interest in Equistar. EBITDA and the pro forma measures
identified above are not a measure of operating performance computed in
accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as a substitute for GAAP
measures. Additionally, these measures may not be comparable to similarly named
measures of other companies.
The Company also periodically reports adjusted net or operating income
(loss) or adjusted EBITDA, excluding certain items that are unusual in nature or
not comparable from period to period and that are included in GAAP measures of
earnings. Management believes that excluding these items generally helps
investors to compare operating performance between two periods. Such adjusted
data is not reported without an explanation of the items that are excluded.
4
PART I
Item 1. Business
The Company is a major international chemical company, with leading market
positions in a broad range of commodity, industrial, performance and specialty
chemicals.
The Company has three business segments: Titanium Dioxide and Related
Products, Acetyls, and Specialty Chemicals. The Company also owns a 29.5%
interest in Equistar, a joint venture owned by the Company and Lyondell Chemical
Company ("Lyondell"). The Company accounts for its interest in Equistar as an
equity investment.
The Company has leading market positions in the United States and the
world:
o Through its Titanium Dioxide and Related Products business segment,
the Company is the second-largest producer of titanium dioxide
("TiO[u]2") in the world, with manufacturing facilities in the United
States, the United Kingdom, France, Brazil and Australia. The Company
is also the largest merchant seller of titanium tetrachloride
("TiCl[u]4") in North America and Europe and a leading producer of
zirconia, silica gel and cadmium-based pigments;
o Through its Acetyls business segment, the Company is the
second-largest producer of vinyl acetate monomer ("VAM") and acetic
acid in North America, and through its 85% interest in La Porte
Methanol Company, LP ("La Porte Methanol Company"), a partner in a
leading US producer of methanol;
o Through its Specialty Chemicals business segment, the Company is a
leading producer of terpene-based fragrance and flavor chemicals;
o Through its 29.5% interest in Equistar, the Company is a partner in
the second-largest producer of ethylene and the third-largest producer
of polyethylene in North America, and a leading producer of
performance polymers, oxygenated chemicals, aromatics and specialty
petrochemicals.
The Company's management strategy is based on "Operational Excellence" and
"Growth and Development" models. The Operational Excellence model focuses on
optimizing cash flow and disciplined growth for the Company's more mature
businesses. The Company's high-volume TiO[u]2 and acetyls businesses, as well as
its interest in Equistar, are managed pursuant to the Operational Excellence
model. The Growth and Development model focuses on developing the Company's
current and prospective higher margin, higher growth-potential businesses to
achieve operating margins that exceed chemical industry averages. The businesses
within the Company's Specialty Chemicals segment, as well as the specialty and
performance chemicals businesses within the Titanium Dioxide and Related
Products segment, are managed pursuant to the Growth and Development model. The
Company's centralized Shared Services organization is responsible for providing
finance, human resources, certain manufacturing services, research and
development, strategic planning, supply chain, legal, information technology,
quality, safety, health and environmental services to all Company businesses.
The Company is testing its business plan with an independent third party to help
drive optimal performance.
The Company's Titanium Dioxide and Related Products segment is operated
through Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Inc. and its non-United States affiliates
(collectively, "Millennium Inorganic Chemicals"); the Company's Acetyls segment
is operated through Millennium Petrochemicals Inc. ("Millennium Petrochemicals")
and the Company's Specialty Chemicals segment is operated through Millennium
Specialty Chemicals Inc. ("Millennium Specialty Chemicals"). In addition to its
29.5% interest in Equistar, the Company owns an 85% interest in La Porte
Methanol Company, a Delaware limited partnership, which owns a methanol plant
located in La Porte, Texas and certain related facilities that were contributed
to the partnership by Millennium Petrochemicals. La Porte Methanol Company is
included in the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Company was incorporated in Delaware on April 18, 1996 and became a
publicly traded company following its demerger (i.e., spin-off) from Hanson plc
("Hanson"), a company incorporated in the United Kingdom, on October 1, 1996
(the "Demerger"). The Company's principal executive offices are located at 230
Half Mile Road, Red Bank, NJ 07701. Its telephone number is (732) 933-5000 and
its fax number is (732) 933-5240. Its website is http://www.millenniumchem.com.
The Company's Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q,
Current Reports on Form 8-K, Proxy Statements and all amendments thereto are
available free of charge through the Company's website as soon as reasonably
practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished
5
to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Information contained on the
Company's website or any other website is not incorporated into this Annual
Report and does not constitute a part of this Annual Report.
In this Annual Report:
o References to the Company are to the Company and its consolidated
subsidiaries, except as the context otherwise requires.
o References to "tpa" are to metric tons per annum (a metric ton is
equal to 1,000 kilograms or 2,204.6 pounds).
o References to the Company's and Equistar's market positions, with the
exception of the Company's market position in the Specialty Chemicals
business segment, are based on estimates of their respective
production capacities, as compared to the production capacities of
other industry participants. The reference to the Company's market
position with respect to the Specialty Chemicals business segment is
based on sales volumes of the Specialty Chemicals business segment, as
compared to the estimated sales volumes of its competitors.
o Estimates of the Company's and Equistar's production capacities are
based upon engineering assessments made by the Company and Equistar,
respectively, and estimates of the production capacities and sales
volumes of other industry participants are based on available
information from a variety of sources. Actual production may vary
depending on a number of factors including feedstocks, product mix,
unscheduled maintenance and demand.
Business Segments
The Company's principal operations are grouped into three business
segments: Titanium Dioxide and Related Products, Acetyls and Specialty
Chemicals. Operating income and expense not identified with the three separate
business segments, consisting primarily of employee-related costs from
predecessor businesses and certain other expenses, are reflected as Other. See
Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report.
The Company also holds a 29.5% interest in Equistar that is accounted for under
the equity method. See Notes 1 and 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements
included in this Annual Report.
Principal Products
The following is a description of the principal products of the Company's
business segments:
Product Uses
------- ----
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products:
Titanium dioxide ("TiO[u]2")............... A white pigment used to
provide whiteness, brightness,
opacity and durability in
paint and coatings, plastics,
paper and elastomers.
Titanium tetrachloride ("TiCl[u]4")........ The intermediate product used
in making TiO[u]2. TiCl[u]4 is
also used for: the manufacture
of titanium metal, which is
used to make a wide variety of
products including eyeglass
frames, aerospace parts and
golf clubs; the manufacture of
catalysts and specialty
pigments; and, as a surface
treatment for glass.
Zirconium-based compounds and chemicals.... Chemicals used in coloring for
ceramics, in pigment surface
treatment, solid oxide fuel
cells and to enhance optics.
Ultra-fine TiO[u]2......................... Nanoparticle and ultra-fine
products used in optical,
electronic, catalyst and
ultra-violet absorption
applications.
Silica gel................................. Inorganic product used to
reduce gloss and control flow
in coatings. Also used to
stabilize beer and extend the
shelf life of plastic films,
powdered food products and
pharmaceuticals.
6
Cadmium-based pigments..................... Inorganic colors used in
engineered plastics, artists'
colors, ceramics, inks,
automotive refinish coatings,
coil and extrusion coatings,
aerospace coatings and
specialty industrial finishes.
Acetyls:
Vinyl acetate monomer ("VAM").............. A petrochemical product used
to produce a variety of
polymer products used in
adhesives, water-based paint,
textile coatings and paper
coatings.
Acetic acid................................ A feedstock used to produce
VAM, terephthalic acid (used
to produce polyester for
textiles and plastic bottles),
industrial solvents, and a
variety of other chemicals.
Methanol................................... A feedstock used to produce
acetic acid; methyl tertiary
butyl ether ("MTBE"), a
gasoline additive,
formaldehyde, and several
other products. The Company is
a producer of methanol through
its 85% interest in La Porte
Methanol Company.
Specialty Chemicals
Terpene fragrance chemicals................ Individual components that are
blended to make fragrances
used in detergents, soaps,
perfumes, personal-care items
and household goods.
Flavor chemicals........................... Individual components that are
blended to impart or enhance
flavors used in toothpaste,
chewing gum and other consumer
products.
For a description of Equistar's principal products, see "Equity Interest in
Equistar," below.
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products
Titanium Dioxide
The Company is the second-largest producer of TiO[u]2 in the world, based
on reported production capacities. TiO[u]2 is a white pigment used for imparting
whiteness, brightness, opacity and durability in a wide range of products,
including paint and coatings, plastics, paper and elastomers.
The following table sets forth the Company's annual production capacity
(excluding the Hawkins Point, Maryland sulfate-process plant, which has been
idle since September 2001) as of the date of this report, using the chloride
process and the sulfate process discussed below, and the approximate percentage
of its total production capacity represented by each such process.
Millennium Chemicals' TiO[u]2 Rated Capacity
(metric tons per annum)
Percentage
Process Capacity of Capacity
------- -------- -----------
Chloride................................. 505,000 73%
Sulfate.................................. 185,000 27%
------- ----
Total................................. 690,000 100%
TiO[u]2 is produced in two crystalline forms: rutile and anatase. Rutile
TiO[u]2 is a more tightly packed crystal that has a higher refractive index than
anatase TiO[u]2 and, therefore, better opacification and tinting strength in
many applications. Some rutile TiO[u]2 products also provide better resistance
to the harmful effects of weather. Rutile TiO[u]2 is the preferred form for use
in paint and coatings, ink and plastics. Anatase TiO[u]2 has a bluer undertone
and is less abrasive than rutile. It is often preferred for use in paper,
ceramics, rubber and man-made fibers.
7
TiO[u]2 producers process titaniferous ores to extract a white pigment using
one of two different technologies. The sulfate process is a wet chemical process
that uses concentrated sulfuric acid to extract TiO[u]2, in either anatase or
rutile form. The sulfate process generates higher volumes of waste materials,
including iron sulfate and spent sulfuric acid. The newer chloride process is a
high-temperature process in which chlorine is used to extract TiO[u]2 in rutile
form, with greater purity and higher control over the size distribution of the
pigment particles than the sulfate process permits. In general, the chloride
process is also less intensive than the sulfate process in terms of capital
investment, labor and energy. Because much of the chlorine can be recycled, the
chloride process produces less waste subject to environmental regulation. Once
an intermediate TiO[u]2 pigment has been produced by either the chloride or
sulfate process, it is "finished" into a product with specific performance
characteristics for particular end-use applications through proprietary
processes involving surface treatment with various chemicals and combinations of
milling and micronizing.
The Company's TiO[u]2 plants are located in the four major world markets for
TiO[u]2: North America, South America, Western Europe and the Asia/Pacific
region. The North American plants, consisting of one in Baltimore, Maryland and
two in Ashtabula, Ohio have aggregate production capacities of 260,000 tpa using
the chloride process. The plant in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil has a capacity to
produce approximately 60,000 tpa using the sulfate process. The Company also
owns a mineral sands mine located at Mataraca, Paraiba, Brazil, which supplies
the Brazilian plant with titanium ores. The mine has over two million metric
tons of recoverable reserves and a capacity to produce over 120,000 tpa of
titanium ores, which are generally consumed in the Salvador TiO[u]2 plant, and
19,000 tpa of zircon and 2,000 tpa rutile TiO[u]2, which are sold to third
parties. The Company's Stallingborough, United Kingdom plant has
chloride-process production capacity of 150,000 tpa. The plants in France at Le
Havre, Normandy and Thann, Alsace have sulfate-process capacities of 95,000 tpa
and 30,000 tpa, respectively. The Kemerton plant in Western Australia has
chloride-process production capacity of 95,000 tpa.
The Company's TiO[u]2 plants operated at an average rate of 89%, 85% and 94%
of installed capacity during 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The decline in
the operating rate in 2001 compared to 2000 was primarily due to curtailment of
production at certain facilities in response to reduced market demand. The
increase in operating rate from 2001 to 2002 was primarily due to higher
production driven by increased market demand.
Titanium-bearing ores used in the TiO[u]2 extraction process (ilmenite,
leucoxene and natural rutile) occur as mineral sands and hard rock in many parts
of the world. Mining companies increasingly treat ilmenite to extract iron and
other minerals and produce slag or synthetic rutile with higher TiO[u]2
concentrations, resulting in lower amounts of wastes and by-products during the
TiO[u]2 production process. Ores are generally shipped by bulk carriers from
terminals in the country of origin to TiO[u]2 production plants, usually located
near port facilities. The Company obtains ores from a number of suppliers in
South Africa, Australia, Canada, Brazil, and Ukraine, generally pursuant to
one-to six-year supply contracts expiring in 2003 through 2006. Rio Tinto Iron &
Titanium Inc. (through its affiliates Richards Bay Iron & Titanium (Proprietary)
Limited and QIT-Fer et Titane Inc.) and Iluka Resources Limited are the world's
largest producers of titanium ores and upgraded titaniferous raw materials and
accounted for approximately 76% of the titanium ores and upgraded titaniferous
raw materials purchased by the Company in 2002.
Other major raw materials and utilities used in the production of TiO[u]2
are chlorine, caustic soda, petroleum and metallurgical coke, aluminum, sodium
silicate, sulfuric acid, oxygen, nitrogen, natural gas and electricity. The
number of sources for and availability of these materials is specific to the
particular geographic region in which the facility is located. For the Company's
Australian plant, chlorine and caustic soda are obtained exclusively from one
supplier under a long-term supply agreement. There are certain risks related to
the acquisition of raw materials from less-developed or developing countries.
A number of the Company's raw materials are provided by only a few vendors
and, accordingly, if one significant supplier or a number of significant
suppliers were unable to meet their obligations under present supply
arrangements, the Company could suffer reduced supplies and/or be forced to
incur increased prices for its raw materials. Such an event could have a
material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition, results of
operations or cash flows of the Company. At the present time, chloride- and
sulfate-process feedstock is available in sufficient quantities.
Of the total 627,000 metric tons of TiO[u]2 sold by the Company in 2002,
approximately 62% was sold to customers in the paint and coatings industry,
approximately 23% to customers in the plastics industry, approximately 12% to
customers in the paper industry, and approximately 3% to other customers. The
Company's ten largest customers accounted for approximately 40% of its TiO[u]2
sales volume in 2002. The Company experiences
8
some seasonality in its sales because its customers' sales of paint and coatings
are greatest in the spring and summer months.
TiO[u]2 is sold either directly by the Company to its customers or, to a
lesser extent, through agents or distributors. TiO[u]2 is distributed by rail,
truck and ocean carrier in either dry or slurry form.
The global markets in which the Company's Titanium Dioxide and Related
Products business segment operates are all highly competitive. The Company
competes primarily on the basis of price, product quality and service. Certain
of the Company's competitors are partially vertically integrated, producing
titanium-bearing ores as well as TiO[u]2. The Company is vertically integrated
at its Brazilian facility, which owns a titanium ore mine that supplies the
facility. The Company's major competitors in the TiO[u]2 business are E. I.
DuPont deNemours and Company ("DuPont"), Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation (both
directly and through various joint ventures) ("Kerr-McGee Chemicals"), a unit of
Kerr-McGee Corporation, Huntsman Tioxide ("Huntsman"), a business segment of
Huntsman International LLC, and, Kronos, Inc. ("Kronos"), a unit of NL
Industries Inc. Collectively, DuPont, the Company, Kerr-McGee Chemicals,
Huntsman and Kronos account for approximately three-quarters of the world's
production capacity.
In certain applications, TiO[u]2 competes with other whitening agents that
are generally less effective but less expensive. For example, paper
manufacturers have, in recent years, developed alternative technologies that
reduce the amount of TiO[u]2 used in paper by using kaolin and precipitated
calcium carbonate as fillers in medium- and lower-priced products.
New plant capacity additions in the TiO[u]2 industry are slow to develop
because of the substantial capital expenditure required and the significant lead
time (three to five years typically for a new plant) needed for planning,
obtaining environmental approvals and permits, construction of manufacturing
facilities and arranging for raw material supplies. Debottlenecking and other
capacity expansions at existing plants require substantially less time and
capital and can increase overall industry capacity. As of the date of this
report, no major new plant capacity additions or expansions have been announced
in the TiO[u]2 industry.
Related Products
The Company produces a number of specialty and performance TiO[u]2-related
products, some of which are manufactured at dedicated plants and others of which
are manufactured at plants that also produce other TiO[u]2 products.
Titanium Tetrachloride: The Company is the largest merchant seller of
TiCl[u]4 in North America and Europe. It produces TiCl[u]4 for merchant sales at
its plants in Ashtabula, Ohio and Thann, Alsace, France. TiCl[u]4 is distributed
by rail and truck as anhydrous TiCl[u]4 and as an aqueous solution, titanium
oxychloride. These products are sold into a wide variety of markets, including
the titanium metal, catalyst, pearlescent pigment and surface treatment markets.
The Company's principal competitors in the TiCl[u]4 market are Toho Titanium Co.
and Kronos.
Ultra-fine TiO[u]2 Products: Ultra-fine TiO[u]2 products are produced at the
Company's plant in Thann, Alsace, France. These non-pigmentary products with a
particle size of less than 150 nanometers in size are produced and sold for
their physico-chemical characteristics in various applications. The Company is a
major supplier of ultra-fine TiO[u]2 used to remove nitrogen oxides from power
plant emissions. The principal competitors in the ultra-fine TiO[u]2 products
market are Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd., Kerr-McGee Chemicals, and Tayca
Corporation.
Zirconium-based Compounds and Chemicals: A wide range of zirconium products
is produced at the Company's Rockingham, Western Australia plant. These products
are sold globally into the electronics, catalyst, glass, solid oxide fuel cells
and colored pigments markets. In addition, zirconium dioxide is sold internally
to the Company's TiO[u]2 operations and to other TiO[u]2 producers to enhance
the durability and treat the surfaces of various TiO[u]2 products. The Company's
principal competitors in this market are Daiichi Kigenso Kagakukgyo Co., Ltd.
and MEL Chemicals, a subsidiary of Luxfer Holdings, PLC.
Silica Gel: The Company produces several grades of fine-particle silica gel
at the St. Helena plant in Baltimore, Maryland, and markets them
internationally. Fine-particle silica gel is a chemically and biologically inert
form of silica with a particle size ranging from three to ten microns. The
Company's SiLCRON'r' brand of fine-particle silica gel is used in coatings as a
flatting or matting (gloss reduction) agent and to provide mar-resistance.
SiLCRON'r' is also used in food and pharmaceutical applications. SiL-PROOF'r'
grades of fine-particle silica gel are
9
chill-proofing agents used to stabilize chilled beer and prevent clouding.
Fine-particle silica gel is distributed in dry form in palletized bags by truck
and ocean carrier.
Cadmium-based Pigments: The Company manufactures a line of cadmium-based
colored pigments at its St. Helena, Maryland plant, and markets them
internationally. In addition to their brilliance, cadmium colors are light and
heat stable. These properties promote their use in such applications as artists'
colors, plastics and glass colors. Due to concern for the toxicity of heavy
metals, including cadmium, the Company has introduced low-leaching cadmium-based
pigments that meet all United States government requirements for landfill
disposal of non-hazardous waste. Colored pigments are distributed in dry form in
drums by truck and ocean carrier.
Acetyls
The following table sets forth information concerning the annual production
capacity, as of the date of this report, of the Company's principal Acetyls
products:
Millennium Chemicals' Acetyls Rated Capacity
(millions of pounds per annum)
Product Capacity
-------- --------
Vinyl Acetate Monomer.................................. 850
Acetic Acid............................................ 1,200
In addition, the Company owns an 85% interest in La Porte Methanol Company,
which owns a methanol plant with an annual production capacity of 207 million
gallons per annum. For a description of the plant and La Porte Methanol Company,
see "La Porte Methanol Company" below.
Vinyl Acetate Monomer
The Company is the second-largest producer of VAM in North America, and the
third-largest producer worldwide, based on reported production capacities. Its
VAM plant is located downstream from the Company's acetic acid plant at La
Porte, Texas. The process used by the Company to produce VAM is proprietary.
The principal feedstocks for the production of VAM are acetic acid and
ethylene. The Company obtains its entire requirements for acetic acid from its
internal production and buys all of its ethylene requirements from Equistar
under a long-term supply contract based on market prices.
The Company has a long-term agreement with DuPont to toll acetic acid
produced at the Company's La Porte, Texas plant through DuPont's nearby VAM
plant, thereby acquiring all the VAM production at DuPont's plant not utilized
internally by DuPont. The contract expires on December 31, 2006 but may be
extended by mutual agreement thereafter from year-to-year. The tolling
arrangement provided approximately 35% of the VAM available for sale by the
Company in 2002.
The Company sells VAM into domestic and export markets under contracts that
range in term from one to seven years, as well as on a spot basis. The majority
of sales are completed under contract. The pricing for domestic contracts
generally is determined by formula or index-based pricing in accordance with
movements in the costs of raw materials. The Company also sells VAM to Equistar
pursuant to a yearly contract at a formula-based price. The Company ships this
product by barge, ocean-going vessel, pipeline, tank car and tank truck. The
Company has bulk storage arrangements for VAM in the Netherlands, the United
Kingdom, Italy, Turkey and several Asian countries to better serve its
customers' requirements in those regions. Sales are made through the Company's
direct sales force and through agents and distributors. The Company's ten
largest VAM customers accounted for approximately 65% of its VAM sales volume in
2002.
The global market for VAM is highly competitive. The Company competes
primarily on the basis of price, product quality and service. The Company's
principal competitors in the VAM business are Celanese AG ("Celanese"), BP
P.L.C. ("BP"), The Dow Chemical Company ("Dow"), Acetex Chemie S.A., a
subsidiary of Acetex Corporation ("Acetex") and Dairen Chemical Corporation.
10
Acetic Acid
The Company is the second-largest producer of acetic acid in North America,
and the third-largest producer worldwide, based on reported production
capacities. Its acetic acid plant is located at La Porte, Texas. In 2002, the
Company used approximately 62% of its acetic acid production to produce VAM. The
Company utilizes proprietary technology to produce acetic acid.
The principal starting feedstocks for the production of acetic acid are
carbon monoxide and methanol. The Company purchases its carbon monoxide from
Linde AG ("Linde") pursuant to a long-term contract based primarily on cost of
production. Linde produces this carbon monoxide at the Company's synthesis gas
("syngas") plant at La Porte, Texas, which is owned by the Company and leased
to Linde pursuant to a long-term lease that commenced on January 18, 1999. La
Porte Methanol Company, 85% owned by the Company, supplies all of the
Company's requirements for methanol. See "La Porte Methanol Company" below.
Acetic acid not consumed internally by the Company is sold into domestic
and export markets under contract and on a spot basis. These contracts range in
term from one to five years. Pricing for domestic sales under these contracts
generally is determined by formula or index-based pricing in accordance with
movements in the costs of raw materials. Acetic acid is shipped by ocean-going
vessel, barge, tank car and tank truck. Sales are made through the Company's
direct sales force and through agents and distributors. The Company's ten
largest acetic acid customers accounted for approximately 85% of its acetic acid
sales volume in 2002.
The global market for acetic acid is highly competitive. The Company
competes primarily on the basis of price, product quality and service. The
Company's principal competitors in the acetic acid business are Celanese, BP,
Kyodo Sakusan, Acetex and Eastman Chemical Corp ("Eastman").
Specialty Chemicals
The Company is one of the world's leading producers of terpene-based
fragrance ingredients and a major producer of flavor ingredients, primarily for
the oral care markets. In addition, the Company supplies products into a number
of other applications, including initiators to the rubber industry,
intermediates to the vitamin market, and solvents and cleaners like pine oil to
the hard surface cleaner markets.
The Company operates manufacturing facilities in Jacksonville, Florida and
Brunswick, Georgia. The Jacksonville site has facilities for the fractionation
of crude sulfate turpentine ("CST"), the Company's key raw material for
producing fragrance ingredients. Through fractionation, the molecular components
of CST are separated into relatively pure individual materials such as alpha-
and beta-pinene. The Company believes it is the largest purchaser and distiller
of CST in the world based on the amount of CST processed. Sophisticated chemical
processes are then used to produce a number of fragrance and flavor ingredients.
The Jacksonville facility also produces synthetic pine oil, anethole,
l-carvone and coolants. Synthetic pine oil is an active ingredient in cleaning
products. Anethole is a flavor ingredient and sweetener used in mint
formulations primarily in the oral care market. L-carvone is the primary
component in spearmint oil. Coolants are used in confectionery, oral care and
other food and personal care applications. The Brunswick site produces linalool,
geraniol and dihydromyrcenol from the alpha-pinene component of CST. Linalool,
geraniol and dihydromyrcenol are fragrance ingredients used in a wide range of
fragrance applications including soaps, detergents and fine fragrances. Linalool
and geraniol are produced utilizing a proprietary and, the Company believes,
unique technology. Linalool and geraniol produced at the Brunswick site are
generally further processed at the Jacksonville site to produce fragrance
ingredients including citral, citronellol and dimethyloctanol. The Company
believes, based on production capacity, it operates the world's largest
dihydromyrcenol facility at Brunswick, with a rated annual capacity of over
three thousand tons.
CST is a by-product of the kraft process of papermaking. The Company
purchases CST from approximately 40 pulp mills in North America. Additionally,
the Company purchases quantities of gum turpentine or its derivatives from
Indonesia, China and other Asian countries, Europe and South America, as
business conditions dictate.
The Company has experienced tightness in CST supply from time to time,
together with corresponding price increases. Generally, the Company seeks to
enter into long-term supply contracts with pulp mills in order to ensure a
stable supply of CST. At the present time, sufficient quantities of CST are
available; however, the price of CST has
11
increased due to a decline in the quantity of CST available, which is a result
of decreased paper production by North American pulp mills.
Fragrance ingredients are used primarily in the production of perfumes. The
major consumers of perfumes worldwide are soap and detergent manufacturers. The
Company sells directly worldwide to major soap, detergent and fabric conditioner
producers. It also sells a significant quantity of product to the major
fragrance compounders and to producers of cosmetics and toiletries.
Approximately 70% of the Company's specialty chemical sales are to users of
fragrance ingredients, 20% are to users of flavor ingredients, and 10% are to
users of solvents and cleaners and industrial specialties. Approximately 60% of
the Company's 2002 specialty chemicals sales were made outside the United
States, to more than 45 different countries. Sales are made primarily through
the Company's direct sales force, while agents and distributors are used in
outlying areas where volume does not justify full-time sales coverage.
The markets in which the Company's Specialty Chemicals business segment
competes are highly competitive. The Company competes primarily on the basis of
price, quality, service and on its ability to produce its products to the
technical and qualitative requirements of its customers. The Company works
closely with many of its customers in developing products to satisfy their
specific requirements. The Company's supply agreements with customers are
typically short-term in duration (up to one year). Therefore, its Specialty
Chemicals business segment is substantially dependent on long-term customer
relationships based upon quality, innovation and customer service. Customers
from time to time change the formulations of an end product in which one of the
Company's fragrance ingredients is used, which may affect demand for such
ingredients. The Company's ten largest Specialty Chemicals business segment
customers accounted for approximately 57% of its total Specialty Chemicals
business segment revenue in 2002. The Company's major Specialty Chemicals
competitors are BASF AG, Givaudan SA, Derives Resiniques Et Terpeniques (DRT),
Kuraray Co. LTD and International Flavors & Fragrances Inc.
Research and Development
The Company's expenditures for research and development totaled $20
million, $20 million and $26 million in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Research and development expense decreased by approximately $6 million from 2000
to 2001 due to the Company's efforts to reduce selling, development and
administrative ("S,D&A") costs in the current economic environment. The Company
conducts research at facilities in Baltimore, Maryland, Stallingborough, United
Kingdom, Bunbury, Western Australia, Le Havre, Normandy and Jacksonville,
Florida. The Company's research efforts are principally focused on improvements
in process technology, product development, technical service to customers,
applications research and product quality enhancements.
International Exposure
The Company generates revenue from export sales (i.e., sales outside the
United States by domestic operations), as well as revenue from the Company's
operations conducted outside the United States. Export sales, which are made to
more than 90 countries, amounted to approximately 14%, 13% and 11% of total
revenues in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Revenue from non-United States
operations amounted to approximately 45%, 41% and 40% of total revenues in 2002,
2001 and 2000, respectively, principally reflecting the operations of the
Company's Titanium Dioxide and Related Products business segment in Europe,
Australia and Brazil. Identifiable assets of the non-United States operations
represented 35% and 28% of total identifiable assets at December 31, 2002 and
2001, respectively, principally reflecting the assets of these operations.
Identifiable assets of non-United States operations as a percentage of the
Company's total assets increased in 2002 compared to 2001 due to a decrease in
the Company's identifiable assets in the United States, primarily goodwill,
pension assets and the Company's investment in Equistar. See Notes 4 and 11 and
"Goodwill" in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this
Annual Report.
The Company obtains a portion of its principal raw materials from sources
outside the United States. The Company obtains ores used in the production of
TiO[u]2 from a number of suppliers in South Africa, Australia, Canada, Brazil
and Ukraine. The Company's Specialty Chemicals business segment obtains a
portion of its requirements of CST and gum turpentine and its derivatives from
suppliers in Indonesia, China and other Asian countries, Europe and
South America.
The Company's export sales and its non-United States manufacturing and
sourcing are subject to the usual risks of doing business abroad, such as
fluctuations in currency exchange rates, transportation delays and
12
interruptions, political and economic instability and disruptions, restrictions
on the transfer of funds, the imposition of duties and tariffs, import and
export controls and changes in governmental policies. The Company's exposure to
the risks associated with doing business abroad will increase if the Company
expands its worldwide operations. From time to time, the Company utilizes
derivative financial instruments to hedge the impact of currency fluctuations on
its purchases and sales.
The functional currency of each of the Company's non-United States
operations is the local currency. As a result of translating the functional
currency financial statements of all its foreign subsidiaries into US dollars,
consolidated Shareholders' equity increased by approximately $27 million during
2002, and decreased by $19 million during 2001 and by $46 million during 2000.
Future events, which may significantly increase or decrease the risk of future
movement in the currencies in which the Company conducts business, including the
Brazilian real or the euro, cannot be predicted.
The Company generates revenue from export sales and revenue from operations
conducted outside the United States that may be denominated in currencies other
than the relevant functional currency. The Company hedges certain revenues and
costs to minimize the impact of changes in the exchange rates of those
currencies compared to the functional currencies. The Company does not use
derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Net
foreign currency transactions aggregated gains of $3 million in 2002 and losses
of $7 million and $4 million in 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Equity Interest in Equistar
Through its 29.5% interest in Equistar, the Company is a partner in one of
the largest chemical producers in the world with total 2002 revenues of $5.5
billion and assets of $5.1 billion at the end of 2002. Equistar is currently the
world's third-largest, and North America's second-largest, producer of ethylene.
Ethylene is the world's most widely used petrochemical. Equistar currently is
also the third-largest producer of polyethylene in North America, and a leading
producer of performance polymers, oxygenated products, aromatics and specialty
products.
Equistar commenced operations on December 1, 1997, when the Company
contributed substantially all of the assets comprising its former ethylene,
polyethylene, ethanol and related products business to Equistar and Lyondell
contributed substantially all the assets comprising its petrochemical and
polymer business segments to Equistar. On May 15, 1998, the Company and Lyondell
expanded Equistar with the addition of the ethylene, propylene, ethylene oxide,
ethylene glycol and other ethylene oxide derivatives businesses of the chemicals
subsidiary of Occidental Petroleum Corporation ("Occidental"). On August 22,
2002, Occidental sold its 29.5% equity interest in Equistar to Lyondell,
bringing Lyondell's ownership interest in Equistar to 70.5%, with the Company
holding the remaining 29.5% interest. See the description of the Equistar
Partnership Agreement and Equistar Parent Agreement in "Equity Interest in
Equistar -- Management of Equistar; Agreements between Equistar, Lyondell and
the Company".
Equistar's petrochemical segment manufactures and markets olefins,
oxygenated products, aromatics and specialty products. Equistar's olefins
products are primarily ethylene, propylene and butadiene. Olefins and their
co-products are basic building blocks used to create a wide variety of products.
Ethylene is used to produce polyethylene, ethylene oxide, ethylene dichloride
and ethylbenzene. Propylene is used to produce polypropylene and propylene
oxide. Equistar's oxygenated products include ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol,
ethanol and MTBE. Oxygenated products have uses ranging from paint to cleaners
to polyester fibers to gasoline additives. Equistar's aromatics are benzene and
toluene.
Equistar's polymer segment manufactures and markets polyolefins, including
high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density
polyethylene, polypropylene and performance polymers. Polyethylene is used to
produce packaging film, grocery and trash bags, housewares, toys and lightweight
high-strength plastic bottles and containers for milk, juices, shampoos and
detergents. Polypropylene is used in a variety of products including carpets,
upholstery, housewares, automotive components, rigid packaging and plastic caps
and other closures. Equistar's performance polymers include enhanced grades of
polyethylene, such as wire and cable insulating resins, polymeric powders,
polymers for adhesives, sealants and coatings, reactive polyolefins, and liquid
polyolefins.
13
Equistar's Petrochemical Segment
Equistar produces petrochemicals at eleven facilities located in five
states. Equistar's Chocolate Bayou, Corpus Christi and two Channelview, Texas
olefin plants use petroleum liquids, including naphtha, condensates and gas oils
(collectively, "Petroleum Liquids"), to produce ethylene. The use of Petroleum
Liquids results in the production of a significant amount of co-products, such
as propylene, butadiene, benzene and toluene, and specialty products such as
dicyclopentadiene, isoprene, resin oil and piperylenes. Assuming the co-products
are recovered and sold, the cost of ethylene production from Petroleum Liquids
historically has been less than the cost of producing ethylene from natural gas
liquid feedstocks, including ethane, propane and butane (collectively, "NGLs").
For example, facilities using petroleum liquids historically have generated
approximately four cents additional variable margin on average per pound of
ethylene produced compared to using ethane. This margin advantage is based on an
average of historical data over a period of years and is subject to short-term
fluctuations, which can be significant. During the second half of 2001 and in
2002, the advantage has been significantly less than the historical average.
Equistar has the capability to realize this margin advantage due to its ability
to process petroleum liquids at the Channelview, Corpus Christi and Chocolate
Bayou, Texas facilities. Equistar's Channelview and Corpus Christi, Texas
facilities can process 100% and 70% Petroleum Liquids, respectively, or up to
80% and 70% NGLs, respectively, subject to the availability of NGLs. The
Chocolate Bayou facility processes 100% Petroleum Liquids.
Equistar's Morris, Illinois, Clinton, Iowa, Lake Charles, Louisiana, and,
La Porte, Texas plants are designed to use primarily NGLs, which primarily
produce ethylene with some co-products, such as propylene. Equistar's La Porte,
Texas facility can process heavier NGLs such as butane and natural gasoline. A
comprehensive pipeline system connects Equistar's Gulf Coast plants with major
olefin customers. Raw materials are sourced both internationally and
domestically from a wide variety of sources. The majority of Equistar's
Petroleum Liquids requirements are purchased via contractual arrangements.
Equistar obtains a portion of its olefin raw material requirements from
LYONDELL-CITGO Refining LP, a joint venture owned by Lyondell and CITGO
Petroleum Corporation ("LCR"), at market-related prices. Raw materials are
shipped via vessel and pipeline.
Equistar produces ethylene oxide and derivatives thereof, including
ethylene glycol, at facilities located at Pasadena, Texas and through a joint
venture located in Beaumont, Texas that is 50% owned by Equistar and 50% owned
by DuPont. Equistar produces synthetic ethanol at Tuscola, Illinois and
denatures ethanol at facilities in Newark, New Jersey. In March 2002, Equistar
permanently shut down its Anaheim, California facility for denaturing ethanol.
The following table outlines Equistar's primary petrochemical products and
the annual processing capacity for each product, as of January 1, 2003:
Product Annual Capacity
------- ---------------
Olefins:
Ethylene.......................................... 11.6 billion pounds(a)
Propylene......................................... 5.0 billion pounds(a)(b)
Butadiene......................................... 1.2 billion pounds
Oxygenated Products:
Ethylene oxide.................................... 1.1 billion pounds
Ethylene glycol................................... 1.0 billion pounds
Ethylene oxide derivatives........................ 225 million pounds
MTBE.............................................. 284 million gallons(c)
Ethanol........................................... 50 million gallons
Aromatics:
Benzene........................................... 310 million gallons
Toluene........................................... 66 million gallons
14
Specialty Products:
Dicyclopentadiene................................. 130 million pounds
Isoprene.......................................... 145 million pounds
Resin oil......................................... 150 million pounds
Piperylenes....................................... 100 million pounds
Alkylate.......................................... 337 million gallons(d)
Diethyl ether..................................... 5 million gallons
----------
(a) Includes 850 million pounds/year of ethylene capacity and 200 million
pounds/year of propylene capacity at Equistar's Lake Charles, Louisiana
facility. Equistar's Lake Charles facility has been idled since the first
quarter of 2001.
(b) Does not include refinery-grade material or production from the product
flexibility unit at Equistar's Channelview facility, which can convert
ethylene and other light petrochemicals into propylene. This facility has
an annual processing capacity of one billion pounds per year of propylene.
(c) Includes up to 44 million gallons/year of capacity operated for the benefit
of LCR.
(d) Includes up to 172 million gallons/year of capacity operated for the
benefit of LCR.
Ethylene produced by the La Porte, Morris and Clinton facilities is
generally consumed as raw material by the polymer operations at those sites, or
is transferred to Tuscola from Morris by pipeline for the production of ethanol.
Ethylene produced at Equistar's La Porte facility is consumed as a raw material
by Equistar's polymers operations and the Company's VAM operations in La Porte
and also is distributed by pipeline for other internal uses and to third
parties. Ethylene and propylene produced at the Channelview, Corpus Christi,
Chocolate Bayou and Lake Charles olefin plants are generally distributed by
pipeline or via exchange agreements to Equistar's Gulf Coast polymer and
ethylene oxide and glycol facilities as well as Equistar's affiliates and third
parties. Equistar's Lake Charles facility has been idled since the first quarter
of 2001. For the year ended December 31, 2002, approximately 70% of the ethylene
produced by Equistar, based on sales dollars, was consumed by Equistar's
polymers or oxygenated products business or sold to Equistar's owners and their
affiliates at market-related prices.
With respect to sales to third parties, Equistar sells a majority of its
olefin products to customers with whom it has had long-standing relationships,
generally pursuant to written agreements that typically provide for monthly
negotiation of price, customer purchase of a specified minimum quantity, and
three to six year terms with automatic one- or two-year extension provisions.
Some contracts may be terminated early if deliveries have been suspended for
several months.
Most of the ethylene and propylene production of the Channelview, Chocolate
Bayou, Corpus Christi and Lake Charles facilities is shipped via a pipeline
system that has connections to numerous Gulf Coast ethylene and propylene
consumers. Exchange agreements with other olefin producers allow access to
customers who are not directly connected to this pipeline system. Some ethylene
is shipped by railcar from Clinton, Iowa to Morris, Illinois and some propylene
is shipped by ocean-going vessel. A pipeline owned and operated by Williams
Pipeline Company is used to transport ethylene from Morris, Illinois to Tuscola,
Illinois.
The bases for competition in Equistar's petrochemical products are price,
product quality, product deliverability and customer service. Equistar competes
with other large domestic producers of petrochemicals, including BP, Chevron
Phillips Chemical Company LP ("Chevron Phillips"), Dow, ExxonMobil Chemical
Company ("ExxonMobil"), Huntsman Chemical Company, NOVA Chemicals Corporation
("NOVA Chemicals") and Shell Chemical Company. Industry consolidation has
concentrated North American production capacity under the control of fewer,
although larger and stronger, competitors.
Equistar's Polymer Segment
Through facilities located at nine plant sites in four states, Equistar's
polymer business unit manufactures a wide variety of polyolefins, including
polyethylene, polypropylene and various performance polymers.
Equistar currently manufactures polyethylene using a variety of
technologies at five facilities in Texas and at its Morris, Illinois and
Clinton, Iowa facilities. The Morris and Clinton facilities are the only
polyethylene facilities
15
located in the United States Midwest. These facilities enjoy a freight cost
advantage over Gulf Coast producers in delivering products to customers in the
United States Midwest and on the East Coast of the United States.
Equistar's Morris, Illinois and Pasadena, Texas facilities manufacture
polypropylene using propylene produced as a co-product of Equistar's ethylene
production as well as propylene purchased from third parties. Equistar produces
performance polymer products, which include enhanced grades of polyethylene and
polypropylene, at several of its polymer facilities. Equistar produces wire and
cable insulating resins and compounds at Morris, Illinois and La Porte, Texas
and wire and cable insulating compounds at Tuscola, Illinois and Fairport
Harbor, Ohio. Wire and cable insulating resins and compounds are used to
insulate copper and fiber optic wiring in power, telecommunication, computer and
automobile applications. In August 2002, Equistar permanently shut down its
Peachtree, Georgia wire and cable insulating compounds facility.
Equistar's polymers facilities have the capacity to produce annually 3.1
billion pounds of high density polyethylene, 1.5 billion pounds of low density
polyethylene, 1.1 billion pounds linear low density polyethylene and 680 million
pounds of polypropylene. Equistar's polymer facilities also produce wire and
cable insulating resins and compounds, polymeric powders, polymers for
adhesives, sealants and coatings, reactive polyolefins and liquid polyolefins.
These products are enhanced grades of polyethylene. Equistar's capacity to
produce these products is included in the capacity figures for polyethylene,
discussed above.
With the exception of the Chocolate Bayou polyethylene plant, Equistar's
polyethylene and polypropylene production facilities can receive their ethylene
and propylene directly from Equistar's petrochemical facilities via Equistar's
olefin pipeline system, third party pipelines or Equistar's own on-site
production. The polyethylene plants at Chocolate Bayou, La Porte and Pasadena,
Texas are connected to third parties and can receive ethylene via exchanges or
purchases. The polypropylene facility at Morris, Illinois receives propylene
from third parties.
Equistar's polymer products are primarily sold to an extensive base of
established customers. Approximately 45% of Equistar's polymers products volumes
are sold to customers under term contracts, typically having a duration of one
to three years. The remainder is generally sold without contractual term
commitments. In either case, in most of the continuous supply relationships,
prices may be changed upon mutual agreement between Equistar and its customer.
Equistar sells its polymer products in the United States and Canada primarily
through its own sales organization. It generally engages sales agents to market
its polymer products in the rest of the world. Polymers are distributed
primarily by railcar.
The bases for competition in Equistar's polymers products are price,
product performance, product quality, product deliverability and customer
service. Equistar competes with other large producers of polymers, including BP
Solvay Polyethylene, Chevron Phillips, Dow, Eastman, ExxonMobil, Formosa
Plastics, Huntsman, NOVA Chemicals, TotalFinaElf and Westlake Polymers. Industry
consolidation has concentrated North American production capacity under the
control of fewer, although larger and stronger, competitors.
Management of Equistar; Agreements between Equistar, Lyondell and the Company
Equistar is a Delaware limited partnership. The Company owns its 29.5%
interest in Equistar through two wholly owned subsidiaries of Millennium
Petrochemicals, one of which serves as a general partner of Equistar and one of
which serves as a limited partner. The Equistar Partnership Agreement governs,
among other things, the ownership, cash distributions, capital contributions and
management of Equistar.
The Equistar Partnership Agreement provides that Equistar is governed by a
Partnership Governance Committee consisting of six representatives, three
appointed by each general partner. Matters requiring agreement by the
representatives of Lyondell and the Company include changes in the scope of
Equistar's business, approval of the five-year Strategic Plan (and annual
updates thereof) (the "Strategic Plan"), the sale or purchase of assets or
capital expenditures of more than $30 million not contemplated by an approved
Strategic Plan, additional investments by Equistar's partners not contemplated
by an approved Strategic Plan or required to achieve or maintain compliance with
health, safety and environmental laws if the partners are required to contribute
more than a total of $100 million in a specific year or $300 million in a
five-year period, incurring or repaying debt under certain circumstances,
issuing or repurchasing partnership interests or other equity securities of
Equistar, making certain distributions, hiring and firing executive officers of
Equistar (other than Equistar's Chief Executive Officer), approving material
compensation and benefit plans for employees, commencing and settling material
lawsuits, selecting or changing accountants or accounting methods and merging or
combining with another business. All decisions of the Partnership Governance
Committee that do not require consent of the representatives of Lyondell
16
and the Company (including approval of Equistar's annual budget, which must be
consistent with the most recently approved Strategic Plan, and selection of
Equistar's Chief Executive Officer, who must be reasonably acceptable to the
Company) may be made by Lyondell's representatives alone. The day-to-day
operations of Equistar are managed by the executive officers of Equistar. Dan F.
Smith, the Chief Executive Officer of Lyondell, also serves as the Chief
Executive Officer of Equistar.
Millennium Petrochemicals and Equistar entered into an agreement on
December 1, 1997 providing for the transfer of assets to Equistar. Among other
things, such agreement sets forth representations and warranties by Millennium
Petrochemicals with respect to the transferred assets and requires
indemnification by Millennium Petrochemicals with respect to such assets. Such
agreement also provides for the assumption of certain liabilities by Equistar,
subject to specified limitations. Lyondell and Occidental entered into similar
agreements with Equistar with respect to the transfer of their respective assets
and Equistar's assumption of liabilities. Millennium Petrochemicals, Lyondell
and Occidental each remains liable under these indemnification arrangements to
the same extent following Lyondell's acquisition of Occidental's interest in
Equistar as it was before.
Equistar is party to a number of agreements with Millennium Petrochemicals
for the provision of services, utilities and materials from one party to the
other at common locations, principally La Porte, Texas. In general, the goods
and services under these agreements, other than the purchase of ethylene by
Millennium Petrochemicals from Equistar and the purchase of VAM by Equistar from
Millennium Petrochemicals, are provided at cost. Millennium Petrochemicals
purchases its ethylene requirements at market-based prices from Equistar
pursuant to a long-term contract. Equistar purchases its VAM requirements from
Millennium Petrochemicals at a formula-based price pursuant to a long-term
contract. Lyondell also entered into agreements with Equistar for the provision
of services. Pursuant to the Equistar Parent Agreement, the Company and Lyondell
have agreed to guarantee the obligations of their respective subsidiaries under
each of the agreements discussed above, including the Equistar Partnership
Agreement and the asset-transfer agreements.
Millennium America Inc. ("Millennium America"), a wholly owned indirect
subsidiary of the Company, had an indemnity agreement with Equistar pursuant to
which Millennium America could have been required under certain circumstances to
contribute to Equistar up to $750 million. This indemnity terminated upon the
closing of the purchase by Lyondell of Occidental's interest in Equistar. The
requirement under the December 1, 1997 asset transfer agreement to indemnify
Equistar with respect to the assets transferred to Equistar and the requirement
under the Equistar Partnership Agreement to make additional investments in
Equistar, each as described above, remain in effect to the same extent after
Lyondell purchased Occidental's interest in Equistar.
The Equistar Partnership Agreement and Equistar Parent Agreement contain
certain limitations on the ability of the partners and their affiliates to
transfer, directly or indirectly, their interests in Equistar. The following is
a summary of those limitations:
Equistar Partnership Agreement: Without the consent of the general partners
of Equistar, no partner may transfer less than all of its interest in Equistar,
nor can any partner transfer its interest other than for cash. If one of the
limited partners and its affiliated general partner desire to transfer, via a
cash sale, all of their units, they must give written notice to Equistar and the
other partner and the non-selling partner shall have the option, exercisable by
delivering written acceptance notice of the exercise to the selling partner
within 45 days after receiving notice of the sale, to elect to purchase all of
the partnership interests of the selling partner on the terms described in the
initial notice. The notice of acceptance will set a date for closing the
purchase, which is not less than 30 nor more than 90 days after delivery of the
notice of acceptance, subject to extension. The purchase price for the selling
partners' partnership interests will be paid in cash.
If the non-selling partner does not elect to purchase the selling partner's
partnership interests within 45 days after the receipt of initial notice of
sale, the selling partner will have a further 180 days during which it may
consummate the sale of its units to a third-party purchaser. The sale to a
third-party purchaser must be at a purchase price and on other terms that are no
more favorable to the purchaser than the terms offered to the non-selling
partner. If the sale is not completed within the 180-day period, the initial
notice will be deemed to have expired, and a new notice and offer shall be
required before the selling partner may make any transfer of its partnership
interests.
Before the selling partner may consummate a transfer of its partnership
interests to a third party under the Equistar Partnership Agreement, the selling
partner must demonstrate that the person willing to serve as the proposed
purchaser's guarantor has outstanding indebtedness that is rated investment
grade by Moody's Investor's Services, Inc. ("Moody's") and Standard & Poor's
("S&P"). If the proposed guarantor has no rated indebtedness
17
outstanding, it shall provide an opinion from a nationally recognized investment
banking firm that it could be reasonably expected to obtain suitable ratings. In
addition, a partner may transfer its partnership interests only if, together
with satisfying all other requirements (1) the transferee executes an
appropriate agreement to be bound by the Equistar Partnership Agreement, (2) the
transferor and/or the transferee bears all reasonable costs incurred by Equistar
in connection with the transfer and (3) the guarantor of the transferee delivers
an agreement to the ultimate parent entity of the non-selling partner and to
Equistar substantially in the form of the Equistar Parent Agreement.
Equistar Parent Agreement: Without the consent of Lyondell or the Company
(collectively, the "Parents") as the case may be, the other Parent may not
transfer less than all of its interests in the entities that hold its general
partnership and limited partnership interests in Equistar (the "Partner Sub
Stock") except in compliance with the following provisions.
Each Parent may transfer all, but not less than all, of its Partner Sub
Stock, without the consent of the other Parent, if the transfer is in connection
with either (1) a merger, consolidation, conversion or share exchange of the
transferring Parent or (2) a sale or other disposition of (A) the Partner Sub
Stock, plus (B) other assets representing at least 50% of the book value of the
transferring Parent's assets excluding the Partner Sub Stock, as reflected on
its most recent audited consolidated or combined financial statements.
In addition, any transfer of Partner Sub Stock by any Parent described
above is only permitted if the acquiring, succeeding or surviving entity, if
any, both (1) succeeds to and is substituted for the transferring Parent with
the same effect as if it had been named in the Equistar Parent Agreement and (2)
executes an instrument agreeing to be bound by the obligations of the
transferring Parent under the Equistar Parent Agreement, with the same effect as
if it had been named in the instrument.
The transferring Parent may be released from its guarantee obligations
under the Equistar Parent Agreement after the successor parent agrees to be
bound by the transferring Parent's obligations.
Unless a transfer is permitted under the provisions described above, a
Parent desiring to transfer all of its Partner Sub Stock to any person,
including the other Parent or any affiliate of the other Parent, may only
transfer its Partner Sub Stock for cash consideration and must give a written
right of first option to Equistar and the other Parent. The offeree Parent will
then have the option to elect to purchase all of the Partner Sub Stock of the
selling Parent, on the terms described in the right of first offer. If the
offeree Parent does not elect to purchase all of the selling Parent's Partner
Sub Stock within 45 days after the receipt of the initial notice from the
selling Parent, the selling Parent will have a further 180 days during which it
may, subject to the provisions of the following paragraph, consummate the sale
of its Partner Sub Stock to a third-party purchaser at a purchase price and on
other terms that are no more favorable to the purchaser than the initial terms
offered to the offeree Parent. If the sale is not completed within the further
180-day period, the right of first offer will be deemed to have expired and a
new right of first offer is required.
Before the selling Parent may consummate a transfer of its Partner Sub
Stock to a third party under the provisions described in the preceding
paragraph, the selling Parent shall demonstrate to the other Parent that the
proposed purchaser, or the person willing to serve as its guarantor as
contemplated by the terms of the Equistar Parent Agreement, has outstanding
indebtedness that is rated investment grade by either Moody's or S&P. If such
proposed purchaser or the other person has no rated indebtedness outstanding,
that person shall provide an opinion from Moody's, S&P or from a nationally
recognized investment banking firm that it could be reasonably expected to
obtain a suitable rating. Moreover, a Parent may transfer its Partner Sub Stock
under the previous paragraph only if all of the following occur: (A) the
transfer is accomplished in a nonpublic offering in compliance with, and exempt
from, the registration and qualification requirements of all federal and state
securities laws and regulations; (B) the transfer does not cause a default under
any material contract which has been approved unanimously by the Partnership
Governance Committee and to which Equistar is a party or by which Equistar or
any of its properties is bound; (C) the transferee executes an appropriate
agreement to be bound by the Equistar Parent Agreement; (D) the transferor
and/or transferee bear all reasonable costs incurred by Equistar in connection
with the transfer; (E) the transferee, or the guarantor of the obligations of
the transferee, delivers an agreement to the other Parent and Equistar
substantially in the form of the Equistar Parent Agreement; and (F) the
transferor is not in default in the timely performance of any of its material
obligations to Equistar.
18
La Porte Methanol Company
The La Porte Methanol Company is a Delaware limited partnership that owns a
methanol plant and certain related facilities in La Porte, Texas. The
partnership is owned 85% by the Company and 15% by Linde. Linde is also required
to purchase, under certain circumstances, an additional 5% interest in the
partnership. A wholly owned subsidiary of the Company is the managing general
partner of the partnership. A wholly owned subsidiary of Linde is responsible
for operating the methanol plant. The partnership commenced operations on
January 18, 1999 when the methanol plant and certain related facilities owned by
the Company were contributed to the partnership and Linde purchased its
partnership interest from the Company.
La Porte Methanol Company's methanol plant had an annual production
capacity of 207 million gallons as of December 31, 2002. The plant employs a
process supplied by a major engineering and construction firm to produce
methanol.
Methanol is used primarily as a feedstock to produce acetic acid, MTBE and
formaldehyde. The Company uses approximately 80 million gallons of La Porte
Methanol Company's annual methanol production for the manufacture of acetic acid
at the Company's La Porte, Texas acetic acid plant. The methanol produced by La
Porte Methanol Company not consumed by the Company or sold by Linde to a
customer of Linde is marketed by the Company on behalf of itself and Linde.
Methanol is sold under contracts that range in term from one to six years and on
a spot basis to large domestic customers. The product is shipped by barge and
pipeline.
The principal feedstocks for the production of methanol are carbon monoxide
and hydrogen, collectively termed synthesis gas or syngas. These raw materials
are largely supplied to La Porte Methanol Company from the Company's syngas
plant at La Porte, Texas, which is owned by the Company and leased to
Linde pursuant to a long-term lease that commenced on January 18, 1999.
La Porte Methanol Company also purchases relatively small volumes of hydrogen
from time to time from other parties.
La Porte Methanol Company's principal competitors in the methanol business
are Methanex Company, Saudi Basic Industries Corporation, and Caribbean
Petrochemical Marketing Company Limited.
Employees
At December 31, 2002, the Company had approximately 3,800 full- and
part-time employees. Approximately 3,100 of the Company's employees were engaged
in manufacturing, 500 were engaged in sales, distribution and technology, and
200 were engaged in administrative, executive and support functions.
Approximately one-fourth of the Company's United States employees are
represented by various labor unions, and a significant percentage of the
Company's European and Brazilian employees are represented by various worker
associations. Of the Company's nine collective bargaining agreements or other
required labor negotiations, four must be renegotiated on an annual basis, four
others must be renegotiated in 2003, and one must be renegotiated in 2004. All
required annual renegotiations relate to units outside the United States. The
Company believes that the relations of its operating subsidiaries with
employees, unions and worker associations are generally good.
Environmental Matters
The Company's businesses are subject to extensive federal, state, local and
foreign laws, regulations, rules and ordinances concerning, among other things,
emissions to the air, discharges and releases to land and water, the generation,
handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of wastes and other
materials and the remediation of environmental pollution caused by releases of
wastes and other materials (collectively, "Environmental Laws"). The operation
of any chemical manufacturing plant and the distribution of chemical products
entail risks under Environmental Laws, many of which provide for substantial
fines and criminal sanctions for violations. There can be no assurance that
significant costs or liabilities will not be incurred with respect to the
Company's operations and activities. In particular, the production of TiO[u]2,
TiCl[u]4, VAM, acetic acid, methanol and certain other chemicals involves the
handling, manufacture or use of substances or compounds that may be considered
to be toxic or hazardous within the meaning of certain Environmental Laws, and
certain operations have the potential to cause environmental or other damage.
Significant expenditures including facility-related expenditures could be
required in connection with any investigation and remediation of threatened or
actual pollution, triggers under existing Environmental Laws tied to production
or new requirements under Environmental Laws.
19
The Company's annual operating expenses relating to environmental matters
were approximately $46 million, $46 million and $47 million in 2002, 2001 and
2000, respectively. These amounts cover, among other things, the Company's cost
of complying with environmental regulations and permit conditions, as well as
managing and minimizing its waste. Capital expenditures for environmental
compliance and remediation were approximately $17 million, $19 million and $7
million in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. In addition, capital expenditures
for projects in the normal course of operations and major expansions include
costs associated with the environmental impact of those projects that are
inseparable from the overall project cost. Capital expenditures and costs and
operating expenses relating to environmental matters for years after 2002 will
be subject to evolving regulatory requirements and will depend, to some extent,
on the amount of time required to obtain necessary permits and approvals.
The Company cannot predict whether future developments or changes in laws
and regulations concerning environmental protection will affect its earnings or
cash flow in a materially adverse manner or whether its operating units,
Equistar or La Porte Methanol Company will be successful in meeting future
demands of regulatory agencies in a manner that will not materially adversely
affect the consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows
of the Company. For example, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (the
"TCEQ") submitted a plan to the United States Environmental Protection Agency
("EPA") requiring the eight-county Houston/Galveston, Texas area to come into
compliance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for ozone by 2007.
These requirements, if implemented, would mandate significant reductions of
nitrogen oxide ("NOx") emissions requiring increased capital investment by
Equistar of between $200 million and $260 million before the 2007 regulatory
deadline, as well as create higher annual operating costs. This result could
potentially affect cash distributions from Equistar to the Company. In January
2001, Equistar, individually and as part of an industry coalition, filed a
lawsuit in State District Court in Travis County, Texas seeking adoption of an
alternative plan for air quality improvement. In response to the lawsuit, the
TCEQ conducted an accelerated scientific review during 2001 and 2002. In
December 2002, the TCEQ adopted revised rules, which changed the required NOx
emission reduction levels from 90% to 80% while requiring new controls on
emissions of highly reactive volatile organic compounds ("HRVOCs"), such as
ethylene, propylene, butadiene and butanes. These new rules still require
approval by the EPA. Based on the 80% NOx reduction requirement, Equistar
estimates that its aggregate related capital expenditures could total between
$165 million and $200 million before the 2007 deadline, and could result in
higher annual operating costs. Equistar is still assessing the impact of the new
HRVOC control requirements. Additionally, the TCEQ plans to make a final review
of these rules, with final rule revisions to be adopted by May 2004. The timing
and amount of these expenditures are subject to regulatory and other
uncertainties, as well as obtaining the necessary permits and approvals. At this
time, there can be no guarantee as to the ultimate capital cost of implementing
any final plan developed to ensure ozone attainment by the 2007 deadline.
From time to time, various agencies may serve cease and desist orders or
notices of violation on an operating unit or deny its applications for certain
licenses or permits, in each case alleging that the practices of the operating
unit are not consistent with regulations or ordinances. In some cases, the
relevant operating unit may seek to meet with the agency to determine mutually
acceptable methods of modifying or eliminating the practice in question. The
Company believes that its operating units generally operate in compliance with
applicable regulations and ordinances in a manner that should not have a
material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position, results of
operations or cash flows of the Company.
Certain Company subsidiaries have been named as defendants, potentially
responsible parties (the "PRPs"), or both, in a number of environmental
proceedings associated with waste disposal sites or facilities currently or
previously owned, operated or used by the Company's current or former
subsidiaries or their predecessors, some of which are on the Superfund National
Priorities List of the EPA or similar state lists. These proceedings seek
cleanup costs, damages for personal injury or property damage, or both. Based
upon third-party technical reports, the projections of outside consultants or
outside counsel, or both, the Company has estimated its individual exposure at
these sites to be between $25 thousand and $26.7 million. In the most
significant of these proceedings, a subsidiary is named as one of four PRPs at
the Kalamazoo River Superfund Site in Michigan. The site involves contamination
of river sediments and floodplain soils with polychlorinated biphenyls.
Originally commenced on December 2, 1987 in the United States District Court for
the Western District of Michigan as Kelly v. Allied Paper, Inc. et al., the
matter was stayed and is being addressed under the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act. In October 2000, the Kalamazoo River
Study Group (the "KRSG"), of which one of the Company's subsidiaries is a
member, submitted to the State of Michigan a Draft Remedial Investigation and
Draft Feasibility Study (the "Draft Study"), which evaluated a number of
remedial options and recommended a remedy involving the stabilization of several
miles of river bank and the long-term monitoring of river sediments at a total
collective cost
20
of approximately $73 million. During 2001, additional sampling activities were
performed in discrete parts of the river. At the end of 2001, the EPA took
responsibility for the site at the request of the State. While the State has
submitted comments to the EPA on the Draft Study, the EPA has yet to similarly
comment. The Company has estimated its liability at this site based upon the
KRSG's recommended remedy. Guidance as to how the EPA will likely proceed with
further evaluation and remediation, if required, at the Kalamazoo site is
expected by early 2004. At that time, the Company's estimate of its liability
will be reevaluated. The Company's ultimate liability for the Kalamazoo site
will depend on many factors that have not yet been determined, including the
ultimate remedy selected by the EPA, the number and financial viability of the
other members of the KRSG as well as of other PRPs outside the KRSG, and the
determination of the final allocation among the members of the KRSG and other
PRPs.
The Company is defending a matter that involves the potential for civil
penalties or sanctions in excess of $100,000. In April 1997, the Illinois
Attorney General filed a complaint in Circuit Court in Grundy, Illinois alleging
releases into the environment from Millennium Petrochemical's former Morris,
Illinois facility (which was contributed to Equistar on December 1, 1997). The
Company believes it has substantial defenses to this action.
In 2002, the Company settled on favorable terms the matter of South
Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control v. Henkel Corp, Cognis
Corp, Millennium Petrochemicals Inc., et al., civil action no. 6:00-2570-20
(U.S. District Court for the District of South Carolina).
The Company believes that the reasonably probable and estimable range of
potential liability for environmental and other legal contingencies,
collectively, but which primarily relates to environmental remediation
activities and other environmental proceedings, is between $67 million and $95
million and has accrued $71 million as of December 31, 2002. The Company expects
that cash expenditures related to these potential liabilities will be made over
a number of years, and will not be concentrated in any single year. This accrual
also reflects the fact that certain Company subsidiaries have contractual
obligations to indemnify other parties against certain environmental and other
liabilities. For example, the Company agreed as part of its Demerger to
indemnify Hanson and certain of its subsidiaries against certain of such
contractual indemnification obligations, and Millennium Petrochemicals agreed as
part of the December 1, 1997 formation of Equistar to indemnify Equistar for
certain liabilities related to the assets contributed by Millennium
Petrochemicals to Equistar in excess of $7 million, which threshold was exceeded
in 2001. The terms of these indemnification agreements do not limit the maximum
potential future payments to the indemnified parties. The maximum amount of
future indemnification payments is dependent upon many factors and is not
practicable to estimate.
No assurance can be given that actual costs for environmental matters will
not exceed accrued amounts or that estimates made with respect to
indemnification obligations will be accurate. In addition, it is possible that
costs will be incurred with respect to contamination, indemnification
obligations or other environmental matters that currently are unknown or as to
which it is currently not possible to make an estimate.
Patents, Trademarks, and Licenses
The Company's subsidiaries have numerous United States and foreign patents,
registered trademarks and trade names, together with applications. The Company
has licensed to others certain of its process technology for the manufacture of
VAM. The Company is also licensed by others in the application of certain
processes and equipment designs related to its Acetyls business segment. The
Company generally does not license its Titanium Dioxide and Related Products
business segment's proprietary processes to third parties or hold licenses from
others. While the patents and licenses of the Company's subsidiaries provide
certain competitive advantages and are considered important, particularly with
regard to processing technologies such as the Company's proprietary titanium
dioxide chloride production process, the Company's proprietary acetic acid
process and the Company's proprietary terpene chemistry process, the Company
does not consider its business, as a whole, to be materially dependent upon any
one particular patent or license.
21
Executive Officers
The following individuals serve as executive officers of the Company:
Name Position
---- --------
William M. Landuyt............. Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer
Robert E. Lee.................. Executive Vice President - Growth and Development
C. William Carmean............. Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
Timothy E. Dowdle.............. Senior Vice President - Manufacturing, Operational Excellence
Businesses
Marie S. Dreher................ Senior Vice President - Strategic Development
Peter P. Hanik................. Senior Vice President - Technology
John E. Lushefski.............. Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Myra J. Perkinson.............. Senior Vice President - Human Resources
David L. Vercollone............ Senior Vice President - Commercial, Operational Excellence Businesses
Mr. Landuyt, 47, has served as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive
Officer of the Company since the Demerger. He has served as the President of the
Company since June 1997. Mr. Landuyt was Director, President and Chief Executive
Officer of Hanson Industries (which managed the United States operations of
Hanson until the Demerger) from June 1995 until the Demerger, a Director of
Hanson from 1992 until September 29, 1996, Finance Director of Hanson from 1992
to May 1995, and Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Hanson Industries
from 1988 to 1992. He joined Hanson Industries in 1983. He is a member and a
Co-Chairman of the Equistar Partnership Governance Committee. He is also a
director of Bethlehem Steel Corporation.
Mr. Lee, 46, has served as the Executive Vice President - Growth and
Development of the Company since March 2001. He was President and Chief
Executive Officer of Millennium Inorganic Chemicals from June 1997 to March
2001. From the Demerger to June 1997, he served as the President and Chief
Operating Officer of the Company. He has been a Director of the Company since
the Demerger. Mr. Lee was a Director and the Senior Vice President and Chief
Operating Officer of Hanson Industries from June 1995 until the Demerger, an
Associate Director of Hanson from 1992 until the Demerger, Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer of Hanson Industries from 1992 to June 1995, Vice
President and Treasurer of Hanson Industries from 1990 to 1992, and Treasurer of
Hanson Industries from 1987 to 1990. He joined Hanson Industries in 1982.
Mr. Carmean, 50, has served as Senior Vice President, General Counsel and
Secretary of the Company since January 2002. He was Vice President - Legal of
the Company from December 1997 to December 2001. He was Associate General
Counsel of the Company from the Demerger to December 1997, Associate General
Counsel of Hanson Industries from 1993 to the Demerger, and Corporate Counsel of
Quantum Chemical Corporation from 1990 until its acquisition by Hanson in 1993.
Mr. Dowdle, 51, has served as Senior Vice President - Manufacturing,
Operational Excellence Businesses of the Company since March 2001. He served as
Senior Vice President - Global Manufacturing of Millennium Inorganic Chemicals
from January 1999 to March 2001 and as Vice President - Manufacturing of
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals from September 1997 to January 1999. Mr. Dowdle
served as General Manager of Millennium Petrochemicals' Morris Complex from June
1993 to September 1997. He joined Millennium Petrochemicals in 1980.
Ms. Dreher, 44, has served as Senior Vice President - Strategic Development
of the Company since January 2003. She was Vice President - Finance of the
Company from March 2001 to December 2002. She served as Senior Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer of Millennium Inorganic Chemicals from August 2000
to March 2001. She was Vice President - Corporate Controller of the Company from
October 1996 to August 2000. Ms. Dreher
22
joined Hanson Industries in 1994 as Assistant Corporate Controller, and was
appointed Director - Planning and Budgeting in 1995.
Mr. Hanik, 56, has served as Senior Vice President - Technology of the
Company since March 2001. He was President and Chief Executive Officer of
Millennium Petrochemicals from March 1998 to March 2001. Prior to that time, he
was Vice President, Chemicals and Supply Chain of Millennium Petrochemicals,
where he was responsible for the Company's Acetyls business segment. Mr. Hanik
joined Millennium Petrochemicals in 1974. Mr. Hanik is a member of the Equistar
Partnership Governance Committee.
Mr. Lushefski, 47, has served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer of the Company since the Demerger. He was a Director and the Senior Vice
President and Chief Financial Officer of Hanson Industries from June 1995 until
the Demerger. He was Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Peabody
Holding Company, a Hanson subsidiary that held Hanson's coal mining operations,
from 1991 to May 1995 and Vice President and Controller of Hanson Industries
from 1990 to 1991. Mr. Lushefski initially joined Hanson Industries in 1985. Mr.
Lushefski is a member of the Equistar Partnership Governance Committee.
Mrs. Perkinson, 51, has served as Senior Vice President - Human Resources
of the Company since August 2002. Prior to re-joining the Company, she was Vice
President, People, Olefins & Polyolefins for NOVA Chemicals starting in April
2000. From 1997 to 1999, she was Vice President, Human Resources for Equistar.
Prior thereto, she was Vice President, Human Resources, for Millennium
Petrochemicals. Mrs. Perkinson joined Millennium Petrochemicals in 1973.
Mr. Vercollone, 55, has served as Senior Vice President - Commercial,
Operational Excellence Businesses of the Company since March 2001. He served as
Senior Vice President, Commercial Operations of Millennium Inorganic Chemicals
from 1998 to March 2001, and as Senior Vice President - Global Sales and
Marketing and General Manager - Americas of Millennium Inorganic Chemicals from
1997 to 1998. From 1990 to 1997, he was Vice President and General Manager -
Americas of Millennium Inorganic Chemicals. Mr. Vercollone joined Millennium
Inorganic Chemicals as Vice President Sales and Marketing in 1986 and served in
that position until 1990.
Item 2. Properties
Set forth below is a list of the Company's principal manufacturing
facilities (not including facilities of Equistar or of La Porte Methanol
Company), all of which are owned. In addition, the Company, along with
third-party equity investors who hold a minority ownership interest, owns a
mineral sands mine in Mataraca, Paraiba, Brazil, that supplies the Company's
TiO[u]2 plant in Brazil with titanium ore, and the Company owns a syngas plant
in La Porte, Texas, which it leases to Linde. The Company leases warehouses,
offices and its research facility in Baltimore, Maryland. The Company
believes that its properties are well maintained and are in good
operating condition.
Location Products
-------- --------
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products
Ashtabula, Ohio*..................................... TiO[u]2 and TiCl[u]4
Baltimore, Maryland (Hawkins Point)*................. TiO[u]2
Baltimore, Maryland (St. Helena)..................... Cadmium-based pigments and silica gel
Kemerton, Western Australia.......................... TiO[u]2
Le Havre, Normandy, France........................... TiO[u]2
Rockingham, Western Australia........................ Zirconium-based compounds and chemicals
Salvador, Bahia, Brazil**............................ TiO[u]2
Stallingborough, United Kingdom...................... TiO[u]2
Thann, Alsace, France................................ TiO[u]2, TiCl[u]4 and ultra-fine TiO[u]2
23
Acetyls
La Porte, Texas...................................... VAM and acetic acid
Specialty Chemicals
Brunswick, Georgia................................... Fragrance and flavor chemicals
Jacksonville, Florida................................ Fragrance and flavor chemicals
* The Company has two manufacturing plants at Ashtabula, Ohio, both of
which use the chloride process, and two manufacturing plants located
in Baltimore, Maryland (Hawkins Point), one of which uses the chloride
process for manufacturing TiO[u]2 and the other of which used the
sulfate process but is currently idle.
** Third-party equity investors hold a minority ownership interest in
this facility.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
The Company and various Company subsidiaries are defendants in a number of
pending legal proceedings relating to present and former operations. These
include several proceedings alleging injurious exposure of plaintiffs to various
chemicals and other materials on the premises of, or manufactured by, the
Company's current and former subsidiaries. Typically, such proceedings involve
claims made by many plaintiffs against many defendants in the chemical industry.
Millennium Petrochemicals is one of a number of defendants in 80 active
premises-based asbestos cases (i.e., where the alleged exposure to
asbestos-containing materials was to employees of third-party contractors or
subcontractors on the premises of certain facilities, and did not relate to any
products manufactured or sold by the Company or any of its predecessors).
Millennium Petrochemicals is also one of a number of defendants in one inactive
premises-based asbestos case where the court placed the claim on a formal
registry for dormant claims, and for which no defense costs are being incurred.
Millennium Petrochemicals is responsible for these premises-based cases as a
result of its indemnification obligations under the Company's agreements with
Equistar; however, Equistar will be required to indemnify Millennium
Petrochemicals for any such claims filed on or after December 1, 2004 related to
the assets or businesses contributed by Millennium Petrochemicals to Equistar.
Various other Company subsidiaries and alleged former subsidiaries are among a
number of defendants in 50 active premises-based asbestos cases.
Together with other alleged past manufacturers of lead-based paint and lead
pigments for use in paint, the Company, a current subsidiary, as well as alleged
predecessor companies, have been named as defendants in various legal
proceedings alleging that they and other manufacturers are responsible for
personal injury, property damage, and remediation costs allegedly associated
with the use of these products. The plaintiffs in these legal proceedings
include municipalities, counties, school districts, individuals and one state,
and seek recovery under a variety of theories, including negligence, failure to
warn, breach of warranty, conspiracy, market share liability, fraud,
misrepresentation and public nuisance.
Legal proceedings relating to lead pigment or paint are in various
procedural stages of pre-trial, post-trial and post-dismissal settings. These
legal proceedings are described below in groups pursuant to their particular
procedural posture. Pending legal proceedings relating to lead pigment or paint
in various pre-trial stages are as follows: The City of New York et al. v. Lead
Industries Association, Inc., et al., commenced in the Supreme Court of the
State of New York on June 8, 1989; Kayla Sabater et al., individually and on
behalf of all those similarly situated in the State of New York v. Lead
Industries Association, Inc., et al., commenced in the Supreme Court of New
York, Bronx County, on November 25, 1998; Jackson, et al. v. The Glidden Co., et
al., commenced in the Court of Common Pleas, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, on August
12, 1992; City of St. Louis v. Lead Industries Association, Inc., et al.,
commenced in the St. Louis, Missouri, Circuit Court on January 25, 2000; The
County of Santa Clara, a political subdivision of the State of California,
individually and on behalf of all those similarly situated v. Atlantic Richfield
et al., commenced in the Santa Clara County, California, Superior Court on March
23, 2000; Frederick Moore and Virginia Moore v. The Glidden Company, et al,
commenced on June 17, 2002, in the Court of Common Pleas, Hamilton County, Ohio;
Mark Ludwigsen v. NL Industries, Inc., et al, commenced on July 18, 2002, in the
Supreme Court, County of Kings, New York; and City of Chicago v. American
Cyanamid Company, et al, commenced on September 5, 2002, in the Circuit Court,
Cook County, Illinois.
24
One legal proceeding relating to lead pigment or paint was tried in 2002.
On October 29, 2002, after a trial in which the jury deadlocked, the court in
the State of Rhode Island v. Lead Industry Association, Inc., et al, commenced
in the Superior Court of Providence, Rhode Island, on October 13, 1999, declared
a mistrial. The sole issue before the jury in this phase of the proceeding was
whether lead pigment in paint in and on public and private Rhode Island
buildings constitutes a "public nuisance." On March 20, 2003, the court denied
the motions for judgment as a matter of law filed by both sides during and
after the trial. The State of Rhode Island may seek a new trial.
Legal proceedings relating to lead pigment or paint dismissed after summary
judgment was granted by the court in favor of the defendants, but pending appeal
are as follows: Steven Thomas, et al. v. Lead Industries Association, Inc., et
al., commenced in the Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, Circuit Court on September
10, 1999; Reginald Smith, et al. v. Lead Industries Association, Inc., et al.
commenced in the Baltimore City, Maryland, Circuit Court on September 29, 1999;
Mary Lewis, Tashswan Banks and Jacqueline Nye v. Lead Industries Association,
Inc., et al, filed on March 14, 2002, in the Circuit Court, Cook County,
Illinois; and New Jersey as In Re Lead Paint Litigation, consolidated on
February 11, 2002, in the Superior Court of New Jersey, Law Division: Middlesex
County, Case Code 702.
One legal proceeding relating to lead pigment or paint was dismissed after
summary judgment was granted by the court in favor of the defendants. Joan
Young, et al v. Lead Industries Association, Inc., et al, commenced on February
14, 2002, in the Baltimore City, Maryland, Circuit Court is no longer pending
and the appeal period has run.
Legal proceedings relating to lead pigment or paint, which have been
voluntarily dismissed by the plaintiffs are as follows: Jefferson County School
District v. Lead Industries Association, et al., commenced in the Circuit Court
of Jefferson County, Mississippi, on April 6, 2001; Quitman County School
District v. Lead Industries Association, et al., commenced in the Circuit Court
of Quitman County, Mississippi, on November 27, 2001; Carletta Justice v.
Sherwin-Williams Company, et al., commenced in the Superior Court in the County
of San Francisco on October 5, 2000, and amended in August 2002; and Spring
Branch Independent School District v. Lead Industries Association, et al.,
commenced in the District Court of Harris County, Texas, on June 20, 2000.
Legal proceedings relating to lead pigment or paint that are pending but
have been abated under the laws of the State of Texas pending resolution of the
appeal of a decision granting summary judgment in favor of one lead pigment
defendant in Spring Branch Independent School District v. Lead Industries
Association, and for which no defense costs will be incurred during the
abatement period (expected to last one to two years), are as follows: Houston
Independent School District v. Lead Industries Association, et al., commenced in
the District Court of Harris County, Texas, on June 30, 2000; Harris County v.
Lead Industries Association, et al., commenced in the District Court of Harris
County, Texas, on April 23, 2001; Liberty Independent School District v. Lead
Industries Association, et al., commenced in the District Court of Liberty
County, Texas, on January 22, 2002; and Brownsville Independent School District
v. Lead Industries Association, Inc., et al, filed on May 28, 2002, in the
District Court, Cameron County, Texas.
Legal proceedings relating to lead pigment or paint that have been filed
with a court, are pending, but have yet to be formally served on the Company,
any of its subsidiaries, or alleged predecessor companies, are as follows: Hall,
et al v. Lead Industries Association, et al., commenced in the Baltimore City,
Maryland, Circuit Court on June 19, 2000; Hart, et al v. Lead Industries
Association, et al., commenced in the Baltimore City, Maryland, Circuit Court on
June 26, 2000; Johnson, et al v. Clinton, et al., commenced in the Baltimore
City, Maryland, Circuit Court on October 10, 2000; Randle, et al v. Lead
Industries Association, et al., commenced in the Baltimore City, Maryland,
Circuit Court on August 10, 2000; Williams, et al v. Lead Industries
Association, et al., commenced in the Baltimore City, Maryland, Circuit Court on
July 7, 2000; William Russell, et al. v. NL Industries, et al., commenced in the
Circuit Court of LeFlore County, Mississippi on December 30, 2002; Myreona
Stewart, et al. v. NL Industries, et al., commenced in the Circuit Court of
LeFlore County, Mississippi on December 31, 2002; Will T. Turner v.
Sherwin-Williams Company, et al., commenced in the Circuit Court of Jefferson
County, Mississippi on December 30, 2002; and John Henry Sweeney v. The Sherwin
Williams Co., et al., commenced in the Circuit Court of Hinds County,
Mississippi on December 30, 2002.
25
The Company's defense costs to date for lead-based paint and lead pigment
litigation largely have been covered by insurance. The Company has not accrued
any liabilities for any lead-based paint and lead pigment litigation. The
Company has insurance policies that potentially provide approximately $1 billion
in indemnity coverage for lead-based paint and lead pigment litigation. As a
result of insurance coverage litigation initiated by the Company, an Ohio trial
court issued a decision in 2002 effectively requiring certain insurance carriers
to resume paying defense costs in the lead-based paint and lead pigment cases.
Indemnity coverage was not at issue in the Ohio court's decision. The insurance
carriers may appeal the Ohio decision regarding defense costs, and they have in
the past and may in the future attempt to deny indemnity coverage if there is
ever a settlement or an adverse judgment in any lead-based paint or lead pigment
case.
In 1986, a predecessor of a company that is now a subsidiary of the Company
sold its recently acquired Glidden Paints business. As part of that sale, the
seller agreed to indemnify the purchaser against certain claims made during the
first eight years after the sale; the purchaser agreed to indemnify the seller
against such claims made after the eight-year period. With the exception of the
two cases discussed below, all pending lead-based paint and lead pigment
litigation involving the Company and its subsidiaries, including the Rhode
Island case, was filed after the eight-year period. Accordingly, the Company
believes that it is entitled to full indemnification from the purchaser against
lead-based paint and lead pigment cases filed after the eight-year period. The
purchaser disputes that it has such an indemnification obligation, and claims
that the seller must indemnify it. Since the Company's defense costs to date
largely have been covered by insurance and there never has been a settlement
paid by, nor any judgment rendered against, the Company (or any other company
sued in any lead-based paint or lead pigment litigation), the parties'
indemnification claims have not been ruled on by a court.
A current subsidiary and an alleged predecessor company are parties to the
only two remaining cases originally filed within the eight-year period following
the 1986 sale of the Glidden Paints business referred to above. In the first of
these cases, The City of New York et al. v. Lead Industries Association, Inc.,
et al., commenced in the Supreme Court of the State of New York on June 8, 1989,
the New York City Housing Authority brought an action relating to tens of
thousands of public housing units. All claims in that case have been dropped
except for those relating to two housing projects. The other remaining case,
Jackson, et al. v. The Glidden Co., et al., commenced in the Court of Common
Pleas, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, on August 12, 1992, includes five minors as
plaintiffs. Dispositive motions were filed in that case in late 2002 and have
yet to be ruled on by the court.
The Company believes that it has valid defenses to all pending lead-based
paint and lead pigment proceedings and is vigorously defending them. However,
litigation is inherently subject to many uncertainties. There can be no
assurance that additional lead-based paint and lead pigment litigation will not
be filed against the Company or its subsidiaries in the future asserting similar
or different legal theories and seeking similar or different types of damages
and relief. While an outcome such as that reached in the Rhode Island proceeding
may have a positive effect on the lead-based paint and lead pigment litigation
against the Company, its subsidiaries and other defendants by reducing the
number and nature of future claims and proceedings, other adverse court rulings
or determinations of liability, among other factors, could encourage an increase
in the number of future claims and proceedings. In addition, from time to time,
legislation and administrative regulations have been enacted or proposed to
impose obligations on present and former manufacturers of lead-based paint and
lead pigment respecting asserted health concerns associated with such products
or to overturn successful court decisions. Due to the uncertainties involved,
the Company is unable to predict the outcome of lead-based paint and lead
pigment litigation, the number or nature of possible future claims and
proceedings, or the effect that any legislation and/or administrative
regulations may have on the Company or its subsidiaries. In addition, management
cannot reasonably estimate the scope or amount of the costs and potential
liabilities related to such litigation, or any such legislation and regulations.
Accordingly, the Company has not accrued any amounts for such litigation.
However, based upon, among other things, the outcome of such litigation to date,
including the dismissal of most of the over 50 lawsuits brought in recent years,
management does not currently believe that the costs or potential liabilities
ultimately determined to be attributable to the Company arising out of such
litigation will have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial
position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company.
On January 16, 2002, Slidell Inc. ("Slidell") filed a lawsuit against
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Inc., a wholly owned operating subsidiary of the
Company, alleging breach of contract and other related causes of action arising
out of a contract between the two parties for the supply of packaging equipment.
In the suit, Slidell seeks unspecified monetary damages. The Company believes it
has substantial defenses to these allegations and has filed a counterclaim
against Slidell.
26
The Company believes that it has valid defenses to the legal proceedings
described above and intends to defend these legal proceedings vigorously.
However, litigation is subject to many uncertainties and the Company cannot
guarantee the outcome of these proceedings. Based upon information currently
available, the Company does not believe that the outcome of these proceedings
will, either individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on
the consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the
Company. For additional information, see "Environmental and Litigation Matters"
in Item 7 and Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this
Annual Report.
For information concerning the Company's environmental proceedings, see
"Environmental Matters" in Item 1 of this Annual Report, which is incorporated
in this Item 3 by reference.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
Not applicable.
27
PART II
Item 5. Market for the Registrant's Common Equity and Related Shareholder
Matters
The Company's par value $0.01 per share common stock (the "Common Stock")
is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "MCH". The following
table sets forth the high and low trading prices per share of Common Stock in
each quarter of 2001 and 2002:
High Low
------ ------
2001
----
First quarter........................................... $19.00 $14.71
Second quarter.......................................... 17.69 14.85
Third quarter........................................... 15.75 9.00
Fourth quarter.......................................... 12.84 9.30
2002
----
First quarter........................................... $15.25 $11.28
Second quarter.......................................... 15.80 12.49
Third quarter........................................... 14.15 9.76
Fourth quarter.......................................... 11.26 7.79
The Company paid a dividend of $0.135 per share of Common Stock in each
quarter of 2002. In each quarter of 2001, the Company paid a dividend of $0.135
per share of Common Stock, which also carried a United Kingdom Notional Tax
Credit of $0.015 per share. As a result of the Company ceasing to be a resident
in the United Kingdom on February 4, 2002, US shareholders no longer receive a
United Kingdom Notional Tax Credit. On January 17, 2003, the Company declared a
dividend of $0.135 per share of Common Stock payable to all holders of record on
March 12, 2003. This dividend will be paid on March 31, 2003. The indenture
under which the 9.25% Senior Notes due June 15, 2008 (the "9.25% Senior Notes")
were issued contains certain restrictions on the ability of the Company to pay
dividends on the Common Stock. For a description of such restrictions, please
see "Financing and Capital Structure" in Item 7, Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and Note 8 to the
Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.
As of March 19, 2003, there were approximately 18,000 record holders of
Common Stock.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
The selected financial data included below were derived from the
Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company, and should be read in
conjunction with such financial statements, including the Notes thereto, and
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations," which are included in Part II, Items 8 and 7, respectively, of this
Annual Report.
During the fourth quarter of 2002, the Company changed from the last-in
first-out ("LIFO") method to the first-in first-out ("FIFO") method of
accounting for certain of its United States inventories in the Titanium Dioxide
and Related Products business segment. The method was changed in part to achieve
a better matching of revenues and expenses. The FIFO method, or methods that
approximate FIFO, are now used to determine cost for all inventories of the
Company. Information presented below and throughout this Annual Report has been
restated for all periods presented to reflect the change from the LIFO to FIFO
method.
28
Selected Financial Data
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------------------------------------
2002(1) 2001(1) 2000(1) 1999(1) 1998(1)(13)
--------- --------- --------- ---------- -----------
(Millions, except per share data)
Income Statement Data
Net sales....................................... $1,554 $1,590 $1,793 $1,589 $1,597
Operating income................................ 93 (3) 39 (6) 217 (9) 159 (11) 216(14)
Equity in (loss) earnings of Equistar........... (80) (90)(7) 39 (7) (19) (7) 40(15)
Income (loss) from continuing operations before
cumulative effect of accounting change....... 21 (4) (47)(8) 124(10) (332)(12) 171(16)
Cumulative effect of accounting change.......... (305)(5) -- -- -- --
124(10) (332)(12) 171(16)
Net (loss) income from continuing operations.... (284)(4) (47)(8)
Basic earnings (loss) per share from continuing
operations before cumulative effect of
accounting change............................ 0.33 (4) (0.75)(8) 1.94(10) (4.80)(12) 2.29(16)
Basic (loss) earnings per share from continuing
operations................................... (4.47)(4) (0.75)(8) 1.94(10) (4.80)(12) 2.29(16)
Dividends declared per share (2)................ 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54
Balance sheet data (at period end)
Total assets.................................... $2,467 $2,990 $3,255 $3,282 $4,141
Total liabilities............................... 2,009 2,072 2,227 2,230 2,521
Minority interest............................... 19 21 22 16 15
Shareholders' equity............................ 439 897 1,006 1,036 1,605
Other data (with respect to continuing operations)
Depreciation and amortization................... $ 102 $ 110 $ 113 $ 105 $ 102
Capital expenditures............................ 71 97 110 109 215
----------
(1) The restatement of the Company's results to reflect the acco unting change
from LIFO to FIFO had the following impact on net income (loss) for each of
the years presented above: increase of less than $1 million in 2002;
decrease of $4 million or $0.07 per share in 2001; increase of $2 million
or $0.04 per share in 2000; decrease of $6 million or $0.09 per share in
1999; and increase of $7 million or $0.11 per share in 1998.
(2) Amounts for 1998 through 2001 were previously reported at $0.60 per share,
which included dividends declared of $0.54 per share, plus United Kingdom
Notional Tax Credit of $0.06 per share. See Item 5 in this Annual Report
for more information regarding dividends.
(3) Includes a benefit of $6 from a reduction of reserves due to favorable
resolution of environmental claims related to predecessor businesses
reserved for in prior years.
(4) Includes an after-tax benefit of $4 or $0.06 per share from a reduction of
reserves due to favorable resolution of environmental claims related to
predecessor businesses reserved for in prior years and a benefit of $58 or
$0.91 per share from a reduction in the Company's income tax accruals due
to favorable developments related to matters reserved for in prior years.
(5) Reflects cumulative effect of change in accounting for goodwill of the
Company and Equistar in accordance with SFAS No. 142. See "Goodwill
Amortization and Unusual Items" in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in this Annual Report.
(6) Includes $36 in reorganization and plant closure charges and $13 of the
Company's goodwill amortization.
(7) Includes $10 of Equistar's goodwill amortization.
(8) Includes $24 after-tax or $0.38 per share in reorganization and plant
closure charges, an additional $4 or $0.07 per share representing the
Company's after-tax share of costs related to the shutdown of Equistar's
Port Arthur, Texas plant, $13 or $0.20 per share of the Company's goodwill
amortization, $10 or $0.16 per share
29
of Equistar's goodwill amortization and a benefit of $42 or $0.66 per share
from a reduction in the Company's income tax accruals due to favorable
developments related to matters reserved for in prior years.
(9) Includes $13 of the Company's goodwill amortization.
(10) Includes $13 or $0.20 per share of the Company's goodwill amortization and
$10 or $0.16 per share of Equistar's goodwill amortization.
(11) Includes $12 of the Company's goodwill amortization.
(12) Includes non-recurring charge for loss in value of the Equistar interest of
$639 ($400 after tax) to reduce the carrying value of the Equistar interest
to estimated fair value and $12 or $0.17 per share of the Company's
goodwill amortization and $10 or $0.14 per share of Equistar's goodwill
amortization.
(13) Includes six months of earnings of the Brazilian TiO[u]2 business acquired
on July 1, 1998.
(14) Includes $14 of the Company's goodwill amortization.
(15) Includes $9 of Equistar's goodwill amortization.
(16) Includes $14 or $0.18 per share of the Company's goodwill amortization and
$9 or $0.12 per share of Equistar's goodwill amortization.
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations
Introduction
The Company's principal operations are grouped into three business
segments: Titanium Dioxide and Related Products, Acetyls, and Specialty
Chemicals. Operating income and expense not identified to the three separate
business segments, consisting primarily of employee-related costs from
predecessor businesses and certain other expenses, are reflected as Other. The
Company also holds a 29.5% interest in Equistar, which is accounted for using
the equity method. (See Notes 1 and 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements
included in this Annual Report.) A discussion of Equistar's financial results
for the relevant period is included below, as the Company's interest in Equistar
represents a significant component of the Company's assets and Equistar's
results can have a significant effect on the Company's consolidated results of
operations.
The following information should be read in conjunction with the Company's
Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto. In connection with the
forward-looking statements that appear in the following information, please
carefully review the Cautionary Statements in "Disclosure Concerning
Forward-Looking Statements" included in this Annual Report.
Historical Cyclicality of the Chemicals Industry
The Company's income and cash flow levels reflect the cyclical nature of
the chemicals industries in which it operates. Most of these industries are
mature and sensitive to cyclical supply and demand balances. In particular, the
markets for ethylene and polyethylene, in which the Company participates through
its interest in Equistar, are highly cyclical, resulting in volatile profits and
cash flow over the business cycle. The global markets for TiO[u]2, VAM, acetic
acid, and fragrance and flavor chemicals are also cyclical, although to a lesser
degree. The balance of supply and demand in the markets in which the Company and
Equistar do business, as well as the level of inventories held by downstream
customers, has a direct effect on the sales volume and prices of the Company's
and Equistar's products. For example, if supply exceeds demand, producers are
often pressured to maintain sales volume with customers and, consequently,
pressure to reduce prices may result. This is especially true in periods of
economic decline or uncertainty, when demand may be limited and customers may
become cautious about building inventory. Producers, such as the Company and
Equistar, may respond in various ways depending upon the particular
circumstances, including by meeting competitive price reductions, short-term
curtailment of production, or longer-term temporary or permanent plant
shutdowns. In contrast, the Company believes that, over a business cycle, the
markets for specialty chemicals are generally more stable in terms of industry
demand, selling prices and operating margins.
Demand for TiO[u]2, which is influenced by changes in the gross domestic
product of various regions of the world, has fluctuated from year to year,
averaging an increase of approximately 2.5% to 3.0% per year over the last ten
years. The industry is also sensitive to changes in its customers' marketplaces,
which are primarily the paint and
30
coatings, plastics and paper industries. In recent history, consolidations and
negative business conditions within certain of those industries have put
pressure on TiO[u]2 prices as companies compete to keep volume placed.
Demand for ethylene and its derivatives and for acetyls has fluctuated from
year to year depending on various factors including but not limited to the
economy, industrial production, weather and threat of war. However, over the
last ten years, global demand for ethylene and its primary derivative,
polyethylene, has increased an average of approximately 5% per year. This
industry segment is particularly sensitive to capacity additions. Producers have
historically experienced alternating periods of inadequate capacity, resulting
in increased selling prices and operating margins, followed by periods of large
capacity additions, resulting in declining capacity utilization rates, selling
prices and operating margins. This cyclical pattern is most visible in the
markets for ethylene and polyethylene, resulting in volatile profits and cash
flow over the business cycle. Currently, there is overcapacity in these
industries, as a number of Equistar's competitors in various segments of these
industries have added capacity. There can be no assurance that future growth in
product demand will be sufficient to utilize current or any additional capacity.
Excess industry capacity has depressed and may continue to depress Equistar's
volumes and margins.
Profitability in the Acetyls business segment and in Equistar's businesses
is further influenced by fluctuations in the price of natural gas and feedstocks
for ethylene. It is not possible to predict accurately the effect that future
changes in natural gas and feedstock costs, market conditions and other factors
will have on the Company's or Equistar's profitability.
Different facilities may have differing operating rates from period to
period depending on supply and demand for the product produced at the facility
during that period and other factors, such as energy costs, feedstock costs and
transportation costs. As a result, individual facilities may be operated below
or above rated capacities, may be idled or may be shut down and restarted in any
period. It is possible that lower demand in the future will cause the Company or
Equistar to reduce operating rates or idle facilities.
The global economic and political environment continues to be uncertain,
contributing to lower operating rates, adding to the volatility of raw material
and energy costs, and forestalling recovery from trough conditions, all of which
is placing, and may continue to place, pressure on the Company's and Equistar's
results of operations.
Major Factors Affecting 2002 Results
o Demand for TiO[u]2 and acetyls products increased significantly over
prior-year levels as signs of economic recovery began to emerge in
most world markets except South America and customers rebuilt
inventory levels depleted during 2001.
o Unstable economic conditions prevailed in South America, resulting in
lower sales volume and prices in that region in 2002.
o After reaching their lowest level in more than five years in the first
quarter of 2002, TiO[u]2 prices rose steadily through the end of the
year, as price increases announced by the Company and most of its
competitors were gradually realized, supported by increased demand.
o The value of the euro, British pound and Australian dollar
strengthened versus the US dollar, further contributing to increasing
sales revenue when translated into US dollars. The Brazilian real
continued to weaken against the US dollar, contributing to declining
sales revenue in that region.
o TiO[u]2 manufacturing costs decreased in 2002 as compared with 2001
due to productivity and reliability improvements, lower cost of
natural gas and other purchased materials, the realization of benefits
from the Company's cost-saving initiatives, including the idling of
its high-cost sulfate-process TiO[u]2 plant in Hawkins Point, Maryland
at the end of the third quarter of 2001 and lower unit production
costs due to higher fixed cost absorption from higher production rates
as a result of increased customer demand.
o Acetyls prices rose steadily through the end of the year after
reaching a low early in the second quarter, as announced price
increases were realized.
o Acetyls margins in 2002 were greatly improved in comparison with 2001.
Higher demand resulted in lower per unit production costs due to
higher fixed cost absorption resulting from increased plant operating
rates. Unfavorable fixed-price natural gas purchase positions that
increased Acetyls operating loss in 2001 by $19 million expired at the
end of the first quarter of 2002.
31
o Acetyls feedstock costs, including costs of natural gas and ethylene,
remained relatively stable throughout much of the year, but increased
during the fourth quarter primarily due to unseasonably cold weather
in certain regions of the US and events in the Middle East.
o Conditions in the worldwide markets of the Specialty Chemicals
business segment remained competitive due to excess capacity, and
volume was negatively affected by competition from low cost
manufacturers in Asia. In addition, the Company's production
facilities for specialty chemicals experienced high maintenance and
production costs due to planned and unplanned production
interruptions.
o The Company reduced Selling, development and administrative ("S,D&A")
costs by $20 million or 14% from 2001.
o Higher interest costs were incurred primarily as a result of higher
average debt levels and the higher cost of debt due to the issuance in
June 2002 of $100 million additional principal amount of 9.25% Senior
Notes.
o At Equistar, operating results were slightly lower compared to 2001.
Higher polymers margins primarily due to lower raw material costs were
more than offset by lower margins in the petrochemicals segment
primarily as a result of lower sales prices.
Outlook for 2003
The Company has announced additional price increases for TiO[u]2 and acetyls
products during the first quarter of 2003. However, contracts with most of the
Company's large-volume TiO[u]2 customers include periods of price protection.
Therefore, the benefits of TiO[u]2 price increases, if implementation is
successful, may not be fully realized by the Company for several months after
the effective date of the price increases. The success of price increases in
both the TiO[u]2 and Acetyls business segments is dependent on continuing
economic recovery and accompanying strong customer demand. The TiO[u]2 business
segment expects sales volume and prices in the first quarter of 2003 to be up
slightly compared to the fourth quarter of 2002.
Natural gas and ethylene pricing is critical to profitability in the
Acetyls business segment. Natural gas prices have been on the rise since early
December due to unseasonably cold weather in certain regions of the US and
events in the Middle East. Natural gas prices and, as a result, the cost of
ethylene, have increased significantly in the first quarter of 2003. The Company
has responded by announcing price increases for acetyls products in the first
quarter of 2003. The higher costs could help to support the recently announced
price increases for acetyls products, but the increase in feedstock costs has
put pressure on margins in the Acetyls business segment. Acetyls price increases
have not been sufficient to offset rising natural gas prices; accordingly, the
profitability of the Acetyls business segment is expected to be adversely
affected in the first quarter of 2003. First quarter 2003 operating income is
expected to be positive for Acetyls but below fourth quarter 2002 levels.
First quarter 2003 operating results for the Specialty Chemicals business
segment are expected to improve slightly from the fourth quarter of 2002 based
on an increase in sales volume without the production outages and maintenance
that led to increased costs in the fourth quarter of 2002.
The Company has achieved reductions in production costs and S,D&A expenses
as a result of process improvement, cost reduction and cost containment
programs. These programs have been critical to achieving improved operating
profit levels and will continue to be a priority in 2003.
In the first quarter of 2003, the olefins and polyethylene industries
experienced significantly higher and more volatile energy and raw material costs
than in the fourth quarter 2002. Equistar has responded by implementing price
increases in the first quarter of 2003 for substantially all of its
petrochemicals and polymers products. However, the effect of historically high
energy-related feedstocks will make for a very difficult first quarter.
Equistar's ethylene cash costs have risen significantly faster than the
effective price increases Equistar has obtained or expects to obtain in the
first quarter. Due to price protection and market forces, typically, there is a
lag of weeks to months before a cost increase in Equistar's feedstocks
translates to full or partial price increase realization in polymers and
derivatives. Accordingly, the Company's equity loss in Equistar's results is
expected to be greater than the $35 million loss recorded in the fourth quarter
of 2002.
32
Industry analysts forecast that the olefins industry will experience
improved supply/demand conditions in 2003, driven by industry announcements of
plant shutdowns and maintenance turnarounds. However, unless global economic
uncertainties and energy market issues are resolved, the impact of high raw
material and energy costs could outweigh these benefits and could depress
demand. If global economic uncertainties and energy market issues are resolved,
it should result in reduced raw material costs and increased industrial
activity, which would benefit Equistar's operations.
As discussed in more detail in "Financing and Capital Structure" on page
44, the Company believes that it will not be in compliance with certain
financial covenants at June 30, 2003, unless economic and business conditions
improve significantly in the second quarter of 2003. Accordingly, the Company is
seeking a waiver or amendment to its credit agreement, which it expects to
obtain by June 30, 2003.
With the Company's lowered cost base and improved prices for its major
products during the first quarter, overall prospects for the Company's business
segments are expected to be favorable for 2003 compared to 2002; however, the
current global economic uncertainties and volatile energy markets could
significantly adversely affect these prospects as well as the prospects of
Equistar.
Pension Assets and Equity
Because of the recent declines in the financial markets, certain of the
Company's US and foreign pension plans had underfunded Accumulated Benefit
Obligations ("ABO") at the end of 2002. The Company is required to charge to
Shareholders' equity a minimum liability for any underfunded amount and the
existing prepaid pension asset related to the affected plans. The charge to
Shareholders' equity at December 31, 2002, net of income taxes, was $166
million. See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this
Annual Report.
Due to the reduction in the fair value of pension plan assets and the
Company's decision to reduce its assumptions for the expected return on pension
plan assets and the discount rate related to its pension plans, pension expense
for 2003 is expected to increase by approximately $9 million. Pension plan
funding requirements are not expected to materially change in 2003.
Income Tax Benefits
The Company's 2002 and 2001 results include income tax benefits due to
favorable developments related to items reserved for in prior years and the
recognition of deferred tax assets associated with net operating loss
carryforwards. These deferred tax assets, as well as any newly generated
deferred tax assets, are evaluated quarterly to assess the likelihood of
realization, which is ultimately dependent upon generating future taxable income
prior to expiration of the net operating loss carryforwards. If it were
considered to be more likely than not that the deferred tax assets would not be
realized, a valuation allowance would be established against some or all of the
deferred tax assets.
As a result of the Company's assessment of its net deferred tax assets at
December 31, 2002, based upon certain available tax planning strategies, the
Company considers it more likely than not that $75 million of its net deferred
tax assets will be realized in the future and therefore, no valuation allowance
was required for this portion of its net deferred tax assets at December 31,
2002. Should it be determined in the future that it is no longer more likely
than not that these assets will be realized, an additional valuation allowance
would be required and the Company's operating results would be adversely
affected during the period in which such determination would be made. The
Company currently expects that if it continues to report net operating losses in
future periods, income tax benefits associated with those losses would not be
recognized; and therefore, the Company's results would be adversely affected in
those periods.
33
Results of Consolidated Operations
2002 2001 2000
--------- --------- ---------
(Millions, except per share data)
Net sales.......................................... $1,554 $1,590 $1,793
Operating income................................... 93 (1) 39 (4) 217(7)
Equity in (loss) earnings of Equistar.............. (80) (90)(5) 39(8)
Income (loss) before cumulative effect of
accounting change............................... 21 (2) (47)(6) 124(9)
Cumulative effect of accounting change............. (305)(3) -- --
Net (loss) income.................................. (284)(2) (47)(6) 124(9)
Basic earnings (loss) per share before cumulative
effect of accounting change..................... 0.33 (2) (0.75)(6) 1.94(9)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share before
cumulative effect of accounting change.......... 0.33 (2) (0.75)(6) 1.93(9)
Basic (loss) earnings per share.................... (4.47) (0.75) 1.94
Diluted (loss) earnings per share.................. (4.44) (0.75) 1.93
----------
(1) Includes a benefit of $6 from a reduction of reserves due to favorable
resolution of environmental claims related to predecessor businesses
reserved for in prior years.
(2) Includes an after-tax benefit of $4 or $0.06 per share from a reduction of
reserves due to favorable resolution of environmental claims related to
predecessor businesses reserved for in prior years and a benefit of $58 or
$0.91 per share from a reduction in the Company's income tax accruals due
to favorable developments related to matters reserved for in prior years.
(3) Cumulative effect of change in accounting for goodwill of the Company and
Equistar in accordance with SFAS No. 142.
(4) Includes $36 in reorganization and plant closure charges and goodwill
amortization of $13.
(5) Includes $10 of goodwill amortization and $6 representing the Company's
share of costs related to the shutdown of Equistar's Port Arthur, Texas
plant.
(6) Includes $24 after-tax or $0.38 per share in reorganization and plant
closure charges, an additional $4 or $0.07 per share representing the
Company's after-tax share of costs related to the shutdown of Equistar's
Port Arthur, Texas plant, $23 or $0.36 per share of goodwill amortization
and a benefit of $42 or $0.66 per share from a reduction in the Company's
income tax accruals due to favorable developments related to matters
reserved for in prior years.
(7) Includes $13 of goodwill amortization.
(8) Includes $10 of goodwill amortization.
(9) Includes $23 or $0.36 per share of goodwill amortization.
During the fourth quarter of 2002, the Company changed from the LIFO method
to the FIFO method of accounting for certain of its United States inventories in
the Titanium Dioxide and Related Products business segment. The method was
changed in part to achieve a better matching of revenues and expenses. The FIFO
method, or methods that approximate FIFO, are now used to determine cost for all
inventories of the Company. The change increased operating income in the
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products business segment by less than $2 million
and positively impacted the net loss of the Company by less than $1 million or
$0.02 per share in 2002. The effect of the change on operating income for the
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products business segment was a decrease of $7
million and an increase of $4 million for the year 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Net (loss) income and net (loss) income per share of the Company were negatively
impacted by $4 million or $0.07 per share, respectively, for the year 2001 and
positively impacted by $2 million or $0.04 per share, respectively, for the year
2000. Information presented above and throughout this Annual Report has been
restated for all periods presented to reflect the change from the LIFO to FIFO
method.
34
Goodwill Amortization and Unusual Items
The comparability of the Company's results in 2002, 2001 and 2000 is
affected by a change in the accounting for goodwill and a number of unusual
items.
On January 1, 2002, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards ("SFAS") No. 142, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" ("SFAS No. 142"),
which applies to all goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a business
combination. Under this new standard, all goodwill, including goodwill acquired
before initial application of the standard, is not amortized but must be tested
for impairment at least annually at the reporting unit level, as defined in the
standard. Accordingly, the Company reported a charge for the cumulative effect
of a change in accounting principle of $275 million in the first quarter of 2002
to write off goodwill related to its Acetyls business. Also in accordance with
SFAS No. 142, Equistar reported an impairment of goodwill in the first quarter
of 2002. The write-off at Equistar required an adjustment of $30 million to
reduce the carrying value of the Company's investment in Equistar to its
approximate proportional share of Equistar's Partners' capital. The Company
reported this adjustment as a charge for the cumulative effect of a change in
accounting principle.
Goodwill amortization was suspended on January 1, 2002 in accordance with
SFAS No. 142. Results for each of the years 2001 and 2000 included $13 million
of expense in operating income for amortization of the Company's goodwill and
$10 million included in Equity in (loss) earnings of Equistar for the Company's
share of Equistar's goodwill amortization.
Unusual items increased results for 2002 by net after-tax income of $62
million or $0.97 per share and results for 2001 by net after-tax income of $14
million or $0.22 per share. Unusual items consisted of the income tax benefits
discussed under "Income Tax Benefits" above and certain other items presented in
the table below. The results for 2000 did not include any unusual items. The
provision for reorganization and plant closure costs recorded in 2001 and
included in the table below related to reorganization activities within each of
the Company's business segments. During the second quarter of 2001, $31 million
was recorded in connection with the Company's announced decision to reduce its
worldwide workforce and indefinitely idle its sulfate-process TiO[u]2 plant in
Hawkins Point, Maryland. The $31 million charge included severance and other
employee-related costs of $19 million for the termination of approximately 400
employees involved in manufacturing, technical, sales and marketing, finance and
administrative support, a $10 million write-down of assets and $2 million in
other costs associated with the idling of the plant. During the first quarter of
2001, the Company announced the closure of its facilities in Cincinnati, Ohio,
and recorded reorganization and other charges of $5 million in the Acetyls
segment. These charges included $3 million of severance and other termination
benefits related to the termination of about 35 employees involved in technical,
marketing and administrative activities, as well as $2 million related to the
write-down of assets, lease termination costs and other charges associated with
the Cincinnati facility. The office in Cincinnati was closed during the second
quarter of 2001. All payments for severance and related costs and for other
costs related to reorganization and plant closure have been made as of December
31, 2002.
35
Reconciliation of Net Income as Reported to Non-GAAP Measures
The following table sets forth a reconciliation of net income, as reported
in accordance with GAAP, to results of operations exclusive of goodwill
amortization and unusual items:
2002 2001 2000
------------------- ------------------- -------------------
Per Share- Per Share- Per Share-
Amount Basic Amount Basic Amount Basic
------ ---------- ------ ---------- ------ ----------
(Millions, except per share data)
Reported net (loss) income ......................... $(284) $(4.47) $(47) $(0.75) $124 $1.94
Change in accounting for goodwill:
Cumulative effect of accounting change .......... 305 4.80 -- -- -- --
Goodwill amortization ........................... -- -- 13 0.20 13 0.20
Equistar goodwill amortization .................. -- -- 10 0.16 10 0.16
Reduction in income tax accruals due to favorable
developments related to matters reserved for in
prior years ..................................... (58) (0.91) (42) (0.66) -- --
Reorganization and plant closure charges ........... -- -- 24 0.38 -- --
Reduction of reserves due to favorable resolution
of environmental claims related to predecessor
businesses reserved for in prior years .......... (4) (0.06) -- -- -- --
Company's share of costs related to shutdown of
Equistar's Port Arthur, Texas plant ............. -- -- 4 0.07 -- --
----- ------ ---- ------ ---- -----
Results exclusive of goodwill amortization and
unusual items ................................... $ (41) $(0.64) $(38) $(0.60) $147 $2.30
===== ====== ==== ====== ==== =====
Results Exclusive of Goodwill Amortization and Unusual Items
The following discussion of results of operations, as adjusted for the
change in accounting for goodwill and unusual items, should be considered in
conjunction with the preceding table, which provides an explanation and
quantification of the change in accounting for goodwill and of the unusual items
and also provides a reconciliation between results of operations, as adjusted
for the change in accounting for goodwill and for these unusual items, and
results of operations determined in accordance with GAAP.
The following table sets forth the Company's results exclusive of goodwill
amortization and unusual items:
2002 2001 2000
------ ------ ------
(Millions)
Net sales ..................................... .. $1,554 $1,590 $1,793
Operating Income ................................. 87 88 230
Equity in (loss) earnings of Equistar ............ (80) (74) 49
Net (loss) income ................................ (41) (38) 147
2002 Versus 2001
Excluding unusual items and the change in accounting for goodwill, the
Company's net losses for 2002 and 2001 were $41 million or $0.64 per share and
$38 million or $0.60 per share, respectively. The Company's business segments
operated at net income of $11 million or $0.16 per share in 2002, compared to
net income of $10 million or $0.15 per share in 2001, excluding goodwill
amortization and unusual items. The Company's after-tax equity loss from
Equistar of $52 million or $0.80 per share for 2002 increased by $4 million or
$0.05 per share, 8% more than the after-tax equity loss of $48 million or $0.75
per share for 2001, excluding goodwill amortization and unusual items.
36
Excluding unusual items and the change in accounting for goodwill,
operating income for 2002 of $87 million decreased by $1 million or 1% from
2001. This reflected decreases of $11 million and $6 million in the Titanium
Dioxide and Related Products and Specialty Chemicals business segments,
respectively, and an increase of $18 million in the Acetyls business segment
compared to 2001. Other operating income not identified with the three separate
business segments for 2002 decreased by $2 million compared to 2001, excluding
unusual items.
Net sales for 2002 of $1.554 billion decreased by $36 million or 2% from
2001 as higher sales volume in the Titanium Dioxide and Related Products and
Acetyls business segments was more than offset by lower selling prices. Although
average prices for many of the Company's products remained at lower levels
compared to the prior year, TiO[u]2 and acetyls prices, after reaching a low in
the first quarter of 2002, rose steadily through the end of the year as certain
of the Company's worldwide price increases for TiO[u]2 and for Acetyls'
principal products announced during 2002 were gradually realized. Specialty
Chemicals sales revenue for 2002 was lower than 2001 due to lower sales volume
as the business remained under significant competitive pressure.
Manufacturing costs decreased in 2002 as compared with 2001 due to
productivity and reliability improvements, lower cost of natural gas and other
purchased materials, and the realization of benefits from the Company's
cost-saving initiatives, including the idling of its high-cost sulfate-process
TiO[u]2 plant in Hawkins Point, Maryland at the end of the third quarter of
2001. Both the Titanium Dioxide and Related Products and Acetyls business
segments benefited from lower unit production costs due to higher fixed cost
absorption from higher production rates as a result of increased customer
demand. Results for the Acetyls business segment also improved in comparison
to 2001 as unfavorable fixed-price natural gas purchase positions entered
into during the first quarter of 2001 expired at the end of the first
quarter of 2002. These unfavorable contracts negatively impacted Acetyls
operating loss by $19 million in the last three quarters of 2001, while 2002
operating profit was reduced by only $7 million. Specialty Chemicals
manufacturing costs for 2002 were higher than 2001 due in part to planned
and unplanned production outages that increased unit production costs.
After a reduction of $54 million or 27% in 2001, SD&A costs were reduced in
2002 by an additional $14 million or 10%, excluding the reduction of reserves
due to favorable resolution of environmental claims related to predecessor
businesses reserved for in prior years. The Company continued to focus on its
cost reduction initiatives and received a full year of benefit from its June
2001 reorganization and reduction in workforce. The savings from these
initiatives were partially offset by higher incentive compensation costs in
2002.
The equity loss from Equistar, excluding unusual items and goodwill
amortization, included in the Company's net loss was $80 million in 2002 and $74
million in 2001. Higher polymer margins primarily due to lower raw material
costs were more than offset by lower margins in the petrochemical segment
primarily as a result of lower sales prices.
2001 Versus 2000
Net sales for 2001 decreased $203 million or 11% from 2000 primarily due to
weak demand in the Titanium Dioxide and Related Products business segment and
declining prices across all business segments. Operating income of $88 million
(excluding the reorganization charge of $36 million and goodwill amortization of
$13 million) decreased $142 million or 62% from 2000. All three business
segments were affected by the slowdown in the global economy. Excluding unusual
items and goodwill amortization, operating income in the Titanium Dioxide and
Related Products segment decreased $76 million or 51% from 2000. The Titanium
Dioxide and Related Products business segment experienced competitive pressure
on pricing globally, reduced sales volume and higher manufacturing costs,
primarily caused by lower fixed cost absorption due to reduced plant operating
rates. In the Acetyls business segment, 2001 operating results, excluding
unusual items and goodwill amortization, declined by $62 million or 106% from
2000 as the segment was severely impacted by declining prices during the third
and fourth quarters, the high cost of natural gas during the first quarter and
the impact of unfavorable fixed-price natural gas purchase positions entered
during the first quarter, which negatively impacted operating results by $19
million in the last three quarters of the year. Specialty Chemicals operating
profit of $12 million, excluding unusual items, was down $8 million or 40% from
2000. The Specialty Chemicals business segment remained under significant
competitive pressure. Other operating income and expense not identified with the
three business segments for 2001 increased $4 million from 2000, primarily due
to higher income from employee benefit plans related to predecessor businesses.
Excluding the reorganization charge of $36 million, the Company reduced S,D&A
costs by $54 million or 27% from 2000. This significant reduction in S,D&A costs
was achieved through the Company's cost-saving
37
initiatives, which included benefits from the Company's reorganization and
reduction in workforce, reduced external consultant fees, reduced employee
bonuses and travel, and various other cost reductions.
Excluding unusual items and goodwill amortization, the Company reported a
net loss of $38 million or $0.60 per share for 2001 compared to net income of
$147 million or $2.29 per share on a comparable basis for 2000. The decrease was
primarily due to an equity loss from Equistar, excluding unusual items and
goodwill amortization, of $74 million, compared to equity earnings of $49
million in 2000, and decreased operating results in all three business segments.
Segment Analysis
A description of the products and markets for each of the business segments
is included on pages 5 through 11 of this Annual Report. Additional segment
information is included in Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The
following discussion of results of operations, excluding unusual items and the
change in accounting for goodwill, should be considered in conjunction with the
table on page 35, which provides an explanation and quantification of the change
in accounting for goodwill and of the unusual items and also provides a
reconciliation between results of operations, excluding the change in accounting
for goodwill and these unusual items, and results of operations determined in
accordance with GAAP.
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products
2002 2001 2000
------ ------ ------
(Millions)
Net sales ........................................... $1,129 $1,145 $1,355
Operating income, as reported ....................... 63 42 148
Reorganization and plant closure charges ......... -- 30 --
Goodwill amortization ............................ -- 2 2
------ ------ ------
Operating income, excluding goodwill amortization
and unusual items ................................ 63 74 150
2002 Versus 2001
Operating income, excluding goodwill amortization and unusual items, for
2002 of $63 million decreased $11 million or 15% from the prior year. Lower
selling prices ($83 million) more than offset the favorable effects of lower
manufacturing and other costs of sales ($41 million), lower S,D&A expenses ($19
million) and higher sales volume ($12 million).
Net sales for 2002 decreased $16 million or 1% to $1.129 billion. Average
selling prices for 2002 were 7% lower than for 2001, decreasing sales revenue by
$83 million. After reaching their lowest level in more than five years in the
first quarter of 2002, TiO[u]2 prices rose steadily through the end of the year
as announced price increases were gradually realized. However, this increase in
prices was not sufficient to raise the average price for 2002 to the prior year
level. Average prices for 2002 were lower than 2001 in all three major TiO[u]2
markets and in all major geographic regions globally. This was partially offset
by a 6% increase in sales volume, which increased revenue by $67 million.
TiO[u]2 sales volume was higher than the prior year in all major geographic
regions globally except Central and South America. Sales volume was 8% higher
in the paint and coatings market and 15% higher in the plastics market. Sales
volume declined by 13% in the paper market, which continued to be depressed in
all major geographic regions except Europe, due to poor economic conditions and
the Company's election to reduce its participation in the fine paper markets in
light of unacceptably low margins.
The overall operating rate for the Company's TiO[u]2 plants in 2002 was 89%
compared to 85% for the prior year. Production was increased due to increased
market demand in 2002. The lower operating rate in 2001 was primarily due to
curtailment of production at certain facilities in response to weak market
demand in 2001.
Operating income was increased by $41 million as a result of lower
manufacturing and other cost of sales per metric ton in 2002 compared with the
prior year. Overall TiO[u]2 cost of sales per metric ton decreased 5% in 2002
primarily due to lower production costs resulting from higher fixed cost
absorption due to increased production, idling of the Hawkins Point plant,
reduced controllable and fixed costs due to productivity and reliability
38
improvements and cost-saving initiatives, lower utility costs and lower
distribution costs. This was slightly offset by the unfavorable effect of
translating local currency manufacturing costs into a weaker US dollar.
S,D&A costs in 2002 decreased by $19 million or 15% compared to 2001. The
Company continued to focus on its cost reduction initiatives and received a full
year of benefit from its June 2001 reorganization and reduction in workforce.
The savings from these initiatives were partially offset by higher incentive
compensation costs in 2002.
2001 Versus 2000
Operating income for 2001 of $74 million, excluding goodwill amortization
and unusual items, decreased $76 million or 51% from the prior year. The
decrease was primarily due to lower sales volume ($43 million), lower selling
prices ($42 million) and higher manufacturing costs ($30 million), partially
offset by lower S,D&A expenses ($39 million).
Net sales decreased 15% to $1.145 billion. Overall, sales volume was down
11% and average selling prices were down 5% from the prior year. Sales volume in
2001 was down compared to 2000 in all three major TiO[u]2 markets: paint and
coatings, 10%; plastics, 6%; and paper, 20%. TiO[u]2 sales volume was also down
in all major geographic regions globally. In addition, TiO[u]2 sales prices were
down in all three major markets and in all major geographic regions globally.
For all of 2001, global economic conditions restricted demand and fueled
competitive pricing situations in all markets, most notably in paint and
coatings and paper. The United States and European paper markets suffered
declining business conditions, adversely affecting TiO[u]2 volume and price into
these markets. These economic and business conditions continued in the fourth
quarter. TiO[u]2 sales volume and price in the fourth quarter of 2001 declined
16% and 9%, respectively, from the fourth quarter of 2000. Operating income for
the segment, excluding goodwill amortization, was $7 million for the fourth
quarter of 2001 compared to $18 million in the third quarter of 2001 and $38
million in the fourth quarter of 2000.
The overall operating rate for the Company's TiO[u]2 plants in 2001 was 85%
compared to 94% for the prior year. Production was curtailed in line with
reduced market demand. The Company idled its 44,000 tpa Hawkins Point, Maryland
sulfate-process plant and re-rated its Kemerton, Australia, and Ashtabula, Ohio
plants at the end of the third quarter of 2001, reducing annual nameplate
capacity from 712,000 to 690,000 metric tons.
The overall TiO[u]2 cost per metric ton increased 1% in 2001. Productivity
and reliability improvements, cost-cutting initiatives, and the benefit of
translating local currency manufacturing costs into a stronger US dollar were
more than offset by lower fixed cost absorption due to decreased production and
by increases in raw material costs compared to the prior year.
In 2001, S,D&A costs were $39 million or 24% lower than 2000. This
significant reduction in S,D&A costs was achieved through the Company's
cost-saving initiatives, which included benefits from the Company's
reorganization, reduction in workforce, reduced external consultant fees,
reduced employee bonuses and travel, and various other cost reductions.
Acetyls
2002 2001 2000
----- ---- ----
(Millions)
Net sales ................................................ $334 $355 $337
Operating income (loss), as reported ..................... 15 (19) 48
Reorganization and plant closure charges .............. -- 5 --
Goodwill amortization ................................. -- 11 11
---- ---- ----
Operating income (loss), excluding goodwill amortization
and unusual items...................................... 15 (3) 59
2002 Versus 2001
Operating income in the Acetyls business segment, excluding goodwill
amortization and unusual items, for 2002 of $15 million increased by $18 million
from an operating loss of $3 million on a comparable basis in 2001,
39
primarily due to lower production costs ($64 million) and higher sales volume
($10 million), partially offset by lower selling prices ($55 million) and higher
S,D&A expenses ($1 million).
Sales revenue for 2002 of $334 million decreased $21 million or 6% compared
to 2001, primarily due to lower selling prices ($55 million) across all product
lines, partially offset by higher sales volume ($34 million). Overall, sales
volume for 2002 increased 14% from 2001, driven primarily by strong acetic acid
demand due to competitor outages and growth in the purified terephthalic acid
business, for which acetic acid is a reaction medium. Average selling prices
declined by 14% in 2002 compared to 2001 due to high selling prices in the first
half of 2001, which were supported by high feedstock costs during that period.
During the second half of 2001, prices began to decline and continued to decline
until reaching a low early in the second quarter of 2002. Price increases
realized during the second, third and fourth quarters of 2002 were not
sufficient to return revenue to 2001 levels; however, profitability on sales in
2002 was much improved due to lower costs.
The Acetyls business segment benefited from lower feedstock costs and lower
unit production costs as increased demand resulted in higher fixed cost
absorption from higher production volume in 2002. Additionally, unfavorable
fixed-price natural gas purchase positions entered into during the first quarter
of 2001, which negatively impacted Acetyls 2001 operating loss by $19 million in
the last three quarters of 2001, expired at the end of the first quarter of
2002, negatively impacting 2002 operating profit by $7 million, a net benefit in
the effect of these contracts on cost of $12 million.
S,D&A costs for 2002 were $1 million or 7% higher than 2001.
2001 Versus 2000
The Acetyls business segment's operating loss, excluding goodwill
amortization and unusual items, for 2001 was $3 million, a decrease of $62
million or 105% from operating profit of $59 million in 2000. The decrease was
primarily due to higher production costs ($68 million), lower sales volume ($2
million) and lower selling prices ($1 million), partially offset by lower S,D&A
expenses ($9 million). Net sales increased $18 million to $355 million,
primarily due to higher prices and higher VAM sales volume in the first half of
the year compared to 2000. The operating loss, excluding goodwill amortization,
in the fourth quarter of 2001 was $10 million compared to breakeven results in
the third quarter of 2001 and income of $22 million in the fourth quarter of
2000, as deteriorating business conditions over the course of 2001 impacted the
Acetyls business segment.
The high cost of natural gas compared to the prior year and lower fixed
cost absorption due to decreased operating rates were the primary causes for
decreased profits in 2001. The Company did not enjoy the full benefit of lower
natural gas prices in the last half of the year because of unfavorable
fixed-price purchase positions entered into during the first quarter of 2001
that negatively impacted operating loss by approximately $19 million for the
year.
Average VAM prices for 2001 decreased 1% from the prior year, while acetic
acid and methanol prices increased 3% and 6%, respectively. With the declining
cost of natural gas, the global economic slowdown and continued oversupply in
the marketplace, price increases that were achieved during the first half of
2001 were eroded by rapidly falling prices in the second half. VAM volume
increased 9% in 2001 versus the prior year primarily due to the tolling
arrangement with DuPont offset by a generally weaker market. Acetic acid volume
was down 30% for the year 2001, due mainly to reduced merchant sales as a result
of acetic acid shipped to the DuPont facility under the tolling arrangement and
weak demand in the United States and Europe. Methanol volume increased 3% in
2001.
In 2001, S,D&A costs were $9 million or 39% lower than 2000. This
significant reduction was achieved through the Company's cost-saving
initiatives, which included benefits from the Company's reorganization and
reduction in workforce, reduced employee bonuses, and various other cost
reductions.
40
Specialty Chemicals
2002 2001 2000
---- ---- ----
(Millions)
Net sales ................................................. $91 $90 $101
Operating income, as reported ............................. 6 11 20
Reorganization and plant closure charges ............... -- 1 --
--- --- ----
Operating income, excluding unusual items ................. 6 12 20
2002 Versus 2001
Operating income for 2002 of $6 million was $6 million or 50% lower than
2001, excluding unusual items. The decrease was primarily due to higher
manufacturing and other cost of sales ($17 million) and lower sales volume ($4
million), partially offset by higher average selling prices ($15 million).
Net sales for 2002 increased $1 million or 1% to $91 million. The
weighted-average selling price for all Specialty Chemicals products increased by
19% over the 2001 weighted average, resulting primarily from a greater
proportion of higher-priced products sold and the favorable effect of
strengthening currencies against the US dollar. Sales volume was down 15% from
2001 as the marketplace remains fiercely competitive mainly due to price
pressure from low cost manufacturers in Asia.
The average cost of CST, the principal raw material for the business,
remained relatively level with the prior year. Production costs and other cost
of sales increased in 2002 compared to 2001 due to expenses incurred as a result
of planned and unplanned production outages and maintenance during the fourth
quarter of 2002 and lower fixed cost absorption resulting from decreased
production volume.
S,D&A costs were approximately equal to the prior year.
2001 Versus 2000
Operating income for 2001, excluding unusual items, was $12 million, a
decrease of $8 million or 40% from the prior year. The decrease was primarily
due to lower selling prices ($9 million) and lower sales volume ($1 million),
partially offset by lower S,D&A expenses ($2 million).
Net sales decreased 11% to $90 million. Fourth quarter 2001 operating
income was $1 million compared to $3 million in both the third quarter of 2001
and the fourth quarter of 2000.
Average selling prices were down 3% from 2000. Competitive conditions in
the fragrance chemical market adversely impacted prices, as did the continued
strength of the US dollar. Sales volume was down 9% from 2000 as a result of
competitive conditions and the global economic slowdown. The fourth quarter of
the year was particularly soft, resulting from global economic uncertainty.
The average cost of CST, the principal raw material for the business,
remained relatively level with the prior year.
In 2001, S,D&A costs were $2 million or 13% lower than 2000. This
significant reduction was achieved through the Company's cost-saving
initiatives, which included benefits from the Company's reorganization and
various other cost reductions.
41
Other
2002 2001 2000
---- ---- ----
(Millions)
Operating income, as reported ............................. $ 9 $5 $1
Reduction of reserves due to favorable resolution of
environmental claims related to predecessor
businesses reserved for in prior years .............. (6) -- --
--- --- ---
Operating income, excluding unusual items ................. 3 5 1
2002 Versus 2001
Operating income not identified with the three separate business segments
for 2002 was $2 million less than 2001, excluding a $6 million adjustment of
reserves due to favorable resolution of environmental claims related to
predecessor businesses reserved for in prior years.
2001 Versus 2000
Operating income not identified with the three separate business segments
for 2001 was $4 million higher than 2000, primarily due to higher income from
employee benefit plans related to predecessor businesses.
Equistar
Company's Share Reported by Equistar
-------------------- ----------------------
2002 2001 2000 2002(1) 2001 2000
---- ----- ---- ------- ----- ----
(Millions)
(Loss) earnings of Equistar ............................... $(73) $(83) $45 $(246) $(283) $153
S,D&A costs allocated to the Company's investment in
Equistar ............................................... (7) (7) (6) -- -- --
(Loss) earnings of Equistar as reported ................... (80) (90) 39 (246) (283) 153
Goodwill amortization .................................. -- 10 10 -- 33 33
Costs related to the shutdown of Equistar's Port
Arthur, Texas plant ................................. -- 6 -- -- 22 --
---- ---- --- ----- ----- ----
(Loss) earnings of Equistar, excluding unusual items and
goodwill amortization .................................. (80) (74) 49 (246) (228) 186
----------
(1) Before cumulative effect of accounting change
2002 Versus 2001
The Company recorded an equity loss from Equistar of $80 million in 2002
compared to an equity loss of $74 million, excluding unusual items and goodwill
amortization, in 2001. Equistar reported a loss for 2002 of $246 million, before
the cumulative effect of an accounting change, compared to a loss of $228
million, excluding unusual items and goodwill amortization, for 2001. Equistar's
operating losses in 2002 of $44 million were equal to the prior year, excluding
unusual items and goodwill amortization. Operating income in the petrochemical
segment decreased by $129 million compared to the prior year, while the polymer
segment reported operating losses of $112 million lower than those incurred in
2001 and unallocated expenses decreased by $17 million, excluding unusual items
and goodwill amortization. Equistar's interest costs increased by $13 million in
2002 compared to 2001.
Operating income in the petrochemical segment of $146 million for 2002
decreased $129 million or 47% from the prior year as sales prices decreased more
than raw material costs, resulting in lower product margins in 2002 compared to
2001. The effect of the lower 2002 product margins was only partly offset by the
benefit of a 4%
42
increase in sales volume, which was in line with industry demand growth.
Equistar's sales prices in 2002 averaged 11% lower than in 2001, reflecting
lower raw material costs and low demand growth coupled with excess industry
capacity. These lower sales prices were slightly offset by higher 2002
co-product propylene sales prices. Cost of sales decreased 6% compared to the
prior year, 2% less than the percent decrease in revenues. While the costs of
natural gas and natural gas liquid raw materials decreased from historically
high levels experienced in 2001, other raw material costs, such as heavy
liquids, did not decrease similarly.
The operating loss in the polymer segment of $74 million for 2002 decreased
$112 million compared to the operating loss of $186 million in 2001. The $112
million improvement was due to higher polymer product margins and, to a lesser
extent, higher sales volume. Margins improved in 2002 compared to 2001, as
decreases in sales prices were less than the decreases in polymer raw material
costs. Sales prices decreased by 9% from 2001, partially offset by a 4% increase
in sales volume. Lower sales prices in 2002 reflected generally lower raw
material costs compared to 2001. Sales volume increased due to stronger demand
in 2002 compared to 2001. Cost of sales decreased 10% compared to the prior
year, or 4% more than the percent decrease in revenues. The decrease during 2002
reflected lower raw material costs, primarily ethylene, and lower energy costs,
partly offset by the 4% increase in sales volume. Benchmark ethylene prices were
16% lower and were only partly offset by a 3% increase in benchmark propylene
prices in 2002 compared to 2001.
2001 Versus 2000
An equity loss of $74 million, excluding unusual items and goodwill
amortization, was recorded in 2001 compared to equity income of $49 million on a
comparable basis in 2000. Equistar reported a net loss for 2001 of $283 million
compared to net income of $153 million for 2000. Operating profits were lower
than the prior year in the petrochemical segment. Equistar's polymer segment
experienced operating losses similar to those incurred in 2000. Overall, lower
demand and selling prices were only partially offset by lower costs.
Additionally, Equistar's interest costs increased by $7 million in 2001 compared
to 2000.
Petrochemical segment operating profit for 2001 was 60% below the prior
year. Sales volume for this segment decreased by 12% from the prior year, while
the average selling price dropped 15% year over year. Cost of sales for this
segment decreased 19% compared to the prior year. The effect of the decrease in
sales volume and lower average raw material costs was partly offset by decreases
in co-product prices. Benchmark crude oil prices, which affect the cost of raw
materials, averaged 14% lower in 2001 compared to 2000, while benchmark prices
for co-product propylene averaged 23% lower in 2001 compared to 2000.
Interest Expense
2002 2001 2000
---- ---- ----
(Millions)
Interest expense, net ................................... $86 $82 $77
During 2002, interest expense, net of interest income, increased $4 million
to $86 million from $82 million in the prior year. The $4 million increase in
interest expense was due to higher average debt levels throughout the year
compared to the prior year and the higher cost of debt due to the Company's
issuance of additional 9.25% Senior Notes described below in "Liquidity and
Capital Resources". Interest expense, net in 2001 was $82 million versus $77
million in 2000, primarily due to higher debt levels throughout the year and the
Company's refinancing of debt in 2001, which included the issuance of 9.25%
Senior Notes.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company has historically financed its operations primarily through cash
generated from its operations and cash distributions from Equistar. Cash
generated from operations is to a large extent dependent on economic, financial,
competitive and other factors affecting the Company's businesses. The amount of
cash distributions received from Equistar is affected by Equistar's results of
operations and current and expected future cash flow requirements. The Company
has not received any cash distributions from Equistar since 2000 and it is
unlikely the Company will receive any cash distributions from Equistar in 2003.
43
Cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2002
was $84 million compared to $112 million provided in the year ended December 31,
2001. The $28 million decrease was primarily due to movements in trade
receivables and trade accounts payable that were favorable to a lesser extent
during 2002 compared to the prior year ($128 million) and unfavorable movements
in other current assets compared to favorable movements in the prior year ($53
million), partially offset by higher operating income before depreciation and
amortization ($46 million), movements in other long-term liabilities that were
unfavorable to a lesser extent during 2002 compared to the prior year ($51
million, including $12 million proceeds from termination of interest rate
swaps), and favorable movements in inventories, accrued expenses and other
liabilities and taxes payable compared to unfavorable movements in the prior
year ($57 million). Various other changes resulted in a net unfavorable movement
compared to the prior year ($1 million).
Cash used in investing activities in the year ended December 31, 2002 was
$70 million compared to $78 million used in 2001. The Company spent
approximately $71 million in 2002 for capital expenditures, down from $97
million in 2001. Also during 2002, the Company received $1 million in proceeds
from sales of Property, plant and equipment, a decrease of $18 million from the
$19 million in proceeds received in 2001, which included proceeds of $17 million
from the Research Center Sale Leaseback transaction more fully described in Note
3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report. There
were no cash distributions from Equistar in 2002 or 2001.
Cash used in financing activities was $2 million in the year ended 2002
compared to $22 million used in 2001. Financing activities in 2002 included $33
million of net debt proceeds, while 2001 included $13 million of net debt
proceeds. Dividends paid to shareholders totaled $35 million in both years.
In 2001, the Company's cash flows from operations increased to $112 million
from $20 million in 2000. Aggressive efforts in 2001 to collect accounts
receivable, reduce raw materials inventory levels and extend vendor terms
resulted in cash generation of $144 million. Capital expenditures for 2001 were
$97 million, down from $110 million in 2000. There were no distributions from
Equistar in 2001, while $83 million was received during 2000. In 2000, the
Company paid $151 million in taxes and interest to settle certain issues
relating to the tax years 1986 through 1988. In addition, the Company utilized
$65 million in 2000 to repurchase a total of 3,500,000 shares of Common Stock,
representing 5% of the total shares outstanding at the beginning of 2000.
Net debt (short-term and long-term debt less cash) at December 31, 2002
totaled $1.103 billion versus $1.073 billion at the end of 2001. At December 31,
2002, the Company had approximately $198 million of unused availability under
short-term uncommitted lines of credit and its five-year credit agreement (the
"Credit Agreement"). The Company's focus in 2003 is to sustain the benefits of
cost reduction efforts achieved to date, and manage working capital and capital
spending to levels deemed reasonable given the current state of business
performance. The Company believes these efforts, along with the borrowing
availability under the Credit Agreement, will be sufficient to fund the
Company's cash requirements.
At March 19, 2003, the Company had $71 million outstanding ($60 million of
outstanding borrowings, and outstanding letters of credit of $11 million) under
the revolving loan portion of the Credit Agreement (the "Revolving Loans") and,
accordingly, had $104 million of unused availability under such facility at
March 19, 2003. In addition, the Company had $49 million outstanding under the
term loan portion of the Credit Agreement (the "Term Loans") at March 19, 2003.
Additionally, at March 19, 2003, the Company had unused availability under
short-term uncommitted lines of credit, other than the Credit Agreement, of $41
million. For a discussion of the covenants under the Credit Agreement, see
"Financing and Capital Structure" on page 44.
Capital Expenditures
2002 2001 2000
---- ---- ----
(Millions)
Additions to property, plant and equipment............... $71 $97 $110
Capital spending for 2002 was $71 million compared to depreciation and
amortization of $102 million. The 27% decrease in capital spending from 2001
reflects the Company's continued focus on optimization of its capital base.
Major expenditures included installation of a dredge and certain related
processing equipment at the mine in Mataraca, Paraiba, Brazil, and environmental
improvement projects at the Company's TiO[u]2 manufacturing locations
44
in France and the United States. In addition, expenditures included
cost-reduction and yield-improvement projects at various sites.
Planned capital spending in 2003 is projected to be at a similar level to
2002.
Capital spending for 2001 was $97 million compared to depreciation and
amortization of $110 million. The 12% decrease in capital spending from 2000
reflected the Company's focus on optimization of its capital base. Major
expenditures included continuation of projects begun in 2000, including design
and installation of a dredge and certain related processing equipment in
Mataraca, Paraiba, Brazil, and the design and construction of new TiO[u]2
packaging equipment, as well as environmental improvement projects at the
Company's TiO[u]2 manufacturing locations in France. In addition, expenditures
included cost reduction and yield improvement projects at various sites.
Capital expenditures in 2000 totaled $110 million, which was similar to
1999 levels. Significant capital expenditures during 2000 included multi-year
projects, such as the design and construction of new packaging equipment at
several of the Company's TiO[u]2 manufacturing facilities and the dredge project
at the Company's raw material mine in Mataraca, Paraiba, Brazil. Expenditures
also included various cost reduction and yield improvement projects in all of
the businesses.
Financing and Capital Structure
In June 2002, the Company received approximately $100 million in net
proceeds ($102.5 million in gross proceeds) from the completion of an offering
by Millennium America of $100 million additional principal amount at maturity of
9.25% Senior Notes. The gross proceeds of the offering were used to repay all
outstanding borrowings at that time under the Company's Revolving Loans and to
repay $65 million outstanding under the Term Loans. During 2001, the Company
refinanced $425 million of borrowings and paid refinancing expenses of $11
million with the combined proceeds of the Credit Agreement, which provided a
$175 million revolving credit facility and $125 million in term loans, and the
issuance of $275 million aggregate principal amount of 9.25% Senior Notes by
Millennium America. The Company and Millennium America guarantee the obligations
under the Credit Agreement.
The Credit Agreement contains various restrictive covenants and requires
that the Company meet certain financial performance criteria. The financial
covenants in the Credit Agreement include a Leverage Ratio and an Interest
Coverage Ratio. The Leverage Ratio is the ratio of total indebtedness to
cumulative EBITDA for the prior four fiscal quarters, each as defined. The
Interest Coverage Ratio is the ratio of cumulative EBITDA for the prior four
fiscal quarters to Net Interest Expense, for the same period, each as defined.
To permit the Company to be in compliance, these covenants were amended in the
fourth quarter of 2001 and again in the second quarter of 2002. This second
amendment was conditioned upon consummation of the offering of $100 million
additional principal amount of the 9.25% Senior Notes and retirement of the
Credit Agreement debt described above. Under the covenants now in effect, the
Company is required to maintain a Leverage Ratio of no more than 7.25 to 1.00
for the fourth quarter of 2002, 5.75 to 1.00 for the first quarter of 2003, 4.75
to 1.00 for the second quarter of 2003, 4.50 to 1.00 for the third and fourth
quarters of 2003, and 4.00 to 1.00 for January 1, 2004 and thereafter, and an
Interest Coverage Ratio of no less than 1.90 to 1.00 for the fourth quarter of
2002, 2.25 to 1.00 for the first quarter of 2003, 2.50 to 1.00 for the second,
third and fourth quarters of 2003, and 3.00 to 1.00 for January 1, 2004 and
thereafter. The covenants in the Credit Agreement also limit, among other
things, the ability of the Company and/or certain subsidiaries of the Company
to: (i) incur debt and issue preferred stock; (ii) create liens; (iii) engage in
sale/leaseback transactions; (iv) declare or pay dividends on, or purchase, the
Company's stock; (v) make restricted payments; (vi) engage in transactions with
affiliates; (vii) sell assets; (viii) engage in mergers or acquisitions; (ix)
engage in domestic accounts receivable securitization transactions; and (x)
enter into restrictive agreements. In the event the Company sells certain assets
as specified in the Credit Agreement, the Term Loans must be prepaid with a
portion of the net cash proceeds of such sale. The obligations under the Credit
Agreement are collateralized by: (1) a pledge of 100% of the stock of the
Company's existing and future domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the stock of
certain of the Company's existing and future foreign subsidiaries, in both cases
other than subsidiaries that hold immaterial assets (as defined in the Credit
Agreement); (2) all the equity interests held by the Company's subsidiaries in
Equistar and the La Porte Methanol Company (which pledges are limited to the
right to receive distributions made by Equistar and the La Porte Methanol
Company, respectively); and (3) all present and future accounts receivable,
intercompany indebtedness and inventory of the Company's domestic subsidiaries,
other than subsidiaries that hold immaterial assets.
45
The Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement
at December 31, 2002. Compliance with these covenants is monitored frequently in
order to assess the likelihood of continued compliance. The Company currently
expects that it will be in compliance with these covenants at March 31, 2003.
However, the Company believes that it will not be in compliance with certain of
these financial covenants at June 30, 2003, unless economic and business
conditions improve significantly in the second quarter of 2003. Accordingly, the
Company is seeking a waiver or amendment to the Credit Agreement, which it
expects to obtain by June 30, 2003.
The indenture governing the Company's $500 million aggregate principal
amount of 7.00% Senior Notes due November 15, 2006 and $250 million aggregate
principal amount of 7.625% Senior Debentures due November 15, 2026 allows the
Company to grant security on loans of up to 15% of Consolidated Net Tangible
Assets ("CNTA"), as defined, of Millennium America. Accordingly, based upon CNTA
and secured borrowing levels at December 31, 2002, any reduction in CNTA below
approximately $1.5 billion would decrease the Company's availability under the
Revolving Loans by 15% of any such reduction. CNTA was approximately $2.0
billion at December 31, 2002.
The 9.25% Senior Notes were issued by Millennium America and are guaranteed
by the Company. The indenture under which the 9.25% Senior Notes were issued
contains certain covenants that limit, among other things, the ability of the
Company and/or certain subsidiaries of the Company to: (i) incur additional
debt; (ii) issue redeemable stock and preferred stock; (iii) create liens; (iv)
redeem debt that is junior in right of payment to the 9.25% Senior Notes; (v)
sell or otherwise dispose of assets, including capital stock of subsidiaries;
(vi) enter into arrangements that restrict dividends from subsidiaries; (vii)
enter into mergers or consolidations; (viii) enter into transactions with
affiliates; and (ix) enter into sale/leaseback transactions. In addition, this
indenture contains a covenant that would prohibit the Company from (i) paying
dividends or making distributions on its common stock; (ii) repurchasing its
common stock; and (iii) making other types of restricted payments, including
certain types of investments, if such restricted payments would exceed a
"restricted payments basket." The basket is reduced by the amount of each such
restricted payment and is increased by: (i) 50% of the Company's Cumulative Net
Income (as defined in such indenture) since July 1, 2001 (or is reduced by 100%
of its Cumulative Net Income if such amount is negative); (ii) the net cash
proceeds from the sale by the Company of its common stock to third parties; and,
(iii) 50% of any cash distributions received from Equistar. As of the filing of
this Annual Report, after taking into consideration the $9 million dividend
declared in the first quarter of 2003, the amount of the restricted payments
basket is expected to be $41 million. The indenture also requires the
calculation of a Consolidated Coverage Ratio, defined as the ratio of the
aggregate amount of EBITDA, as defined, for the four most recent fiscal quarters
to Consolidated Interest Expense, as defined, for the four most recent fiscal
quarters. If this ratio were to cease to be greater than 2.00 to 1.00 (2.25 to
1.00 after June 15, 2003), there would be certain restrictions on the Company's
ability to incur additional indebtedness and the Company's ability to pay
dividends, repurchase capital stock or make certain other restricted payments
would be limited. However, if the 9.25% Senior Notes were to receive investment
grade credit ratings from both S&P and Moody's and meet certain other
requirements as specified in the indenture, certain of these covenants would no
longer apply. The Company is currently rated BB+ by S&P and Ba1 by Moody's. On
March 7, 2003, S&P lowered the Company's credit rating from investment grade
rating BBB- to non-investment grade rating BB+ with a negative outlook,
reflecting S&P's concern regarding the Company's ability to generate the cash
flow necessary to substantially improve its financial profile during a period of
economic uncertainties and higher raw material costs. Moody's affirmed the
Company's non-investment grade rating on June 19, 2002, but revised its ratings
outlook to negative from stable, reflecting Moody's concern over the Company's
cash flow performance in the fourth quarter of 2001 and the first quarter of
2002.
At December 31, 2002, the Company was in compliance with all covenants in
the indentures governing the 9.25% Senior Notes, 7.00% Senior Notes and 7.625%
Senior Debentures.
Millennium America had an indemnity agreement with Equistar pursuant to
which Millennium America could have been required under certain circumstances to
contribute to Equistar up to $750 million. This indemnity terminated upon the
closing of the purchase by Lyondell of Occidental's interest in Equistar. The
requirement under the December 1, 1997 asset transfer agreement to indemnify
Equistar with respect to the assets transferred to Equistar and the requirement
under the Equistar Partnership Agreement to make additional investments in
Equistar remain in effect to the same extent after Lyondell purchased
Occidental's interest in Equistar.
European Receivables Securitization Program
Since March 2002, the Company has been transferring its interest in certain
European trade receivables to an unaffiliated third party as its basis for
issuing commercial paper under a revolving securitization arrangement
46
(annually renewable up to five years) with maximum availability of 70 million
euro, which is treated, in part, as a sale under GAAP. Accordingly, transferred
trade receivables that qualify as a sale, $61 million outstanding at December
31, 2002, are removed from the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company
continues to carry its retained interest in a portion of the transferred assets
that do not qualify as a sale, $9 million at December 31, 2002, in Trade
receivables, net in its Consolidated Balance Sheet at amounts that approximate
net realizable value based upon the Company's historical collection rate for
these trade receivables. Unused availability under this arrangement at December
31, 2002 was 3 million euro. For the year ended December 31, 2002, cumulative
gross proceeds from this securitization arrangement were $213 million. Cash
flows from this securitization arrangement are reflected as operating activities
in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. For the year ended December 31,
2002, the aggregate loss on sale associated with this arrangement was $2
million. Administration and servicing of the trade receivables under the
arrangement remains with the Company. Servicing liabilities associated with the
transaction are not significant.
Contractual Obligations
In addition to the Company's long-term indebtedness, in the ordinary course
of business, the Company enters into contractual obligations to purchase raw
materials, utilities and services for fixed or minimum amounts and lease
arrangements for certain property, plant and equipment. Following is a schedule
that shows long-term debt, unconditional purchase obligations, lease commitments
and certain other contractual obligations as of December 31, 2002:
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Thereafter Total
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---------- -----
(Millions)
Long-term debt ...................... $ 12 $ 6 $ 26 $534 $ 4 $ 629 $1,211
Operating leases .................... 21 17 14 11 10 88 161
VAM toll ............................ 57 60 66 64 -- -- 247
Unconditional purchase obligations .. 327 238 248 122 78 654 1,667
---- ---- ---- ---- --- ------ ------
Total contractual obligations .... $417 $321 $354 $731 $92 $1,371 $3,286
==== ==== ==== ==== === ====== ======
The Company is currently rated BB+ by S&P and Ba1 by Moody's. On March 7,
2003, S&P lowered the Company's credit rating from investment grade rating BBB-
to non-investment grade rating BB+ with a negative outlook, reflecting S&P's
concern regarding the Company's ability to generate the cash flow necessary to
substantially improve its financial profile during a period of economic
uncertainties and higher raw material costs. Moody's affirmed the Company's
non-investment grade rating on June 19, 2002, but revised its ratings outlook to
negative from stable, reflecting Moody's concern over the Company's cash flow
performance in the fourth quarter of 2001 and the first quarter of 2002. The
Company could be required to cash collateralize the mark-to-market positions of
certain derivative instruments dependent upon the market value of these
instruments. Based on the current market value of these instruments, the Company
would not be required to place any funds on deposit with the counterparty to
these transactions. Furthermore, the Company will also provide a $2.5
million letter of credit in accordance with a real estate lease. Obtaining this
letter of credit will result in an equal reduction of availability under the
revolving credit portion of the Credit Agreement.
Environmental and Litigation Matters
Certain Company subsidiaries have been named as defendants, PRPs, or both,
in a number of environmental proceedings associated with waste disposal sites or
facilities currently or previously owned, operated or used by the Company's
current or former subsidiaries or their predecessors, some of which are on the
Superfund National Priorities List of the EPA or similar state lists. These
proceedings seek cleanup costs, damages for personal injury or property damage,
or both. Based upon third-party technical reports, the projections of outside
consultants or outside counsel, or both, the Company has estimated its
individual exposure at these sites to be between $25 thousand and $26.7 million.
In the most significant of these proceedings, a subsidiary is named as one of
four PRPs at the Kalamazoo River Superfund Site in Michigan. The site involves
contamination of river sediments and floodplain soils with polychlorinated
biphenyls. Originally commenced on December 2, 1987 in the United States
District Court for the Western District of Michigan as Kelly v. Allied Paper,
Inc. et al., the matter was stayed and is being addressed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act. In October
2000, the KRSG, of which one of the Company's subsidiaries is a member,
submitted to the State of Michigan a Draft
47
Study, which evaluated a number of remedial options and recommended a remedy
involving the stabilization of several miles of river bank and the long-term
monitoring of river sediments at a total collective cost of approximately $73
million. During 2001, additional sampling activities were performed in discrete
parts of the river. At the end of 2001, the EPA took responsibility for the site
at the request of the State. While the State has submitted comments to the EPA
on the Draft Study, the EPA has yet to similarly comment. The Company has
estimated its liability at this site based upon the KRSG's recommended remedy.
Guidance as to how the EPA will likely proceed with further evaluation and
remediation, if required, at the Kalamazoo site is expected by early 2004. At
that time, the Company's estimate of its liability will be reevaluated. The
Company's ultimate liability for the Kalamazoo site will depend on many factors
that have not yet been determined, including the ultimate remedy selected by the
EPA, the number and financial viability of the other members of the KRSG as well
as of other PRPs outside the KRSG, and the determination of the final allocation
among the members of the KRSG and other PRPs.
In addition, the Company and various of its subsidiaries are defendants in
a number of pending legal proceedings relating to present and former operations.
These include proceedings alleging injurious exposure of the plaintiffs to
various chemicals and other materials on the premises of, or manufactured by,
the Company's current and former subsidiaries; cases alleging historic
premises-based exposure to asbestos-containing materials at various worksites;
and cases alleging personal injury, property damage and remediation costs
associated with use of the lead pigment in paint. Typically, such proceedings
involve claims made by many plaintiffs against many defendants in the chemical
industry.
With respect to the non-environmental legal proceedings referred to above,
the Company believes that it has valid defenses and intends to defend them
vigorously. However, litigation is subject to uncertainties and the Company is
unable to guarantee the outcome of these proceedings. As discussed in more
detail under "Critical Accounting Policies -- Environmental Liabilities and
Legal Matters" below, the Company believes that the reasonably probable and
estimable range of potential liability for such environmental and litigation
contingencies collectively, which primarily relates to environmental remediation
activities and other environmental proceedings, is between $67 million and $95
million and has accrued $71 million as of December 31, 2002. The Company has not
accrued any liabilities for any lead-based paint and lead pigment litigation.
The Company expects that cash expenditures related to these potential
liabilities will not be concentrated in any single year and, based on
information currently available, the Company does not expect the outcome of
these proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material
adverse effect on the consolidated financial position, results of operations or
cash flows of the Company. See "Environmental Matters" in Item I, "Legal
Proceedings" in Item 3 and Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements
included in this Annual Report.
Inflation
The financial statements are presented on a historical cost basis. While
the United States inflation rate has been modest for several years, the Company
operates in many international areas with both inflation and currency
instability. The ability to pass on inflation costs is an uncertainty due to
general economic conditions and competitive situations.
Foreign Currency Matters
The functional currency of each of the Company's non-United States
operations (principally, the Company's TiO[u]2 operations in the United Kingdom,
France, Brazil and Australia) is the local currency. Consolidated Shareholders'
equity increased approximately $27 million in 2002 and decreased approximately
$19 million and $46 million in 2001 and 2000, respectively, as a result of
translating subsidiary financial statements into US dollars. Future events,
which may significantly increase or decrease the risk of future movements in
foreign currencies in which the Company conducts business, cannot be predicted.
The Company generates revenue from export sales and revenue from operations
conducted outside the United States that may be denominated in currencies other
than the relevant functional currency. Revenues earned outside the United States
accounted for 59%, 54% and 51% of total revenues in 2002, 2001 and 2000,
respectively. These revenues were denominated in US dollars as well as other
currencies.
Net foreign currency transactions aggregated gains of $3 million in 2002
and losses of $7 million and $4 million in 2001 and 2000, respectively.
48
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
As more fully described in Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements
included in this Annual Report, the Company is exposed to market risk, such as
changes in currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodity pricing, and
manages these exposures by selectively entering into derivative transactions
pursuant to the Company's policies for hedging practices. The counterparties to
the derivative financial instruments entered by the Company are
high-credit-quality institutions. The Company does not hold or issue derivative
financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes.
Derivative contracts outstanding at December 31, 2002 were as follows:
Foreign Currency Forward Contracts
Notional Amount Unrealized Weighted Average
(US$ Equivalent)(1) Gain/(Loss)(2) Settlement Price
------------------- -------------- ----------------
(Dollars, in millions)
Less than 1 year
----------------
Receive AUS$/Pay US$.... $ 49 $ 2 0.5397 US$/AUS$
Receive US$/Pay euro.... 57 (2) 1.0096 US$/euro
Receive GBP/Pay euro.... 132 (2) 0.6437 GBP/euro
Receive GBP/Pay JPY..... 1 -- 193.1000 JPY/GBP
Receive US$/Pay GBP..... 13 (1) 0.6450 GBP/US$
Receive GBP/Pay US$..... 4 -- 1.5847 US$/GBP
Receive euro/Pay US$.... 5 -- 1.0300 US$/euro
Receive AUS$/Pay NZD.... 2 -- 1.1233 NZD/AUS$
Receive AUS$/Pay JPY.... 1 -- 67.5000 JPY/AUS$
---
$(3)
===
----------
(1) US$ equivalent was determined based upon currency exchange rates at
December 31, 2002.
(2) As of December 31, 2002.
Commodity Derivative Instruments
Notional Unrealized Weighted Average
Amount Gain/(Loss)(1) Settlement Price
-------- -------------- ----------------
(Dollars, in millions)
Less than 1 year
----------------
Pay $4.70/mmbtu,
receive Henry
Natural Gas Swap Contracts...... $ 1 $-- Hub-Gas Daily
1-2 Years
---------
Pay $5.01/mmbtu,
receive NYMEX
Natural Gas Swap Contracts...... 14 (1) settlement
---
Total $(1)
===
----------
(1) As of December 31, 2002.
49
Interest Rate Swaps
Notional Unrealized Weighted Average
Amount Gain/(Loss)(1) Pay/Receive
-------- -------------- ------------------
(Dollars, in millions)
Less than 1 year
---------------
Pay 1.71%, receive
Interest Rate Swap Contract.... $ 50 $-- six month LIBOR
3-4 Years
---------
Pay six month
LIBOR plus 3.18%,
Interest Rate Swap Contracts... 200 4 receive 7%
---
Total $ 4
===
----------
(1) As of December 31, 2002.
Non-Derivative Financial Instruments and Other Market-Related Risks
See Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this
Annual Report.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of the Company's financial statements requires management
to apply generally accepted accounting principles to the Company's specific
circumstances and make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount
of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, the
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting
period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The Company considers the following accounting policies to be critical to
the preparation of the Company's financial statements:
Environmental Liabilities and Legal Matters -- The Company periodically
reviews matters associated with potential environmental obligations and legal
matters brought against the Company, its subsidiaries and predecessor companies
and evaluates, accounts for, reports and discloses these matters in accordance
with SFAS No. 5, "Accounting for Contingencies" ("SFAS No. 5"). In order to make
estimates of liabilities, the Company's evaluation of and judgments about
environmental obligations and legal matters are based upon the individual facts
and circumstances relevant to the particular matters and include advice from
legal counsel, if applicable. The Company establishes reserves by recording
charges to its results of operations for loss contingencies that are considered
probable (the future event or events are likely to occur) and for which the
amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. When a loss contingency is
considered probable but the amount of loss can only be reasonably estimated
within a range, the Company records a reserve for the loss contingency at the
low end of the range, at minimum, but also applies judgment as to whether any
particular amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount.
If an amount within the range is considered to be a better estimate of the loss,
the Company records this amount as its reserve for the loss contingency.
Reserves are exclusive of claims against third parties, except where payment has
been received or the amount of liability or contribution by such other parties,
including insurance companies, has been agreed, and are not discounted. Loss
contingencies that are not considered probable or that cannot be reasonably
estimated are disclosed in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements,
either individually or in the aggregate, if there is a reasonable possibility
that a loss may be incurred and if the amount of possible loss could have a
significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of
operations or cash flows. Loss contingencies that are considered remote (the
chance of the future event or events occurring is slight) are not typically
disclosed unless the Company believes the potential loss to be extremely
significant to its consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Certain Company subsidiaries have been named as defendants, PRPs, or both,
in a number of environmental proceedings associated with waste disposal sites or
facilities currently or previously owned, operated or used by the
50
Company's current or former subsidiaries or their predecessors, some of which
are on the Superfund National Priorities List of the EPA or similar state lists.
These proceedings seek cleanup costs, damages for personal injury or property
damage, or both. Based upon third-party technical reports, the projections of
outside consultants or outside counsel, or both, the Company has estimated its
individual exposure at these sites to be between $25 thousand and $26.7 million.
In the most significant of these proceedings, a subsidiary is named as one of
four PRPs at the Kalamazoo River Superfund Site in Michigan. The site involves
contamination of river sediments and floodplain soils with polychlorinated
biphenyls. Originally commenced on December 2, 1987 in the United States
District Court for the Western District of Michigan as Kelly v. Allied Paper,
Inc. et al., the matter was stayed and is being addressed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act. In October
2000, the KRSG, of which one of the Company's subsidiaries is a member,
submitted to the State of Michigan a Draft Study, which evaluated a number of
remedial options and recommended a remedy involving the stabilization of several
miles of river bank and the long-term monitoring of river sediments at a total
collective cost of approximately $73 million. During 2001, additional sampling
activities were performed in discrete parts of the river. At the end of 2001,
the EPA took responsibility for the site at the request of the State. While the
State has submitted comments to the EPA on the Draft Study, the EPA has yet to
similarly comment. The Company has estimated its liability at this site based
upon the KRSG's recommended remedy. Guidance as to how the EPA will likely
proceed with further evaluation and remediation, if required, at the Kalamazoo
site is expected by early 2004. At that time, the Company's estimate of its
liability will be reevaluated. The Company's ultimate liability for the
Kalamazoo site will depend on many factors that have not yet been determined,
including the ultimate remedy selected by the EPA, the number and financial
viability of the other members of the KRSG as well as of other PRPs outside the
KRSG, and the determination of the final allocation among the members of the
KRSG and other PRPs.
The Company believes that the reasonably probable and estimable range of
potential liability for environmental and other legal contingencies,
collectively, but which primarily relates to environmental remediation
activities and other environmental proceedings, is between $67 million and $95
million and has accrued $71 million as of December 31, 2002. The Company expects
that cash expenditures related to these potential liabilities will be made over
a number of years, and will not be concentrated in any single year. This accrual
also reflects the fact that certain Company subsidiaries have contractual
obligations to indemnify other parties against certain environmental and other
liabilities. For example, the Company agreed as part of its Demerger from Hanson
to indemnify Hanson and certain of its subsidiaries against certain of such
contractual indemnification obligations, and Millennium Petrochemicals agreed as
part of the December 1, 1997 formation of Equistar to indemnify Equistar for
certain liabilities related to the assets contributed by Millennium
Petrochemicals to Equistar in excess of $7 million, which threshold was exceeded
in 2001. The terms of these indemnification agreements do not limit the maximum
potential future payments to the indemnified parties. The maximum amount of
future indemnification payments is dependent upon many factors and is not
practicable to estimate.
Due to the uncertainties involved, the Company is unable to predict the
outcome of lead-based paint and lead pigment litigation, the number or nature of
possible future claims and proceedings, or the effect that any legislation
and/or administrative regulations may have on the Company or its subsidiaries.
In addition, management cannot reasonably estimate the scope or amount of the
costs and potential liabilities related to such litigation, or any such
legislation and regulations. The Company has not accrued any liabilities for
such litigation. However, based upon, among other things, the outcome of such
litigation to date, including the dismissal of most of the over 50 lawsuits
brought in recent years, management does not currently believe that the costs or
potential liabilities ultimately determined to be attributable to the Company
arising out of such litigation will have a material adverse effect on the
consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the
Company. See Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this
Annual Report for additional information on the Company's loss contingencies.
Goodwill -- Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the
fair value of the net assets of acquired companies. Through December 31, 2001,
goodwill was amortized using the straight-line method over 40 years in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and management
evaluated goodwill for impairment based on the anticipated future cash flows
attributable to its operations in accordance with SFAS No. 121, "Accounting for
the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed of"
("SFAS No. 121"). Such expected cash flows, on an undiscounted basis, were
compared to the carrying value of the tangible and intangible assets, and if
impairment was indicated, the carrying value of goodwill was adjusted. In the
opinion of management, no impairment of goodwill existed at December 31, 2001
under SFAS No. 121. On January 1, 2002, the Company adopted SFAS No. 142,
"Goodwill and Intangible Assets" ("SFAS No. 142") which applies to all goodwill
and intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Under this new
standard, all goodwill, including
51
goodwill acquired before initial application of the standard, is not amortized
but must be tested for impairment at least annually at the reporting unit level,
as defined in the standard. Accordingly, the Company reported a charge for the
cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle of $275 million in the
first quarter of 2002 to write off goodwill related to its Acetyls business.
Also in accordance with SFAS No. 142, Equistar reported an impairment of
goodwill in the first quarter of 2002. The write-off at Equistar required an
adjustment of $30 million to reduce the carrying value of the Company's
investment in Equistar to its approximate proportional share of Equistar's
Partners' capital. The Company reported this adjustment as a charge for the
cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle. In the opinion of
management, no further adjustment to the carrying value of goodwill of $106
million is required at December 31, 2002 under SFAS No. 142. Amortization
expense for the Company's goodwill was $13 million for each of the years 2001
and 2000. Additionally, the Company's share of amortization expense reported by
Equistar for its goodwill, included in Equity in (loss) earnings of Equistar,
was $10 million for each of the years 2001 and 2000.
Equity Interest in Equistar -- The Company has evaluated the carrying value
of its investment in Equistar at December 31, 2002 using assumptions that
anticipate a long-term holding value for the Equistar investment based upon
anticipated future cash flows. Valuation of the Equistar investment under a
current sale scenario could result in a different value. As described in Equity
Interest in Equistar in Item 1 in this Annual Report, Occidental sold its 29.5%
interest in Equistar to Lyondell on August 22, 2002. The value of this
transaction was based on facts and circumstances significantly different from
those surrounding the Company's interest in Equistar and therefore such value
cannot be viewed to represent similar value for the Company's investment in
Equistar. The carrying value of the Company's investment in Equistar at December
31, 2002 and 2001 was $563 million and $677 million, respectively.
Income Taxes -- The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability
method under SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes". This method generally
provides that deferred tax assets and liabilities, computed using enacted
marginal tax rates of the respective tax jurisdictions, be recognized for
temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of
the Company's assets and liabilities and expected benefits of utilizing net
operating loss carryforwards. The Company periodically assesses the likelihood
of realization of deferred tax assets and with respect to net operating loss
carryforwards, prior to expiration, by considering the availability of taxable
income in prior carryback periods, the scheduled reversal of deferred tax
liabilities, certain distinct tax planning strategies, and projected future
taxable income. If it is considered to be more likely than not that the deferred
tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is established against
some or all of the deferred tax assets. The Company's net deferred tax assets
(net of deferred tax liabilities and valuation allowances) were $75 million and
$29 million at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. See "Income Tax
Benefits" on page 33 for additional information on the Company's deferred tax
assets.
The Company periodically assesses tax exposures and establishes or adjusts
estimated reserves for probable assessments by the Internal Revenue Service
("IRS") or other taxing authorities. Such reserves represent an estimated
provision for taxes ultimately expected to be paid.
Certain of the income tax returns of the Company's domestic and foreign
subsidiaries are currently under examination by the IRS, Inland Revenue and
various foreign and state tax authorities. In many cases, these audits result in
the examining tax authority issuing proposed assessments. In the United States,
IRS audits for tax years prior to 1989 have been settled. The Company made
payment of $151 million of tax and interest to the IRS in 2000 to settle certain
issues relating to the tax years 1986 through 1988. Additionally, the IRS has
concluded its examinations of the Company's Federal income tax returns for 1989
through 1996 and during 2002, the Company negotiated a settlement with the IRS
with respect to the audit issues relating to the Company's Federal income tax
returns for the years 1989 through 1992. The Company has estimated the payment
of tax and interest to be made to the IRS in 2003 under this settlement and has
included such estimate in Income taxes payable. In connection with the 1993
through 1996 examination, the IRS has issued proposed assessments that challenge
certain of the Company's tax positions. The Company believes that its tax
positions comply with applicable tax law and it intends to defend its positions
through the IRS appeals process. The Company believes it has adequately provided
for any probable outcome related to these matters, and does not anticipate any
material earnings impact from their ultimate settlement or resolution. However,
if the IRS positions on certain issues are upheld after all the Company's
administrative and legal options are exhausted, a material impact on the
Company's earnings and cash flows could result. The IRS examination for the
years subsequent to 1996 will commence in early 2003. See Notes 7 and 15 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report for additional
information on the Company's income taxes and related loss contingencies.
52
Retirement-Related Benefits -- The Company determines its benefit
obligations and net periodic benefit costs for its defined benefit pension plans
and its other postretirement benefit plans using actuarial models required by
SFAS No. 87, "Employers' Accounting for Pensions" ("SFAS No. 87") and SFAS No.
106, "Employers' Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions,"
respectively. These models use an approach that generally recognizes individual
events like plan amendments and changes in actuarial assumptions such as
discount rates, rate of compensation increases, inflation, medical costs and
mortality over the service lives of the employees in the plan. The
market-related value of plan assets, a calculated value that recognizes changes
in the fair value of plan assets over a five-year period, is utilized to
determine the Company's benefit obligations and net periodic benefit cost.
The Company evaluates the appropriateness of retirement-related benefit
plan assumptions annually. Some of the more significant assumptions used to
determine the Company's benefit obligations and net periodic benefit costs are
the expected rate of return on plan assets, the discount rate, the rate of
compensation increases, and healthcare cost trend rates.
To develop its expected return on plan assets, the Company uses long-term
historical actual return information, the mix of investments that comprise plan
assets, and future estimates of long-term investment returns by reference to
external sources. The discount rate assumptions reflect the rates available on
high-quality fixed-income debt instruments on December 31 of each year. The rate
of compensation increase is determined by the Company based upon its long-term
plans for such increases. The Company reviews external data and its own
historical trends for health care costs to determine the health care cost trend
rates.
At December 31 of each year, if any of the Company's retirement-related
plans is underfunded and requires adjustment to establish an additional minimum
liability in accordance with SFAS No. 87, an adjustment is first made to
establish an intangible asset to the extent of any unrecognized amount of prior
service cost for the given plan and then an equity adjustment is included in
Other comprehensive loss for the remaining amount of the required minimum
liability. This additional minimum liability is calculated and adjusted, if
necessary, annually through the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet and has no
immediate impact on the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Due to the reduction of rates on high-quality fixed income debt
instruments, lowered expectations regarding long-term investment returns, and
the Company's long-term plans for compensation increases, the Company reduced
the discount rate, the expected return on plan assets and the rate of
compensation increases at December 31, 2002. The weighted average discount rate,
the expected return on plan assets, and the rate of compensation increase
assumptions at December 31, 2002 and 2001 were 6.35% and 7.27%; 8.34% and 8.87%;
and 3.52% and 4.23%, respectively.
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the
amounts reported for the health care plans. The assumed healthcare cost trend
rate used in measuring the healthcare portion of the postretirement benefit
obligation at December 31, 2002 was 9.0% for 2003, declining gradually to 5.5%
for 2010 and thereafter. A 1% increase or decrease in assumed health care cost
trend rates would affect service and interest components of postretirement
health care benefit costs by less than $1 million in each of the years ended
December 31, 2002 and 2001. The effect on the accumulated postretirement benefit
obligation would be $4 million at each of December 31, 2002 and 2001.
See "Pension Assets and Equity" on page 33 and Note 11 to the Consolidated
Financial Statements included in this Annual Report for other information
related to the Company's retirement-related benefits.
Recent Accounting Developments
See the discussion under the caption "Recent Accounting Developments" in
Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report.
53
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual
Report for discussion of the Company's management of foreign currency exposure,
commodity price risk and interest rate risk through its use of derivative
instruments and hedging activities and "Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities" in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations" included in this Annual Report.
54
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.:
In our opinion, the consolidated balance sheets and the related
consolidated statements of operations, cash flows, and changes in shareholders'
equity present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of
Millennium Chemicals Inc. and its subsidiaries (the "Company") at December 31,
2002 and 2001, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2002 in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In
addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the index
appearing under Item 15(a)(2) on page 99 presents fairly, in all material
respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the
related consolidated financial statements. These financial statements and
financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management;
our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and
financial statement schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits of
these statements in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the
United States of America, which require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing
the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the
Company changed its method of accounting for certain domestic inventories in
2002.
As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, effective
January 1, 2002, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 142, "Accounting for Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets".
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Florham Park, NJ
January 30, 2003, except for Note 8, as to which the date is March 7, 2003
55
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Millions, except share data)
As of December 31,
------------------
2002 2001
------ ------
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents.................................................... $ 125 $ 114
Trade receivables, net....................................................... 210 215
Inventories.................................................................. 406 399
Other current assets......................................................... 78 61
------ ------
Total current assets...................................................... 819 789
Property, plant and equipment, net.............................................. 862 880
Investment in Equistar.......................................................... 563 677
Deferred income taxes........................................................... 75 29
Other assets.................................................................... 42 234
Goodwill........................................................................ 106 381
------ ------
Total assets.............................................................. $2,467 $2,990
====== ======
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities
Notes payable................................................................ $ 4 $ 4
Current maturities of long-term debt......................................... 12 11
Trade accounts payable....................................................... 274 256
Income taxes payable......................................................... 44 7
Accrued expenses and other liabilities....................................... 128 105
------ ------
Total current liabilities................................................. 462 383
Long-term debt.................................................................. 1,212 1,172
Other liabilities............................................................... 335 517
------ ------
Total liabilities......................................................... 2,009 2,072
------ ------
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
Minority interest............................................................... 19 21
Shareholders' equity
Preferred stock (par value $.01 per share, authorized 25,000,000 shares,
none issued and outstanding).............................................. -- --
Common stock (par value $.01 per share, authorized 225,000,000 shares;
issued 77,896,586 shares in 2002 and 2001, respectively).................. 1 1
Paid in capital.............................................................. 1,297 1,299
Retained deficit............................................................. (320) (1)
Cumulative other comprehensive loss.......................................... (281) (136)
Treasury stock, at cost (14,766,279 and 14,594,614 shares in 2002 and 2001,
respectively)............................................................. (275) (283)
Deferred compensation........................................................ 17 17
------ ------
Total shareholders' equity................................................ 439 897
------ ------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity............................. $2,467 $2,990
====== ======
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
56
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Millions, except per share data)
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------
2002 2001 2000
------ ------ ------
Net sales.................................................................. $1,554 $1,590 $1,793
Operating costs and expenses
Cost of products sold................................................... 1,233 1,259 1,263
Depreciation and amortization........................................... 102 110 113
Selling, development and administrative expense......................... 126 146 200
Reorganization and plant closure costs.................................. -- 36 --
------ ------ ------
Operating income..................................................... 93 39 217
Interest expense........................................................... (90) (85) (80)
Interest income............................................................ 4 3 3
Equity in (loss) earnings of Equistar...................................... (80) (90) 39
Other (expense) income, net................................................ (1) 1 14
------ ------ ------
(Loss) income before income taxes and minority interest.................... (74) (132) 193
Benefit (provision) for income taxes....................................... 101 89 (62)
------ ------ ------
Income (loss) before minority interest and cumulative effect of accounting
change.................................................................. 27 (43) 131
Minority interest.......................................................... (6) (4) (7)
------ ------ ------
Income (loss) before cumulative effect of accounting change................ 21 (47) 124
Cumulative effect of accounting change..................................... (305) -- --
------ ------ ------
Net (loss) income.......................................................... $ (284) $ (47) $ 124
====== ====== ======
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
Before cumulative effect of accounting change........................... $ 0.33 $(0.75) $ 1.94
From cumulative effect of accounting change............................. (4.80) -- --
------ ------ ------
After cumulative effect of accounting change............................ $(4.47) $(0.75) $ 1.94
====== ====== ======
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Before cumulative effect of accounting change........................... $ 0.33 $(0.75) $ 1.93
From cumulative effect of accounting change............................. (4.77) -- --
------ ------ ------
After cumulative effect of accounting change............................ $(4.44) $(0.75) $ 1.93
====== ====== ======
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
57
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Millions)
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------
2002 2001 2000
----- ----- -----
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net (loss) income......................................................... $(284) $ (47) $ 124
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by
operating activities:
Cumulative effect of accounting change................................ 305 -- --
Write-off of assets related to plant closure.......................... -- 10 --
Depreciation and amortization......................................... 102 110 113
Deferred income tax (benefit) provision............................... (42) (57) 38
Non-cash income tax benefit........................................... (58) (42) --
Restricted stock amortization and adjustments, net.................... -- 1 (6)
Equity in loss (earnings) of Equistar................................. 80 90 (39)
Minority interest..................................................... 6 4 7
Other, net............................................................ 2 -- --
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Decrease (increase) in trade receivables............................ 7 83 (52)
Decrease (increase) in inventories.................................. 4 (3) (34)
(Increase) decrease in other current assets......................... (23) 30 24
Increase in other assets............................................ (16) (19) (18)
Increase in trade accounts payable.................................. 12 64 19
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other liabilities and
income taxes payable.............................................. 15 (35) (93)
Decrease in other liabilities....................................... (26) (77) (63)
----- ----- -----
Cash provided by operating activities................................... 84 112 20
----- ----- -----
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures...................................................... (71) (97) (110)
Distributions from Equistar............................................... -- -- 83
Proceeds from sales of property, plant & equipment........................ 1 19 4
----- ----- -----
Cash used in investing activities....................................... (70) (78) (23)
----- ----- -----
Cash flows from financing activities:
Dividends to shareholders................................................. (35) (35) (35)
Repurchases of common stock............................................... -- -- (65)
Proceeds from long-term debt.............................................. 302 783 311
Repayment of long-term debt............................................... (272) (736) (187)
Increase (decrease) increase in notes payable............................. 3 (34) (17)
----- ----- -----
Cash (used in) provided by financing activities......................... (2) (22) 7
----- ----- -----
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash...................................... (1) (5) (7)
----- ----- -----
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents............................. 11 7 (3)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year............................... 114 107 110
----- ----- -----
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year..................................... $ 125 $ 114 $ 107
===== ===== =====
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
58
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common Stock
-------------------- Paid
Outstanding Treasury Deferred In
Shares Amount Stock Compensation Capital
----------- ------ -------- ------------ ----------
(Millions)
Balance at December 31, 1999............. 68 $ 1 $(210) $10 $1,335
Comprehensive income (loss)
Net income............................ -- -- -- -- --
Other comprehensive loss
Currency translation adjustment.... -- -- -- -- --
----------- ------ -------- ------------ ----------
Total comprehensive income (loss)........ -- -- -- -- --
Amortization and adjustment
of unearned restricted shares......... -- -- -- -- (9)
Shares repurchased....................... (3) -- (65) -- --
Shares purchased by employee benefit plan
trusts................................ (1) -- (7) 5 --
Dividend to shareholders................. -- -- -- -- --
----------- ------ -------- ------------ ----------
Balance at December 31, 2000 ............ 64 1 (282) 15 1,326
Comprehensive loss
Net loss.............................. -- -- -- -- --
Other comprehensive loss
Net losses on derivative financial
instruments:
Losses arising during the year,
net of tax of $5............ -- -- -- -- --
Less: reclassification
adjustment, net of tax of
$3.......................... -- -- -- -- --
----------- ------ -------- ------------ ----------
Net losses...................... -- -- -- -- --
Minimum pension liability
adjustment, net of tax of $3.... -- -- -- -- --
Currency translation adjustment.... -- -- -- -- --
----------- ------ -------- ------------ ----------
Total comprehensive loss................. -- -- -- -- --
Amortization and adjustment of unearned
restricted shares..................... -- -- -- -- (27)
Dividends related to forfeiture of
restricted shares..................... -- -- -- -- --
Shares purchased by employee benefit plan
trusts................................ (1) -- (1) 2 --
Dividend to shareholders................. -- -- -- -- --
----------- ------ -------- ------------ ----------
Balance at December 31, 2001 ............ 63 1 (283) 17 1,299
Comprehensive loss
Net loss.............................. -- -- -- -- --
Other comprehensive loss
Net gains on derivative financial
instruments:
Gains arising during the year,
net of tax of $2............. -- -- -- -- --
Less: reclassification
adjustment................... -- -- -- -- --
----------- ------ -------- ------------ ----------
Net gains.................... -- -- -- -- --
Minimum pension liability
adjustment, net of tax of $69... -- -- -- -- --
Equity in other comprehensive
loss of Equistar:
Minimum pension liability.... -- -- -- -- --
Currency translation adjustment....
----------- ------ -------- ------------ ----------
Total comprehensive loss................. -- -- -- -- --
Amortization and adjustment of unearned
restricted shares..................... -- -- -- -- --
Shares issued to fund 401(k) plan........ -- -- 6 -- (2)
Shares purchased by employee benefit plan
trusts................................ -- -- 2 (2) --
Current year compensation deferred ...... -- -- -- 2 --
Dividend to shareholders................. -- -- -- -- --
----------- ------ -------- ------------ ----------
Balance at December 31, 2002 ............ 63 $ 1 $(275) $17 $1,297
=========== ====== ======== ============ ==========
Cumulative
Retained Unearned Other
Earnings Restricted Comprehensive
(Deficit) Shares Loss Total
--------- ---------- ------------- ------
Balance at December 31, 1999............. $ (11) $(28) $ (61) $1,036
Comprehensive income (loss)
Net income............................ 124 -- -- 124
Other comprehensive loss
Currency translation adjustment....... -- -- (46) (46)
--------- ---------- ------------- ------
Total comprehensive income (loss)........ 124 -- (46) 78
Amortization and adjustment
of unearned restricted shares......... -- 3 -- (6)
Shares repurchased....................... -- -- -- (65)
Shares purchased by employee benefit plan
trusts................................ -- -- -- (2)
Dividend to shareholders................. (35) -- -- (35)
--------- ---------- ------------- ------
Balance at December 31, 2000 ............ 78 (25) (107) 1,006
Comprehensive loss
Net loss.............................. (47) -- -- (47)
Other comprehensive loss
Net losses on derivative financial
instruments:
Losses arising during the year, net
of tax of $5.................... -- -- (12) (12)
Less: reclassification
adjustment, net of tax of $3.... -- -- 6 6
--------- ---------- ------------- ------
Net losses...................... -- -- (6) (6)
Minimum pension liability
adjustment, net of tax of $3.... -- -- (4) (4)
Currency translation adjustment.... -- -- (19) (19)
--------- ---------- ------------- ------
Total comprehensive loss................. (47) -- (29) (76)
Amortization and adjustment of unearned
restricted shares..................... -- 25 -- (2)
Dividends related to forfeiture of
restricted shares..................... 3 -- -- 3
Shares purchased by employee benefit plan
trusts................................ -- -- -- 1
Dividend to shareholders................. (35) -- -- (35)
--------- ---------- ------------- ------
Balance at December 31, 2001 ............ (1) -- (136) 897
Comprehensive loss
Net loss.............................. (284) -- -- (284)
Other comprehensive loss
Net gains on derivative financial
instruments:
Gains arising during the year,
net of tax of $2............. -- -- 6 6
Less: reclassification
adjustment................... -- -- (1) (1)
--------- ---------- ------------- ------
Net gains.................... -- -- 5 5
Minimum pension liability
adjustment, net of tax of $69... -- -- (166) (166)
Equity in other comprehensive
loss of Equistar:
Minimum pension liability.... -- -- (11) (11)
Currency translation adjustment.... 27 27
--------- ---------- ------------- ------
Total comprehensive loss................. (284) -- (145) (429)
Amortization and adjustment of unearned
restricted shares..................... -- -- -- --
Shares issued to fund 401(k) plan........ -- -- -- 4
Shares purchased by employee benefit plan
trusts................................ -- -- -- --
Current year compensation deferred ...... -- -- -- 2
Dividend to shareholders................. (35) -- -- (35)
--------- ---------- ------------- ------
Balance at December 31, 2002 ............ $(320) $ -- $(281) $ 439
========= ========== ============= ======
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
59
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 1 -- Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include
the accounts of the Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant
intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Minority interest
represents the minority ownership of the Company's Brazilian subsidiary and the
La Porte Methanol Company. The Company's investment in Equistar Chemicals, LP
("Equistar") is accounted for by the equity method; accordingly, the Company's
share of Equistar's pre-tax net income or loss is included in net income.
Estimates and Assumptions: The preparation of financial statements in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements, the disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and
the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Such
estimates include the evaluation of and judgments about environmental
obligations, legal matters and tax claims brought against the Company, pension
and other postretirement benefits, the ability to recover the full carrying
value of accounts receivable and inventories owned by the Company, and the
carrying value of goodwill and other long-term assets such as the Company's
investment in Equistar and the Company's deferred tax assets. Actual results
could differ from those estimates.
Reclassification: Certain prior year balances have been reclassified to
conform with the current year presentation.
Revenue Recognition: Revenue is recognized upon transfer of title and risk
of loss to the customer, which is generally upon shipment of product to the
customer or upon usage of the product by the customer in the case of consignment
inventories.
Costs incurred related to shipping and handling are included in cost of
products sold. Amounts billed to the customer for shipping and handling are
included in sales revenue.
Cash Equivalents: Cash equivalents represent investments in short-term
deposits and commercial paper with banks that have original maturities of 90
days or less. In addition, Other assets include approximately $3 and $4 in
restricted cash at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively, which is on deposit
to satisfy insurance claims.
Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market value.
During the fourth quarter of 2002, the Company changed from the last-in
first-out ("LIFO") method to the first-in first-out ("FIFO") method to account
for certain of its United States ("US") inventories. These financial statements
have been restated for all periods presented to reflect the change to the FIFO
method. The method was changed in part to achieve a better matching of revenues
and expenses. The FIFO method, or methods that approximate FIFO, are now used to
determine cost for all inventories of the Company. The change positively
impacted net loss in 2002 by $1 or $0.02 per share and increased retained
earnings for periods prior to 2000 by $21. The effect of the change on reported
net (loss) income for 2002, 2001 and 2000 is as follows:
60
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 1 -- Significant Accounting Policies - Continued
Year Ended December 31, 2002
-----------------------------------------------------
1st Qtr. 2nd Qtr. 3rd Qtr. 4th Qtr. Full Year
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
(Quarterly amounts unaudited)
Net (loss) income as reported .......................... $ (336) $ 1 $ 6 $ 45 $ (284)
Change in inventory costing method ..................... (1) 1 -- -- --
Income tax effect of change ............................ -- -- -- -- --
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Net (loss) income as restated .......................... $ (337) $ 2 $ 6 $ 45 $ (284)
====== ====== ====== ====== ======
Basic (loss) income per share:
As reported ......................................... $(5.29) $ 0.01 $ 0.10 $ 0.71 $(4.47)
Change in inventory costing method, net of tax ... (0.01) 0.01 -- -- --
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
As restated ......................................... $(5.30) $ 0.02 $ 0.10 $ 0.71 $(4.47)
====== ====== ====== ====== ======
Diluted (loss) income per share:
As reported ......................................... $(5.26) $ 0.01 $ 0.10 $ 0.70 $(4.44)
Change in inventory costing method ............... (0.01) 0.01 -- -- --
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
As restated ......................................... $(5.27) $ 0.02 $ 0.10 $ 0.70 $(4.44)
====== ====== ====== ====== ======
Year Ended December 31, 2001
-----------------------------------------------------
1st Qtr. 2nd Qtr. 3rd Qtr. 4th Qtr. Full Year
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
(Quarterly amounts unaudited)
Net (loss) income as reported .......................... $ (16) $ (23) $ (12) $ 8 $ (43)
Change in inventory costing method ..................... -- -- (4) (3) (7)
Income tax effect of change ............................ -- -- 2 1 3
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Net (loss) income as restated .......................... $ (16) $ (23) $ (14) $ 6 $ (47)
====== ====== ====== ====== ======
Basic (loss) income per share:
As reported ......................................... $(0.24) $(0.37) $(0.20) $ 0.13 $(0.68)
Change in inventory costing method, net of tax ... -- -- (0.04) (0.03) (0.07)
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
As restated ......................................... $(0.24) $(0.37) $(0.24) $ 0.10 $(0.75)
====== ====== ====== ====== ======
Diluted (loss) income per share:
As reported ......................................... $(0.24) $(0.37) $(0.20) $ 0.13 $(0.68)
Change in inventory costing method, net of tax ... -- -- (0.04) (0.03) (0.07)
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
As restated ........................................... $(0.24) $(0.37) $(0.24) $ 0.10 $(0.75)
====== ====== ====== ====== ======
61
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 1 -- Significant Accounting Policies - Continued
2000
-----
Net income as reported ................................. $ 122
Change in inventory costing method ..................... 4
Income tax effect of change ............................ (2)
-----
Net income as restated ................................ $ 124
=====
Basic income per share:
As reported .............. .......................... $1.90
Change in inventory costing method, net of tax ... 0.04
-----
As restated ......................................... $1.94
=====
Diluted income per share:
As reported ......................................... $1.89
Change in inventory costing method, net of tax ... 0.04
-----
As restated ......................................... $1.93
=====
Property, Plant and Equipment: Property, plant and equipment is stated on
the basis of cost. Depreciation is provided by the straight-line method over the
estimated useful lives of the assets, generally 20 to 40 years for buildings and
5 to 25 years for machinery and equipment. Environmental costs are capitalized
if the costs increase the value of the property and/or mitigate or prevent
contamination from future operations. Major repairs and improvements incurred in
connection with substantial overhauls or maintenance turnarounds are capitalized
and amortized on a straight-line basis until the next planned turnaround
(generally 18 months to 3 years). Other less substantial maintenance and repair
costs are expensed as incurred. Unamortized capitalized turnaround costs were
$19 and $21 at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively.
Capitalized Software Costs: The Company capitalizes costs incurred in the
acquisition and modification of computer software used internally, including
consulting fees and costs of employees dedicated solely to a specific project.
Such costs are amortized over periods not exceeding 7 years and are subject to
impairment evaluation under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS")
No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets" ("SFAS
No. 144"). Unamortized capitalized software costs of $43 and $53 at December 31,
2002 and 2001, respectively, are included in Property, plant and equipment.
Goodwill: Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the
fair value of the net assets of acquired companies. Through December 31, 2001,
goodwill was amortized using the straight-line method over 40 years in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and management
evaluated goodwill for impairment based on the anticipated future cash flows
attributable to its operations in accordance with SFAS No. 121, "Accounting for
the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed Of"
("SFAS No. 121"). Such expected cash flows, on an undiscounted basis, were
compared to the carrying value of the tangible and intangible assets, and if
impairment was indicated, the carrying value of goodwill was adjusted. In the
opinion of management, no impairment of goodwill existed at December 31, 2001
under SFAS No. 121.
On January 1, 2002, the Company adopted SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other
Intangible Assets" ("SFAS No. 142"). Under this new standard, all goodwill,
including goodwill acquired before initial application of the standard, is not
amortized but must be tested for impairment at least annually at the reporting
unit level, as defined in the standard. Accordingly, the Company reported a
charge for the cumulative effect of this accounting change of $275 in the first
quarter of 2002 to write off certain of its goodwill related to its Acetyls
business based upon the Company's estimate of fair value for this business using
various valuation methods considering expected future profitability and cash
flows. Also in accordance with SFAS No. 142, Equistar reported an impairment of
its goodwill in the first quarter of 2002. The write-off at Equistar required an
adjustment of $30 to reduce the carrying value of the Company's investment in
Equistar to its approximate proportional share of Equistar's Partners' capital.
62
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 1 -- Significant Accounting Policies - Continued
The Company reported this adjustment as a charge for the cumulative effect of
this accounting change. In the opinion of management, no further adjustment to
the carrying value of goodwill of $106 is required at December 31, 2002 under
SFAS No. 142. Amortization expense was $13 for each of the years ended December
31, 2001 and 2000 for the Company's goodwill. Additionally, the Company's share
of amortization expense reported by Equistar for each of the years ended
December 31, 2001 and 2000 for its goodwill, included in Equity in (loss) income
of Equistar, was $10. Following is a reconciliation of the reported net (loss)
income to net income (loss) adjusted for goodwill amortization and the
cumulative effect of the accounting change, and related per share amounts:
Year Ended
December 31,
-------------------
2002 2001 2000
----- ---- ----
Reported net (loss) income ........................... $(284) $(47) $124
Goodwill amortization ................................ -- 13 13
Equistar goodwill amortization included
in Equity in (loss) earnings of Equistar .......... -- 10 10
----- ---- ----
Adjusted net (loss) income ........................... (284) (24) 147
Cumulative effect of accounting change ............... 305 -- --
----- ---- ----
Adjusted net income (loss) before cumulative effect of
accounting change ................................. $ 21 $(24) $147
===== ==== ====
Year Ended
December 31,
--------------------------------------------
Per share amounts: 2002 2001 2000
----------------- ------- --------------
Basic &
Basic Diluted Diluted Basic Diluted
------ ------- ------- ----- ------
Reported net (loss) income ........................... $(4.47) $(4.44) $(0.75) $1.94 $1.93
Goodwill amortization ................................ -- -- 0.20 0.20 0.20
Equistar goodwill amortization included
in Equity in (loss) earnings of Equistar ......... 0.16 0.16 0.15
------ ------ ------ ----- -----
Adjusted net (loss) income ........................... (4.47) (4.44) (0.39) 2.30 2.28
Cumulative effect of accounting change ............... 4.80 4.77 -- -- --
------ ------ ------ ----- -----
Adjusted net income (loss) before cumulative effect of
accounting change ................................. $ 0.33 $ 0.33 $(0.39) $2.30 $2.28
====== ====== ====== ===== =====
Environmental Liabilities and Legal Matters -- The Company periodically
reviews matters associated with potential environmental obligations and legal
matters brought against the Company and evaluates, accounts, reports and
discloses these matters in accordance with SFAS No. 5 "Accounting for
Contingencies" ("SFAS No. 5"). In order to make estimates of liabilities, the
Company's evaluation of and judgments about environmental obligations and legal
matters are based upon the individual facts and circumstances relevant to the
individual matters and include advice from legal counsel, if applicable. The
Company establishes reserves by recording charges to its results of operations
for loss contingencies that are considered probable (the future event or events
are likely to occur) and for which the amount of loss can be reasonably
estimated. When a loss contingency is considered probable but the amount of loss
can only be reasonably estimated within a range, the Company records a reserve
for the loss contingency at the low end of the range but also applies judgment
to specific matters as to whether any particular amount within the range is a
better estimate than any other amount. If an amount within the range is
considered to be a better estimate of the loss, the Company records this amount
as its reserve for the loss contingency. Reserves are exclusive of claims
against third parties, except where payment has been received or the amount of
liability or contribution by such other parties, including insurance companies,
has been agreed, and are
63
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 1 -- Significant Accounting Policies - Continued
not discounted. Loss contingencies that are not considered probable or that
cannot be reasonably estimated are disclosed in the Notes to the Consolidated
Financial Statements, either individually or in the aggregate, if there is a
reasonable possibility that a loss may be incurred and if the amount of possible
loss could have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial
position or results of operations. Loss contingencies that are considered remote
(the chance of the future event or events occurring is slight) are not typically
disclosed unless the Company believes the potential loss to be extremely
significant to its consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Foreign Currency: Assets and liabilities of the Company's foreign
subsidiaries are translated at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet
dates, while revenue, expenses and cash flows are translated at average exchange
rates for the reporting period or, where practicable, at the exchange rates in
effect at the dates on which transactions are recognized. Resulting translation
adjustments are recorded as a component of Cumulative other comprehensive loss
in Shareholders' equity. Gains and losses resulting from changes in foreign
currency on transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional
currency of the respective subsidiary are recognized in income as they occur.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities: Effective January 1, 2001,
all derivatives are recognized on the balance sheet at their fair value. If a
derivative is designated as a hedging instrument for accounting purposes, the
Company designates the derivative, on the date the derivative contract is
entered into, as (1) a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or
liability or of an unrecognized firm commitment ("fair value" hedge), (2) a
hedge of a forecasted transaction ("cash flow" hedge), (3) a foreign-currency
fair value or cash flow hedge ("foreign currency" hedge) or (4) a hedge of a net
investment in a foreign operation. For derivative instruments not designated as
hedging instruments for accounting purposes, changes in fair values are
recognized in earnings in the period in which they occur. Prior to January 2001,
gains or losses on instruments that hedged foreign currency denominated
receivables and payables were recognized in income as they occurred. Gains or
losses on instruments that hedged firm commitments were deferred and reported as
part of the underlying transaction when settled.
Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are highly effective as, and
that are designated and qualify as, fair value hedges, along with the losses or
gains on the hedged assets or liabilities that are attributable to the hedged
risks (including losses or gains on firm commitments), are recorded in
current-period earnings. Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are
highly effective as, and that are designated and qualify as, cash flow hedges
are recorded in Other comprehensive income (loss) ("OCI"), until earnings are
affected by the variability of cash flows. Changes in the fair value of
derivatives that are highly effective as, and that are designated and qualify
as, foreign-currency hedges are recorded in either current-period earnings or
OCI, depending on whether the hedge transactions are fair value hedges or cash
flow hedges. If, however, a derivative is used as a hedge of a net investment in
a foreign operation, its changes in fair value, to the extent effective as a
hedge, are recorded as translation adjustments in OCI.
The Company formally documents all relationships between hedging
instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk-management objective and
strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. This process includes
linking all derivatives that are designated as fair value, cash flow, or
foreign-currency hedges to specific assets and liabilities on the balance sheet
or to specific firm commitments or forecasted transactions. The Company also
formally assesses, both at the hedge's inception and on an ongoing basis,
whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly
effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of hedged items.
When it is determined that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge, or
that it has ceased to be a highly effective hedge, the Company discontinues
hedge accounting prospectively.
Income Taxes: The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability
method under SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes". This method generally
provides that deferred tax assets and liabilities, computed using enacted
marginal tax rates of the respective tax jurisdictions, be recognized for
temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of
the Company's assets and liabilities and expected benefits of utilizing net
operating loss carryforwards. The Company periodically assesses the likelihood
of realization of deferred tax assets and with respect to net operating loss
carryforwards, prior to expiration, by considering the availability of taxable
income in prior carryback periods, the scheduled reversal of deferred tax
liabilities, certain distinct tax planning strategies, and projected future
taxable income. If it is considered to be more likely than not that the deferred
tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is established against
some or all of the deferred tax assets.
64
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 1 -- Significant Accounting Policies - Continued
The Company periodically assesses tax exposures and establishes or adjusts
estimated reserves for probable assessments by the Internal Revenue Service
("IRS") or other taxing authorities. Such reserves represent an estimated
provision for taxes ultimately expected to be paid.
Research and Development: The cost of research and development efforts is
expensed as incurred. Such costs aggregated $20, $20 and $26 for the years ended
December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Retirement-Related Benefits -- The Company determines its benefit
obligations and net periodic benefit costs for its defined benefit pension plans
and its other postretirement benefit plans using actuarial models required by
SFAS No. 87, "Employers' Accounting for Pensions" ("SFAS No. 87") and SFAS No.
106, "Employers' Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions,"
respectively. These models use an approach that generally recognizes individual
events like plan amendments and changes in actuarial assumptions such as
discount rates, rate of compensation increases, inflation, medical costs and
mortality over the service lives of the employees in the plan. The
market-related value of plan assets, a calculated value that recognizes changes
in the fair value of plan assets over a five-year period, is utilized to
determine the Company's benefit obligations and net periodic benefit cost.
The Company evaluates the appropriateness of retirement-related benefit
plan assumptions annually. Some of the more significant assumptions used to
determine the Company's benefit obligations and net periodic benefit costs are
the expected rate of return on plan assets, the discount rate, the rate of
compensation increases, and healthcare cost trend rates.
To develop its expected return on plan assets, the Company uses long-term
historical actual return information, the mix of investments that comprise plan
assets, and future estimates of long-term investment returns by reference to
external sources. The discount rate assumptions reflect the rates available on
high-quality fixed-income debt instruments on December 31 of each year. The rate
of compensation increase is determined by the Company based upon its long-term
plans for such increases. The Company reviews external data and its own
historical trends for health care costs to determine the health care cost trend
rates.
At December 31 of each year, if any of the Company's retirement-related
plans is underfunded and requires adjustment to establish an additional minimum
liability in accordance with SFAS No. 87, an adjustment is first made to
establish an intangible asset to the extent of any unrecognized amount of prior
service cost for the given plan and then an equity adjustment is included in
Other comprehensive loss for the remaining amount of the required minimum
liability. This additional minimum liability is calculated and adjusted annually
through the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet and has no immediate impact on
the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Stock-Based Compensation: SFAS No. 123 "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation" ("SFAS No. 123") encourages a fair value based method of
accounting for employee stock options and similar equity instruments, which
generally would result in the recording of additional compensation expense in
the Company's financial statements. SFAS No. 123 also allows the Company to
continue to account for stock-based employee compensation using the intrinsic
value for equity instruments under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25
("APB Opinion No. 25"). The Company has elected to account for such instruments
using APB Opinion No. 25 and related interpretations, and thus has adopted the
disclosure-only provisions of SFAS No. 123. Accordingly, no compensation cost
has been recognized for the stock option plans in the accompanying financial
statements as all options granted had an exercise price equal to the market
value of the underlying Common Stock on the date of grant.
The following table illustrates the effect on net income (loss) and
earnings per share before cumulative effect of accounting change if the Company
had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123 to stock-based
employee recognition:
65
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 1 -- Significant Accounting Policies - Continued
Year Ended
December 31,
----------------------
2002 2001 2000
----- ------ -----
Net income (loss) before cumulative effect of accounting change .. $ 21 $ (47) $ 124
Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined
under fair value based method for all awards, net of related
tax effects ................................................... (2) (1) (1)
----- ------ -----
Pro forma net income (loss) before cumulative effect of accounting
change ........................................................ $ 19 $ (48) $ 123
===== ====== =====
Earnings per share:
Basic - as reported .............................................. $0.33 $(0.75) $1.94
===== ====== =====
Basic - pro forma ................................................ $0.29 $(0.77) $1.93
===== ====== =====
Diluted - as reported ............................................ $0.33 $(0.75) $1.93
===== ====== =====
Diluted - pro forma .............................................. $0.29 $(0.77) $1.92
===== ====== =====
Earnings Per Share: The weighted average number of equivalent shares of
Common Stock outstanding used in computing (loss) earnings per share for 2002,
2001 and 2000 was as follows:
2002 2001 2000
---------- ---------- ----------
Basic ............................. 63,587,561 63,564,497 64,304,594
Options ........................... 4,727 -- 3,314
Restricted and other shares ....... 290,160 -- 281,729
---------- ---------- ----------
Diluted ........................... 63,882,448 63,564,497 64,589,637
========== ========== ==========
The 2001 computation of diluted (loss) earnings per share does not include
318,606 restricted and other shares issued under the Company's stock-based
compensation plans as their effect would be antidilutive.
Concentration of Credit Risk: Financial instruments that potentially
subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist
principally of temporary cash investments, foreign currency, interest rate and
natural gas derivative contracts and accounts receivable. The Company maintains
its investments and enters contracts with high-credit-quality institutions,
generally financial institutions that provide the Company with debt financing.
The Company sells a broad range of commodity, industrial, performance and
specialty chemicals to a diverse group of customers operating throughout the
world. During 2002, revenue generated outside the United States accounted for
59%, 54% and 51% of total revenues in 2002, 2001 and 2002, respectively, from
sales to customers in over 90 countries. Accordingly, there is no significant
concentration of risk in any one particular country. In addition, 58%, 60% and
57% of the revenues of the Titanium Dioxide and Related Products business
segment in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively (which accounts for approximately
73%, 72% and 76% of consolidated revenues in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively)
are from customers in the global paint and coatings industry. The leading United
States economic indicator for this industry is new and existing home sales,
which has remained relatively strong through 2002 despite the slow United States
economic conditions. In addition, some seasonality in sales exists because sales
of paint and coatings are greatest in the spring and summer months. Credit
limits, ongoing credit evaluation, and account-monitoring procedures are
utilized to minimize credit risk. Collateral is generally not required, but may
be used under certain circumstances or in certain markets, particularly in
lesser-developed countries of the world. Credit losses to customers operating in
this industry have not been material.
66
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 1 -- Significant Accounting Policies - Continued
Recent Accounting Developments: In July 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 143,
"Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations" ("SFAS No. 143"). SFAS No. 143
applies to legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived
assets. This standard requires that the fair value of a liability for an asset
retirement obligation be recognized in the period in which it is incurred and
the associated asset retirement costs be capitalized as part of the carrying
amount of the long-lived asset. Accretion expense and depreciation expense
related to the liability and capitalized asset retirement costs, respectively,
would be recorded in subsequent periods. Although earlier application is
permitted, the Company must adopt this standard on January 1, 2003. Upon
adoption, the Company will recognize transition amounts for existing asset
retirement obligations, associated capitalizable costs, and accumulated
depreciation. The after-tax transition charge of $2 will be recorded as a
cumulative effect of an accounting change. The ongoing annual expense resulting
from the initial adoption of SFAS No. 143 is not expected to be significant.
In January 2003, the FASB issued Financial Interpretation ("FIN") No. 46,
"Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities" ("FIN No. 46"). FIN No. 46
provides guidance on the identification of and financial reporting for entities
over which control is achieved through means other than voting rights. The
Company must adopt FIN No. 46 for previously existing arrangements on June 15,
2003 and is currently evaluating the potential impact on its consolidated
financial position and results of operations. Immediate adoption is required for
arrangements newly created after January 31, 2003 to which FIN No. 46 applies.
Note 2 -- Reorganization and Plant Closure Charges
A provision for reorganization and plant closure costs of $36 before tax
($24 after-tax or $0.38 per share) was recorded in 2001 related to
reorganization activities within each of the Company's business segments.
During the second quarter of 2001, $31 was recorded in connection with the
Company's announced decision to reduce its worldwide workforce and indefinitely
idle its sulfate-process TiO[u]2 plant in Hawkins Point, Maryland. The $31
charge included severance and other employee-related costs of $19 for the
termination of approximately 400 employees involved in manufacturing,
technical, sales and marketing, finance and administrative support, a
$10 write-down of assets and $2 in other costs associated with the idling
of the plant.
During the first quarter of 2001, the Company announced the closure of its
facilities in Cincinnati, Ohio and recorded reorganization and other charges of
$5 in the Acetyls segment. These charges included $3 of severance and other
termination benefits related to the termination of about 35 employees involved
in technical, marketing and administrative activities, as well as $2 related to
the write-down of assets, lease termination costs and other charges associated
with the Cincinnati facility. The office in Cincinnati was closed during the
second quarter of 2001.
All payments for severance and related costs and for other costs related to
the reorganization and plant closure have been made as of December 31, 2002.
Note 3 -- Sale/Leaseback Transaction
On December 27, 2001, the Company sold its research facility in Baltimore,
Maryland to an unrelated party in a sale/leaseback transaction. Cash proceeds
from the sale were $17. The pre-tax gain on the sale of $3 will be amortized to
income over the term of the related leaseback. In conjunction with the sale, the
Company entered into an operating lease with the buyer to lease the research
facility for a 20-year term at an annual fee of approximately $2, which
escalates at a rate of 2.5% per annum. Certain renewal options exist to extend
the term in five-year intervals.
Note 4 -- Investment in Equistar
On December 1, 1997, the Company and Lyondell Chemical Company ("Lyondell")
completed the formation of Equistar, a joint venture partnership created to own
and operate the petrochemical and polymer businesses of the Company and
Lyondell. The Company contributed to Equistar substantially all of the net
assets of its former ethylene, polyethylene, ethanol and related products
business. The Company retained $250 from the proceeds of accounts receivable
collections and substantially all the accounts payable and accrued expenses of
its contributed businesses existing on December 1, 1997, and received proceeds
of $750 from borrowings under a new credit
67
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 4 -- Investment in Equistar - Continued
facility entered into by Equistar. The Company used the $750 received from
Equistar to repay debt. Equistar was owned 57% by Lyondell and 43% by the
Company until May 15, 1998, when the Company and Lyondell expanded Equistar with
the addition of the ethylene, propylene, ethylene oxide and derivatives
businesses of the chemical subsidiary of Occidental Petroleum Corporation
("Occidental"). Occidental contributed the net assets of those businesses
(including approximately $205 of related debt) to Equistar. In exchange,
Equistar borrowed an additional $500, $420 of which was distributed to
Occidental and $75 to the Company. Equistar was then owned 41% by Lyondell,
29.5% by Occidental and 29.5% by the Company. No gain or loss resulted from
these transactions. On August 22, 2002, Occidental sold its 29.5% equity
interest in Equistar to Lyondell. Equistar is now owned 70.5% by Lyondell and
29.5% by the Company.
The Company has evaluated the carrying value of its investment in Equistar
at December 31, 2002 using assumptions that anticipate a long-term holding value
for the Equistar investment based upon anticipated future cash flows. Valuation
of the Equistar investment under a current sale scenario could result in a
different value. As described in "Equity Interest in Equistar" in Item 1 in this
Annual Report, Occidental sold its 29.5% interest in Equistar to Lyondell. The
value of this transaction was based on facts and circumstances significantly
different from those surrounding the Company's interest in Equistar and
therefore such value cannot be viewed to represent similar value for the
Company's investment in Equistar. The carrying value of the Company's investment
in Equistar at December 31, 2002 and 2001 was $563 and $677, respectively.
Equistar is managed by a Partnership Governance Committee consisting of
representatives of both partners. Approval of Equistar's strategic plans and
other major decisions requires the consent of the representatives of both
partners. All decisions of Equistar's Governance Committee that do not require
unanimity among the partners may be made by Lyondell's representatives alone.
Certain of the Company's Selling, development and administrative ("S,D&A")
costs are allocated to its investment in Equistar and are included in Equity in
(loss) earnings of Equistar on the Company's Consolidated Statements of
Operations. S,D&A costs included therein were $7, $7, and $6 in 2002, 2001 and
2000, respectively.
Because of the significance of the Company's interest in Equistar to the
Company's total results of operations, the separate financial statements of
Equistar are included in this Annual Report.
Note 5 -- European Receivables Securitization Program
Since March 2002, the Company has been transferring its interest in certain
European trade receivables to an unaffiliated third party as its basis for
issuing commercial paper under a revolving securitization arrangement (annually
renewable up to five years) with maximum availability of 70 million euro, which
is treated, in part, as a sale under accounting principles generally accepted in
the United States of America. Accordingly, transferred trade receivables that
qualify as a sale, $61 outstanding at December 31, 2002, are removed from the
Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company continues to carry its
retained interest in a portion of the transferred assets that do not qualify as
a sale, $9 at December 31, 2002, in Trade receivables, net in its Consolidated
Balance Sheet at amounts that approximate net realizable value based upon the
Company's historical collection rate for these trade receivables. Unused
availability under this arrangement at December 31, 2002 was 3 million euro. For
the year ended December 31, 2002, cumulative gross proceeds from this
securitization arrangement were $213. Cash flows from this securitization
arrangement are reflected as operating activities in the Consolidated Statements
of Cash Flows. For the year ended December 31, 2002, the aggregate loss on sale
associated with this arrangement was $2. Administration and servicing of the
trade receivables under the arrangement remains with the Company. Servicing
liabilities associated with the transaction are not significant.
68
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 6 -- Supplemental Financial Information
2002 2001
---- ----
Trade receivables
Trade receivables ...................................... $ 217 $ 222
Allowance for doubtful accounts ........................ (7) (7)
------- -------
$ 210 $ 215
======= =======
Inventories
Finished products ...................................... $ 210 $ 219
In-process products .................................... 30 23
Raw materials .......................................... 106 100
Maintenance parts and supplies ......................... 60 57
------- -------
$ 406 $ 399
======= =======
Property, plant and equipment
Land and buildings ..................................... $ 222 $ 218
Machinery and equipment ................................ 1,401 1,291
Construction-in-progress ............................... 111 121
------- -------
1,734 1,630
------- -------
Accumulated depreciation and amortization .............. (872) (750)
------- -------
$ 862 $ 880
======= =======
Goodwill .................................................. $ 487 $ 487
Accumulated amortization ............................... (106) (106)
Cumulative effect of accounting change ................. (275) --
------- -------
$ 106 $ 381
======= =======
2002 2001 2000
---- ---- ----
Amortization expense ...................................... $ -- $ 13 $ 13
==== ==== ====
Rental expense on operating leases is as follows:
2002 2001 2000
---- ---- ----
Rental expense ......................................... $ 22 $ 19 $ 14
==== ==== ====
Cash paid for interest and taxes:
2002 2001 2000
---- ---- ----
Interest (net of interest received)..................... $ 86 $ 81 $ 77
Taxes (net of refunds).................................. (1) 1 169
69
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 7 -- Income Taxes
2002 2001 2000
---- ---- ----
Pretax (loss) income is generated from:
United States...................................... . $(155) $(203) $100
Foreign............................................. 81 71 93
------ ----- ----
(74) (132) 193
====== ===== ====
Income tax (benefit) provision is comprised of:
Federal
Current............................................. $ (19) $ (12) $ --
Deferred............................................ (42) (57) 38
Tax benefit from previous years..................... (58) (42) --
Foreign................................................ 16 21 21
State and local........................................ 2 1 3
----- ----- ----
(101) (89) 62
===== ===== ====
The Company's effective income tax rate differs from the amount computed by
applying the statutory federal income tax rate as follows:
2002 2001 2000
---- ---- ----
Statutory federal income tax rate...................... (35.0)% (35.0)% 35.0%
State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit... (2.1) (0.3) 1.1
Provision for nondeductible expenses, primarily
goodwill amortization............................... -- 7.6 4.6
Foreign rate differential.............................. (21.7) (12.2) (6.9)
Tax benefit from previous years........................ (78.4) (31.8) --
Other.................................................. 0.7 4.3 (1.7)
------ ----- ----
Effective income tax rate.............................. (136.5)% (67.4)% 32.1%
====== ===== ====
The Company recorded a benefit of $58 in 2002 and $42 in 2001 due to
favorable developments related to items reserved for in prior years.
70
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 7 -- Income Taxes - Continued
Significant components of deferred taxes are as follows:
2002 2001
---- ----
Deferred tax assets
Environmental and legal obligations.............................. $ 28 $ 36
Other postretirement benefits and pension........................ 69 --
Taxes related to potential disposal of Equistar.................. -- 108
Net operating loss carryforwards................................. 174 143
Capital loss carryforwards....................................... 9 9
AMT credits...................................................... 97 105
Other accruals................................................... 29 17
---- ----
406 418
Valuation allowance.............................................. (20) (9)
---- ----
Total deferred tax assets..................................... 386 409
---- ----
Deferred tax liabilities
Excess of book over tax basis in property, plant and equipment... 106 126
Other postretirement benefits and pension........................ -- 6
Taxes related to potential disposal of Equistar.................. -- 184
Reserve for income taxes......................................... 156 33
Other............................................................ 49 31
---- ----
Total deferred tax liabilities................................ 311 380
---- ----
Net deferred tax assets................................... $ 75 $ 29
---- ----
As a result of the Company's assessment of its net deferred tax assets at
December 31, 2002, based upon certain available tax planning strategies, the
Company considers it more likely than not that $75 of its net deferred tax
assets will be realized in the future and therefore, no valuation allowance was
required for this portion of its net deferred tax assets at December 31, 2002.
Should it be determined in the future that it is no longer more likely than not
that these assets will be realized, an additional valuation allowance would be
required and the Company's operating results would be adversely affected during
the period in which such determination would be made. The Company currently
expects that if it continues to report net operating losses in future periods,
income tax benefits associated with those losses would not be recognized; and
therefore, the Company's results would be adversely affected in those periods.
At December 31, 2002 and 2001, certain subsidiaries of the Company had
available US net operating loss carryforwards aggregating $288 and $223,
respectively, and foreign net operating loss carryforwards aggregating $244 and
$215, respectively, including $203 and $174, respectively, that were generated
in the United Kingdom ("UK") and $41 and $41, respectively, that were generated
in France. The net operating loss carryforwards generated in the UK do not
expire but are subject to certain limitations on their use. The net operating
loss carryforwards generated in France begin to expire at December 31, 2003
through December 31, 2007. The US net operating loss carryforwards begin to
expire at December 31, 2021 through December 31, 2022. The majority of the
capital loss carryforwards expired at December 31, 2001, with the remaining
capital loss carryforward expiring at December 31, 2002 and 2006. The AMT
credits have no expiration and can be carried forward indefinitely.
The undistributed earnings of Millennium Chemicals Inc.'s foreign
subsidiaries are considered to be indefinitely reinvested. Accordingly, no
provision for US federal and state income taxes or foreign withholding taxes has
been provided on approximately $155 of such undistributed earnings.
Determination of the potential amount of unrecognized deferred US income tax
liability and foreign withholding taxes is not practicable because of the
complexities associated with its hypothetical calculation.
71
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 7 -- Income Taxes - Continued
The Company and certain of its subsidiaries have entered into tax-sharing
and indemnification agreements with Hanson or its subsidiaries in which the
Company and/or its subsidiaries generally agreed to indemnify Hanson or its
subsidiaries for income tax liabilities attributable to periods when certain
operations of Hanson were included in the consolidated United States tax returns
of the Company's subsidiaries. The terms of these indemnification agreements do
not limit the maximum potential future payments to the indemnified parties. The
maximum amount of future indemnification payments is dependent upon the results
of future audits by various tax authorities and is not practicable to estimate.
Certain of the income tax returns of the Company's domestic and foreign
subsidiaries are currently under examination by the IRS, Inland Revenue and
various foreign and state tax authorities. In many cases, these audits result in
the examining tax authority issuing proposed assessments. In the United States,
IRS audits for tax years prior to 1989 have been settled. The Company made
payment of $151 of tax and interest to the IRS in 2000 to settle certain issues
relating to the tax years 1986 through 1988. Additionally, the IRS has concluded
its examinations of the Company's Federal income tax returns for 1989 through
1996 and during 2002, the Company negotiated a settlement with the IRS with
respect to the audit issues relating to the Company's Federal income tax returns
for the years 1989 through 1992. The Company has estimated the payment of tax
and interest to be made to the IRS in 2003 under this settlement and has
included such estimate in Income taxes payable. In connection with the 1993
through 1996 examination, the IRS has issued proposed assessments that challenge
certain of the Company's tax positions. The Company believes that its tax
positions comply with applicable tax law and it intends to defend its positions
through the IRS appeals process. The Company believes it has adequately provided
for any probable outcome related to these matters, and does not anticipate any
material earnings impact from their ultimate settlement or resolution. However,
if the IRS positions on certain issues are upheld after all the Company's
administrative and legal options are exhausted, a material impact on the
Company's earnings and cash flows could result. The IRS examination for the
years subsequent to 1996 will commence in early 2003.
Reserves for the resolution of probable tax assessments that are expected
to result in the reduction of tax attributes recognized in deferred tax assets,
rather than a cash payment to the taxing authorities, are included as a
component of deferred tax liabilities. Other reserves for the resolution of
probable tax assessments where cash payment is expected, but not within the next
year, are included in Other liabilities.
Note 8 -- Long-Term Debt and Credit Arrangements
2002 2001
------ ------
Revolving Loans due 2006 bearing interest at the option of the Company at the higher of
the federal funds rate plus .50% and the bank's prime lending rate plus 1.0%; or at
LIBOR or NIBOR plus 2.0%, plus, in each case, a facility fee of .50%, to be paid
quarterly.............................................................................. $ 10 $ 10
Term Loans due 2006 bearing interest at the option of the Company at the higher of the
federal funds rate plus .50% and the bank's prime lending rate plus 2.0%; or at LIBOR
or NIBOR plus 3.0%, to be paid quarterly............................................... 49 125
7% Senior Notes due 2006.................................................................. 500 500
7.625% Senior Debentures due 2026......................................................... 249 249
9.25% Senior Notes due 2008............................................................... 377 275
Debt payable through 2011 at interest rates ranging from 0% to 9.5%....................... 26 24
Other..................................................................................... 13 --
Less current maturities of long-term debt................................................. (12) (11)
------ ------
$1,212 $1,172
====== ======
72
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 8 -- Long-Term Debt and Credit Arrangements - Continued
In June 2002, the Company received approximately $100 in net proceeds
($102.5 in gross proceeds) from the completion of an offering by Millennium
America Inc. ("Millennium America"), a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of the
Company, of $100 additional principal amount at maturity of 9.25% Senior Notes
due June 15, 2008 (the "9.25% Senior Notes"). The gross proceeds of the offering
were used to repay all outstanding borrowings at that time under the Company's
Revolving Loans and to repay $65 outstanding under the Term Loans. During 2001,
the Company refinanced $425 of borrowings and paid refinancing expenses of $11
with the combined proceeds of a new five-year credit agreement (the "Credit
Agreement"), which provided a $175 revolving credit facility and $125 in term
loans, and the issuance of $275 aggregate principal amount of 9.25% Senior Notes
by Millennium America. The Company and Millennium America guarantee the
obligations under the Credit Agreement.
The Revolving Loans are available in US dollars, British pounds and euros.
The Revolving Loans may be borrowed, repaid and reborrowed from time to time.
The Revolving Loans include a $50 letter of credit subfacility and a swingline
facility in the amount of $25. As of December 31, 2002, $11 was outstanding
under the letter of credit subfacility, and no amount under the swingline
facility. The Term Loans may be prepaid in part or in total at the option of the
Company at any time, but any such amounts prepaid may not be reborrowed. The
interest rates on the Revolving Loans and the Term Loans are floating rates
based upon margins over LIBOR, NIBOR, or the Administrative Agent's prime
lending rate, as the case may be. Such margins, as well as the facility fee, are
based on the Company's Leverage Ratio, as defined. The margins set forth in the
table above are the margins at the end of the fourth quarter and through the
date hereof. The weighted-average interest rate for borrowings under the
Company's Revolving Loans, excluding facility fees, was 3.9%, 5.4% and 6.7% for
2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The weighted average interest rate for
borrowings under the Term Loans was 4.9% for 2002 and 6.4% for 2001.
The Credit Agreement contains various restrictive covenants and requires
that the Company meet certain financial performance criteria. The financial
covenants in the Credit Agreement include a Leverage Ratio and an Interest
Coverage Ratio. The Leverage Ratio is the ratio of Total Indebtedness to
cumulative EBITDA for the prior four fiscal quarters, each as defined. The
Interest Coverage Ratio is the ratio of cumulative EBITDA for the prior four
fiscal quarters to Net Interest Expense, for the same period, each as defined.
To permit the Company to be in compliance, these covenants were amended in the
fourth quarter of 2001 and again in the second quarter of 2002. This second
amendment was conditioned upon consummation of the offering of $100 additional
principal amount of the 9.25% Senior Notes and retirement of the Credit
Agreement debt described above. Under the covenants now in effect, the Company
is required to maintain a Leverage Ratio of no more than 7.25 to 1.00 for the
fourth quarter of 2002; 5.75 to 1.00 for the first quarter of 2003; 4.75 to 1.00
for the second quarter of 2003; 4.50 to 1.00 for the third and fourth quarters
of 2003; and 4.00 to 1.00 for January 1, 2004 and thereafter; and an Interest
Coverage Ratio of no less than 1.90 to 1.00 for the fourth quarter of 2002; 2.25
to 1.00 for the first quarter of 2003; 2.50 to 1.00 for the second, third and
fourth quarters of 2003; and 3.00 to 1.00 for January 1, 2004 and thereafter.
The covenants in the Credit Agreement also limit, among other things, the
ability of the Company and/or certain subsidiaries of the Company to: (i) incur
debt and issue preferred stock; (ii) create liens; (iii) engage in
sale/leaseback transactions; (iv) declare or pay dividends on, or purchase, the
Company's stock; (v) make restricted payments; (vi) engage in transactions with
affiliates; (vii) sell assets; (viii) engage in mergers or acquisitions; (ix)
engage in domestic accounts receivable securitization transactions; and (x)
enter into restrictive agreements. In the event the Company sells certain assets
as specified in the Credit Agreement, the Term Loans must be prepaid with a
portion of the net cash proceeds of such sale. The obligations under the Credit
Agreement are collateralized by: (1) a pledge of 100% of the stock of the
Company's existing and future domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the stock of
certain of the Company's existing and future foreign subsidiaries, in both cases
other than subsidiaries that hold immaterial assets (as defined in the Credit
Agreement); (2) all the equity interests held by the Company's subsidiaries in
Equistar and the La Porte Methanol Company (which pledges are limited to the
right to receive distributions made by Equistar and the La Porte Methanol
Company, respectively); and (3) all present and future accounts receivable,
intercompany indebtedness and inventory of the Company's domestic subsidiaries,
other than subsidiaries that hold immaterial assets.
The Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement
at December 31, 2002. Compliance with these covenants is monitored frequently in
order to assess the likelihood of continued compliance. The Company currently
expects that it will be in compliance with these covenants at March 31, 2003.
However, the
73
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 8 -- Long-Term Debt and Credit Arrangements - Continued
Company believes that it will not be in compliance with certain of these
financial covenants at June 30, 2003, unless economic and business conditions
improve significantly in the second quarter of 2003. Accordingly, the Company
is seeking a waiver or amendment to the Credit Agreement, which it expects to
obtain by June 30, 2003.
The Company had $21 outstanding ($10 of outstanding borrowings and
outstanding letters of credit of $11) under the Revolving Loans and,
accordingly, had $154 of unused availability under such facility at December 31,
2002. In addition, the Company had $49 outstanding under the Term Loans at
December 31, 2002. In addition to letters of credit outstanding under the Credit
Agreement, the Company had outstanding letters of credit under other
arrangements of $12 at December 31, 2002. The Company had unused availability
under short-term uncommitted lines of credit, other than the Credit Agreement,
of $44 at December 31, 2002.
Millennium America also has outstanding $500 aggregate principal amount of
7.00% Senior Notes due November 15, 2006 (the "7.00% Senior Notes") and $250
aggregate principal amount of 7.625% Senior Debentures due November 15, 2026
(the "7.625% Senior Debentures") that are fully and unconditionally guaranteed
by the Company. The indenture under which the 7.00% Senior Notes and 7.625%
Senior Debentures were issued contains certain covenants that limit, among other
things: (i) the ability of Millennium America and its Restricted Subsidiaries
(as defined) to grant liens or enter into sale/leaseback transactions; (ii) the
ability of the Restricted Subsidiaries to incur additional indebtedness; and,
(iii) the ability of Millennium America and the Company to merge, consolidate or
transfer substantially all of their respective assets. This indenture allows the
Company to grant security on loans of up to 15% of Consolidated Net Tangible
Assets ("CNTA"), as defined, of Millennium America. Accordingly, based upon CNTA
and secured borrowing levels at December 31, 2002, any reduction in CNTA below
approximately $1,500 would decrease the Company's availability under the
Revolving Loans by 15% of any such reduction. CNTA was approximately $2,000 at
December 31, 2002.
The 9.25% Senior Notes were issued by Millennium America and are guaranteed
by the Company. The indenture under which the 9.25% Senior Notes were issued
contains certain covenants that limit, among other things, the ability of the
Company and/or certain subsidiaries of the Company to: (i) incur additional
debt; (ii) issue redeemable stock and preferred stock; (iii) create liens; (iv)
redeem debt that is junior in right of payment to the 9.25% Senior Notes; (v)
sell or otherwise dispose of assets, including capital stock of subsidiaries;
(vi) enter into arrangements that restrict dividends from subsidiaries; (vii)
enter into mergers or consolidations; (viii) enter into transactions with
affiliates; and, (ix) enter into sale/leaseback transactions. In addition, this
indenture contains a covenant that would prohibit the Company from (i) paying
dividends or making distributions on its common stock; (ii) repurchasing its
common stock; and (iii) making other types of restricted payments, including
certain types of investments, if such restricted payments would exceed a
"restricted payments basket." The basket is reduced by the amount of each such
restricted payment and is increased by: (i) 50% of the Company's Cumulative Net
Income (as defined in such indenture) since July 1, 2001 (or is reduced by 100%
of its Cumulative Net Income if such amount is negative); (ii) the net cash
proceeds from the sale by the Company of its common stock to third parties; and
(iii) 50% of any cash distributions received from Equistar. As of the filing of
this Annual Report of Form 10-K, after taking into consideration the $9 dividend
declared in the first quarter of 2003, the amount of the restricted payments
basket is expected to be $41. The indenture also requires the calculation of a
Consolidated Coverage Ratio, defined as the ratio of the aggregate amount of
EBITDA, as defined, for the four most recent fiscal quarters to Consolidated
Interest Expense, as defined, for the four most recent quarters. If this ratio
were to cease to be greater than 2.00 to 1.00 (2.25 to 1.00 after June 15,
2003), there would be certain restrictions on the Company's ability to incur
additional indebtedness and pay dividends, repurchase capital stock or make
certain other restricted payments. However, if the 9.25% Senior Notes were to
receive investment grade credit ratings from both Standard & Poor's ("S&P") and
Moody's Investor Services, Inc. ("Moody's") and meet certain other requirements
as specified in the indenture, certain of these covenants would no longer apply.
The Company is currently rated BB+ by S&P and Ba1 by Moody's. On March 7, 2003,
S&P lowered the Company's credit rating from investment grade rating BBB- to
non-investment grade rating BB+ with a negative outlook, reflecting S&P's
concern regarding the Company's ability to generate the cash flow necessary to
substantially improve its financial profile during a period of economic
uncertainties and higher raw material costs. Moody's affirmed the Company's
non-investment grade rating on June 19, 2002, but revised its ratings outlook to
negative from stable, reflecting Moody's concern over the Company's cash flow
performance in the fourth quarter of 2001 and the first quarter of 2002. The
Company could be required to cash collateralize the mark-to-market positions of
certain derivative instruments dependent upon the market value
74
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 8 -- Long-Term Debt and Credit Arrangements - Continued
of these instruments. Based on the current market value of these instruments,
the Company would not be required to place any funds on deposit with the
counterparty to these transactions. Furthermore, the Company will also
provide a $2.5 letter of credit in accordance with a real estate lease.
Obtaining this letter of credit will result in an equal reduction of
availability under the revolving credit portion of the Credit Agreement.
At December 31, 2002, the Company was in compliance with all covenants in
the indentures governing the 9.25% Senior Notes, 7.00% Senior Notes and 7.625%
Senior Debentures.
Millennium America, a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of the Company, had
an indemnity agreement with Equistar pursuant to which Millennium America could
have been required under certain circumstances to contribute to Equistar up to
$750. This indemnity terminated upon the closing of the purchase by Lyondell of
Occidental's interest in Equistar.
The Company had outstanding Notes payable of $4 as of each of December 31,
2002 and 2001, bearing interest at an average rate of approximately 19.1% and
17.3% in 2002 and 2001, respectively, with maturity of 30 days or less. At
December 31, 2002, the Company had outstanding standby letters of credit
amounting to $23 and had unused availability under short-term uncommitted lines
of credit and the Credit Agreement of $198.
The maturities of Long-term debt during the next five years and thereafter
are as follows:
2003................................................ $ 12
2004................................................ 6
2005................................................ 26
2006................................................ 534
2007................................................ 4
Thereafter.......................................... 629
Non-cash components of long-term debt............... 13
------
$1,224
======
Note 9 -- Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
Effective January 1, 2001, the Company adopted SFAS No. 133, "Accounting
for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities", as amended ("SFAS No. 133"),
which requires that all derivative instruments be reported on the balance sheet
at fair value and establishes criteria for designation and effectiveness of
hedging relationships. The cumulative effect of adopting SFAS No. 133 as of
January 1, 2001 was not material to the Company's financial statements.
The Company is exposed to market risk, such as changes in currency exchange
rates, interest rates and commodity pricing. To manage the volatility relating
to these exposures, the Company selectively enters into derivative transactions
pursuant to the Company's policies for hedging practices. Designation is
performed on a specific exposure basis to support hedge accounting. The changes
in fair value of these hedging instruments are offset in part or in whole by
corresponding changes in the fair value or cash flows of the underlying
exposures being hedged. The Company does not hold or issue derivative financial
instruments for speculative or trading purposes.
Foreign Currency Exposure Management: The Company manufactures and sells
its products in a number of countries throughout the world and, as a result, is
exposed to movements in foreign currency exchange rates. The primary purpose of
the Company's foreign currency hedging activities is to manage the volatility
associated with foreign currency purchases and foreign currency sales. The
Company utilizes forward exchange contracts with various terms. As of December
31, 2002 these contracts had expiration dates within the next twelve months. The
Company utilizes forward exchange contracts with contract terms normally lasting
less than three months to protect against the adverse effect that exchange rate
fluctuations may have on foreign currency denominated trade receivables and
trade payables. These derivatives have not been designated as hedges for
accounting purposes. The gains and losses on both the derivatives and the
foreign currency denominated trade receivables and payables are
75
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 9 -- Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Continued
recorded in current earnings. Net amounts included in S,D&A expense, which
offset similar amounts from foreign currency denominated trade receivables and
payables, also included in S,D&A expense, were a gain of $2 in 2002 and were not
significant in 2001.
In addition, the Company utilizes forward exchange contracts that qualify
as cash flow hedges. These are intended to offset the effect of exchange rate
fluctuations on forecasted sales and inventory purchases. Gains and losses on
these instruments are deferred in OCI until the underlying transaction is
recognized in earnings. The earnings impact is reported either in Net sales or
Cost of products sold to match the underlying transaction being hedged. During
2002 and 2001, net gains of $4 and net losses of $4, respectively, on forward
exchange contracts designated as cash flow hedges were reclassified to earnings
to match the gain or loss on the underlying transaction being hedged. Hedge
ineffectiveness had no significant impact on earnings for 2002 and 2001. No
forward exchange contract cash flow hedges were discontinued during 2002 and
2001. The Company estimates that approximately $1 (less than $1 after-tax) of
net derivative losses on foreign currency cash flow hedges included in OCI at
December 31, 2002 will be reclassified to earnings during the next twelve
months.
Commodity Price Risk Management: Raw materials used by the Company are
subject to price volatility caused by demand and supply conditions and other
unpredictable factors. The Company selectively uses commodity swap arrangements
to manage the volatility related to anticipated purchases of natural gas with
various terms. As of December 31, 2002, these swaps had expiration dates no
later than January 2004. These market instruments are designated as cash flow
hedges. The mark-to-market gain or loss on qualifying hedges is included in OCI
to the extent effective, and reclassified into Cost of products sold in the
period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The mark-to-market
gains or losses on ineffective portions of hedges are recognized in Cost of
products sold immediately. During 2002 and 2001, net losses on commodity swaps
designated as cash flow hedges of $6 and $5, respectively, were reclassified to
Cost of products sold to match the gain on the underlying transaction being
hedged. Hedge ineffectiveness had no significant impact on earnings for 2002 and
2001. No commodity swap cash flow hedges were discontinued in 2002 and 2001. The
Company estimates that approximately $1 ($1 after-tax) of net losses on
commodity swaps included in OCI at December 31, 2002 will be reclassified to
earnings during the next twelve months. In addition, the Company uses commodity
swap agreements to manage the volatility related to anticipated purchases of
certain commodities, a portion of which exposes the Company to natural gas price
risk. These derivatives have not been designated as hedges for accounting
purposes. Net gains of $1 were included in Cost of products sold in 2002. As of
December 31, 2002, these swaps had expiration dates no later than January 2003.
Interest Rate Risk Management: The Company selectively uses derivative
instruments to manage its ratio of debt bearing fixed interest rates to debt
bearing variable interest rates. At December 31, 2002, the Company had
outstanding interest rate swap agreements with a notional amount of $200, which
are designated as fair value hedges of underlying fixed-rate obligations. The
fair value of these interest rate swap agreements was approximately $4 at
December 31, 2002 resulting in an increase to long-term debt carrying value and
the recognition of a corresponding swap asset. The gains and losses on both the
interest rate swaps and the hedged portion of the underlying debt are recorded
in Interest expense. In addition, at December 31, 2002, the Company had
outstanding an interest rate swap agreement with a notional amount of $50, which
is designated as a cash flow hedge of outstanding variable rate debt. The fair
value of this interest rate swap agreement was not significant at December 31,
2002. Hedge ineffectiveness had no significant impact on earnings for 2002 and
2001. In July 2002, the Company terminated all of the interest rate swap
agreements that were in effect at that time. Proceeds received upon termination
were approximately $12. Gains deferred on these interest rate swaps of
approximately $10 result in an increase to long-term debt carrying value and
will be recognized as a reduction in Interest expense ratably over approximately
four years, the remaining term of the underlying fixed-rate obligations
previously hedged. The amount of these deferred gains recognized as a reduction
of Interest expense during the year ended December 31, 2002 was approximately
$1.
During the year 2001, the Company had entered into interest-rate swap
agreements to convert $200 of its fixed-rate debt into variable-rate debt. These
derivatives did not qualify for hedge accounting because the maturity of the
swaps was less than the maturity of the hedged debt. Accordingly, changes in the
fair value of such agreements was recognized as a reduction or increase in
Interest expense. The swap agreements were terminated in 2001 and realized gains
of $5 were recorded as a reduction of Interest expense for 2001.
76
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 10 -- Fair Value of Non-Derivative Financial Instruments
The fair value of all short-term financial instruments (i.e., trade
receivables, notes payable, etc.) and restricted cash approximates their
carrying value, due to their short maturity or ready availability. The fair
value of the Company's other financial instruments is based upon estimates
received from independent financial advisors as follows:
2002 2001
---------------- ----------------
Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
Value Value Value Value
-------- ----- -------- -----
Amount outstanding under Revolving Loans............ $ 10 $ 10 $ 10 $ 10
Term Loans.......................................... 49 49 125 125
7.00% Senior Notes.................................. 500 480 500 469
7.625% Senior Debentures............................ 249 208 249 194
9.25% Senior Notes.................................. 377 392 275 283
In addition, the Company has various contractual obligations to purchase
raw materials, utilities and services used in the production and distribution of
its products, including but not limited to: titanium ores for TiO[u]2, CST for
fragrance chemicals, syngas for methanol, carbon monoxide for acetic acid and
ethylene for VAM. (See Note 15 -- Commitments and Contingencies, below.) Such
commitments are generally at market prices, formula prices based primarily on
costs of raw materials, or at fixed prices but subject to escalation for
inflation. Accordingly, the fair value of such obligations approximates their
contractual value.
Note 11 -- Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
Domestic Benefit Plans: The Company has non-contributory defined benefit
pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans that cover substantially
all of its United States employees. The benefits for the pension plans are based
primarily on years of credited service and average compensation as defined under
the respective plan provisions. The Company's funding policy is to contribute
amounts to the pension plans sufficient to meet the minimum funding requirements
set forth in the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, plus such
additional amounts as the Company may determine to be appropriate from time to
time. The pension plans' assets are held in a master asset trust and are managed
by independent portfolio managers. Such assets include the Company's Common
Stock, which account for less than 1% of master trust assets at December 31,
2002 and 2001.
The Company also sponsors defined contribution plans for its salaried and
certain union employees. Contributions relating to defined contribution plans
are made based upon the respective plan provisions.
Foreign Benefit Arrangements: Certain of the Company's foreign subsidiaries
have defined benefit plans. The assets of these plans are held separately from
the Company in independent funds.
The following table provides a reconciliation of the changes in the benefit
obligations and the fair value of the plan assets over the two-year period
ending December 31, 2002, and a statement of the funded status as of December 31
for both years:
77
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in million, except share data)
Note 11 -- Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits - Continued
Other
Postretirement
Pension Benefits Benefits
---------------- --------------
2002 2001 2002 2001
----- ---- ----- -----
Reconciliation of benefit obligation
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year... $ 758 $760 $ 80 $ 97
Service cost, including interest ................... 13 12 -- --
Interest in PBO .................................... 51 53 6 6
Benefit payments ................................... (78) (84) (12) (12)
Curtailments ....................................... -- 1 -- --
Net experience loss (gain) ......................... 42 15 15 (7)
Amendments ......................................... 11 4 (13) (4)
Translation and other adjustments .................. 21 (3) -- --
----- ---- ----- -----
Projected benefit obligation at end of year ..... $ 818 $758 $ 76 $ 80
----- ---- ----- -----
Reconciliation of fair value of plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year ..... $ 778 $895 $ -- $ --
Return on plan assets .............................. (91) (36) -- --
Employer contributions ............................. 9 8 12 12
Benefit payments ................................... (78) (84) (12) (12)
Translation and other adjustments .................. 11 (5) -- --
----- ---- ----- -----
Fair value of plan assets at end of year ........ $ 629 $778 $ -- $ --
----- ---- ----- -----
Funded status
Funded status at December 31 ....................... $(189) $ 20 $ (76) $ (80)
Unrecognized net asset ............................. (3) (4) -- --
Unrecognized prior service cost .................... 19 8 (23) (14)
Unrecognized loss (gain) ........................... 353 146 (17) (32)
----- ---- ----- -----
Net prepaid (accrued) benefit cost .............. 180 170 (116) (126)
Additional minimum liabilities .................. (258) (11) -- --
Intangible asset ................................ 16 3 -- --
----- ---- ----- -----
Net (accrued) prepaid benefit cost .............. $ (62) $162 $(116) $(126)
----- ---- ----- -----
As of December 31, 2002, the net accrued benefit cost for pension benefits
is comprised of the following:
2002
----
Prepaid benefit cost.................................................... $ 20
Intangible asset........................................................ 16
Accrued benefit cost.................................................... (98)
----
Net accrued benefit cost................................................ $(62)
====
The net accrued benefit cost of $62 at December 31, 2002 is included in
Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. An equity charge of $166
($235 pre-tax) was required at December 31, 2002 to record additional minimum
liabilities associated with certain of the Company's defined benefit pension
plans and is included in Cumulative other comprehensive loss at December 31,
2002.
78
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in million, except share data)
Note 11-- Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits - Continued
At December 31, 2001, Other assets includes an intangible asset of $3 and
Cumulative other comprehensive loss includes $4 to record additional minimum
liabilities associated with certain of the Company's defined benefit pension
plans.
Pension plans with projected benefit obligations in excess of the fair
value of assets are summarized as follows at December 31:
2002 2001
---- ----
Projected benefit obligation...................................... $805 $143
Fair value of assets.............................................. 604 109
Pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of the fair
value of assets are summarized as follows at December 31:
2002 2001
---- ----
Accumulated benefit obligation.................................... $698 $ 45
Fair value of assets.............................................. 604 29
The following table provides the components of net periodic benefit cost:
Other
Postretirement
Pension Benefits Benefits
-------------------- ------------------
2002 2001 2000 2002 2001 2000
---- ----- ----- ---- ---- ----
Net periodic benefit cost
Service cost, including interest ............ $ 12 $ 12 $ 12 $-- $-- $--
Interest on PBO ............................. 50 53 54 6 6 8
Return on plan assets ....................... (75) (76) (78) -- -- --
Amortization of unrecognized net loss ....... 1 -- 2 (2) (2) (2)
Amortization of prior service cost .......... 1 1 1 (2) (1) (1)
Net effect of curtailments and settlements... 2 2 -- -- (1) --
---- ---- ---- --- --- ---
Net periodic benefit cost ................... (9) (8) (9) 2 2 5
Defined contribution plans .................. 4 4 4 -- -- --
---- ---- ---- --- --- ---
Net periodic benefit cost ................... $ (5) $ (4) $ (5) $ 2 $ 2 $ 5
==== ==== ==== === === ===
79
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in million, except share data)
Note 11 -- Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits - Continued
The assumptions used in the measurement of the Company's benefit
obligations are shown in the following table:
Other
Postretirement
Pension Benefits Benefits
------------------ ------------------
2002 2001 2000 2002 2001 2000
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Weighted average assumptions
as of December 31
Discount rate ............. 6.35% 7.27% 7.38% 6.50% 7.50% 7.50%
Expected return on plan
assets ................. 8.34% 8.87% 8.86% -- -- --
Rate of compensation
increase ............... 3.52% 4.23% 4.30% -- -- --
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the
amounts reported for the health care plans. The assumed healthcare cost trend
rate used in measuring the healthcare portion of the postretirement benefit
obligation at December 31, 2002 was 9.0% for 2003, declining gradually to 5.5%
for 2010 and thereafter. A 1% increase or decrease in assumed health care cost
trend rates would affect service and interest components of postretirement
health care benefit costs by less than $1 in each of the years ended December
31, 2002 and 2001. The effect on the accumulated postretirement benefit
obligation would be $4 at each of December 31, 2002 and 2001.
Note 12 -- Stock-Based Compensation Plans
Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan: The Company's 2001 Omnibus Incentive
Compensation Plan (the "Omnibus Incentive Plan") was designed to optimize the
profitability and growth of the Company through annual and long-term incentives
that are consistent with the Company's goals and to link the personal interests
of the participants to those of the Company's shareholders and was ratified by
the Company's shareholders in 2001. Since January 1, 2001, awards under the
Company's Long Term Incentive Plan and Executive Long Term Incentive Plan
described below have been granted under the Omnibus Incentive Plan.
The Omnibus Incentive Plan provides for the following types of awards: (i)
stock options, including incentive stock options and non-qualified stock
options; (ii) stock appreciation rights; (iii) restricted shares; (iv)
performance units; (v) performance shares; (vi) stock awards; and (vii)
cash-based awards. Awards can be granted to employees and non-employee
directors. At December 31, 2002, 1,588,000 of the maximum 3,200,000 shares of
Common Stock originally reserved for delivery to participants under the Omnibus
Incentive Plan were available to be granted as awards under the plan.
Stock Options Awards Under the Omnibus Incentive Plan: The Compensation
Committee of the Board of Directors determines the vesting schedule and
expiration date of all options granted under the Omnibus Incentive Plan, except
that options expire no later than ten years from the date of grant. Stock
options are to be granted at exercise prices no less than the market price of
the Company's Common Stock on the date of grant. All grants under the Omnibus
Incentive Plan fully vest in the event of a change-in-control (as defined by the
plan) of the Company.
A limited number of executive officers and key employees of the Company
were awarded an aggregate of 957,000 and 655,000 non-qualified stock options in
January 2002 and May 2001, respectively. The stock option awards vest in three
equal annual installments commencing on the first anniversary of the date of
grant, and expire ten years from the date of grant. No other stock option awards
were granted under the Omnibus Incentive Plan as of December 31, 2002 and 2001,
respectively. No compensation expense was recognized for such equity-related
awards under this plan in 2002 or 2001.
80
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in million, except share data)
Note 12 -- Stock-Based Compensation Plans - Continued
Long Term Incentive Plan: The Company has a Long Term Incentive Plan for
certain management employees. Commencing in 2001, these awards have been granted
under the Omnibus Incentive Plan by reference to the Long Term Incentive Plan.
The plan provides for awards of Common Stock to be granted if annual Economic
Value Added ("EVA'r'") targets are achieved, which can then vest at the end of
the three-year vesting period. Unvested shares will be forfeited. A trust has
been established to hold shares of Common Stock to fund this obligation. At
December 31, 2002, 46,947 shares have been purchased at a total cost of $1 and
are held in this trust. Compensation expense was $1 in 2002 and was not
significant in 2001 and 2000.
Executive Long Term Incentive Plan: In 2000, the Company established an
Executive Long Term Incentive Plan for its senior executives. Commencing in
2001, these awards have been granted under the Omnibus Incentive Plan by
reference to the Executive Long Term Incentive Plan. One half of the award
granted to each executive provides for Common Stock to be granted if annual
EVA'r' targets are achieved, which can then vest at the end of the three-year
vesting period. Unvested shares will be forfeited. A trust has been established
to hold shares of Common Stock to fund this obligation. At December 31, 2002,
220,722 shares have been purchased at a total cost of $4 and are held in this
trust. The remaining half of the award is based on the total shareholder return
on the Common Stock compared to total shareholder return on the common stock of
the Company's peer group (companies in the Standard & Poor's Chemical Composite
Index) over a three-year period, in each case including reinvested dividends.
This award will be paid in cash. Compensation expense was $1 in 2002 and was $3
in each of 2001 and 2000.
Stock Incentive Plan: The Company's Stock Incentive Plan was designed to
enhance the profitability and value of the Company for the benefit of its
shareholders and was ratified by the Company's shareholders in 1997.
The Stock Incentive Plan provides for the following types of awards to
employees: (i) stock options, including incentive stock options and
non-qualified stock options; (ii) stock appreciation rights; (iii) restricted
shares; (iv) performance units; and, (v) performance shares. At December 31,
2002, 1,398,872 of the maximum 3,909,000 shares of Common Stock originally
reserved for delivery to participants under the Stock Incentive Plan were
available to be granted as awards under the plan.
Restricted Share Awards Under the Stock Incentive Plan: The vesting
schedule for granted restricted share awards was as follows: (i) three equal
tranches aggregating 25% of the total award vesting in each of October 1999,
2000 and 2001; and, (ii) three equal tranches aggregating 75% of the total award
subject to the achievement of "value creation" performance criteria established
by the Compensation Committee for each of the three performance cycles
commencing January 1, 1997 and ending December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001,
respectively. Half of the earned portion of a tranche relating to a particular
performance-based cycle of the award vested immediately and the remainder vests
in five equal annual installments commencing on the first anniversary of the end
of the cycle.
Unearned and/or unvested restricted shares, based on the market value of
the shares at each balance sheet date, are included as a separate component of
Shareholders' equity and amortized over the restricted period. Income recognized
in 2002 was not significant. Income of $2 and $6 was recognized for the years
ended December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Stock Option Awards Under the Stock Incentive Plan: Stock options granted
under the Stock Incentive Plan vest three years from the date of grant and
expire ten years from the date of grant. All stock options have been granted at
exercise prices equal to the market price of the Company's Common Stock on the
date of grant. All grants under the Stock Incentive Plan fully vest in the event
of a change-in-control (as defined by the plan) of the Company.
A summary of changes in all of the awards of restricted stock and stock
options under the Omnibus Incentive Plan and the Stock Incentive Plan, which are
the only plans under which such awards can be made, is as follows:
81
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 12 -- Stock Based Compensation Plans - Continued
Weighted- Weighted-
Restricted Average Stock Average
Shares Grant Price Options Exercise Price
---------- ----------- --------- --------------
Balance at December 31, 1999........ 2,212,224 $23.71 538,000 $21.75
Vested and issued................ (460,914) $23.70 (5,000) $19.00
Cancelled........................ (172,495) $23.75 (40,000) $21.24
Granted.......................... -- -- 117,000 $19.07
--------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 2000........ 1,578,815 $23.73 610,000 $21.31
Vested and issued................ (298,065) $23.81 -- --
Cancelled........................ (641,427) $23.39 (57,000) $21.33
Granted.......................... -- -- 748,000 $16.83
--------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 2001........ 639,323 $23.69 1,301,000 $18.73
Vested and issued................ (63,447) $24.22 -- --
Cancelled........................ (509,502) $23.94 (103,000) $20.67
Granted.......................... -- -- 999,000 $12.33
--------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 2002........ 66,374 $21.19 2,197,000 $15.73
========= =========
A summary of the Company's stock options as of December 31, 2002 is as
follows:
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
--------------------------------------------------- --------------------------
Range of Weighted average Weighted average Weighted average
exercise price Shares remaining life (yrs) exercise price Shares exercise price
--------------- --------- -------------------- ---------------- ------- ----------------
$12.24 - $16.00 1,044,000 9.0 $12.48 -- --
$16.01 - $20.00 981,000 7.6 $17.49 252,000 $19.35
$20.01 - $24.00 110,000 6.1 $22.27 54,000 $23.33
$24.01 - $28.00 32,000 6.4 $27.38 32,000 $27.38
$28.01 - $34.88 30,000 5.4 $34.88 30,000 $34.88
--------- -------
$12.24 - $34.88 2,197,000 8.2 $15.73 368,000 $21.90
========= =======
The weighted average fair value of stock options at grant date was $4.04
per share, $3.16 per share and $9.00 per share for 2002, 2001 and 2000,
respectively, using a Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions:
expected dividend yield of 5%, 4% and 2% for 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively;
risk-free interest rate of 5% in 2002, 5% in 2001 and 6% in 2000; an expected
life of 10 years; and, an expected volatility of 62%, 39% and 60% for 2002, 2001
and 2000, respectively.
Salary and Bonus Deferral Plan: The Company has a deferred compensation
plan under which officers and certain management employees have deferred a
portion of their compensation on a pre-tax basis in the form of Common Stock. A
rabbi trust (the "Trust") has been established to hold shares of Common Stock
purchased in open market transactions to fund this obligation. Shares purchased
by the Trust are reflected as Treasury stock, at cost, and, along with the
related obligation for this plan, are included in Shareholders' equity. At
December 31, 2002, 440,566 shares have been purchased at a total cost of $9 and
are held in the Trust.
82
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 13 -- Cumulative Other Comprehensive Loss
Cumulative other comprehensive loss consists of changes in foreign currency
translation adjustments, net unrealized losses on certain derivative
instruments, the minimum pension liability, and the Company's share of
Equistar's Cumulative other comprehensive loss. The following table sets forth
the components of Cumulative other comprehensive loss:
Foreign Unrealized Equity in Other Cumulative
Currency Losses on Minimum Comprehensive Other
Translation Derivative Pension Loss of Comprehensive
Adjustments Instruments Liability Equistar Loss
------------ ----------- --------- --------------- -------------
Balance, December 31, 1999............ $ (61) $-- $ -- $ -- $ (61)
2000 Change........................ (46) -- -- -- (46)
----- --- ----- ---- -----
Balance, December 31, 2000............ (107) -- -- -- (107)
2001 Change........................ (19) (6) (4) -- (29)
----- --- ----- ---- -----
Balance, December 31, 2001............ (126) (6) (4) -- (136)
2002 Change........................ 27 5 (166) (11) (145)
----- --- ----- ---- -----
Balance, December 31, 2002............ $ (99) $(1) $(170) $(11) $(281)
===== === ===== ==== =====
Note 14 -- Related Party Transactions
One of the Company's subsidiaries purchases ethylene from Equistar at
market-related prices pursuant to an agreement made in connection with the
formation of Equistar. Under the agreement, the subsidiary is required to
purchase 100% of its ethylene requirements for its La Porte, Texas facility up
to a maximum of 330 million pounds per year. The initial term of the contract
was through December 1, 2000 and automatically renews annually. Either party may
terminate on one year's notice, and neither party has provided such notice. The
subsidiary incurred charges of $43, $53 and $90 in 2002, 2001 and 2000,
respectively, under this contract.
One of the Company's subsidiaries sells VAM to Equistar at formula-based
prices pursuant to an agreement entered into in connection with the formation of
Equistar. Under this agreement, Equistar is required to purchase 100% of its VAM
feedstock requirements for its La Porte, Texas, and Clinton and Morris,
Illinois, plants, estimated to be 48 to 55 million pounds per year, up to a
maximum of 60 million pounds per year (the "Annual Maximum") for the production
of ethylene vinyl acetate products at those locations. If Equistar fails to
purchase at least 42 million pounds of VAM in any calendar year, the Annual
Maximum quantity may be reduced by as much as the total purchase deficiency for
one or more successive years. In order to reduce the Annual Maximum quantity,
Equistar must be notified within at least 30 days prior to restricting the VAM
purchases provided that the notice is not later than 45 days after the year of
the purchase deficiency. The initial term of the contract was through December
31, 2000 and renews annually. Either party may terminate on one year's notice,
and neither party has provided such notice. During the years ended December 31,
2002, 2001 and 2000, sales to Equistar were $10, $14 and $16, respectively.
One of the Company's subsidiaries and Equistar have entered into various
operating, manufacturing and technical service agreements. These agreements
provide the subsidiary with certain utilities, steam, administrative office
space, and health, safety and environmental services. The subsidiary incurred
charges of $9, $17 and $23 in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively, for such
services. In addition, the subsidiary charged Equistar $15, $18 and $13 in 2002,
2001 and 2000, respectively, for electricity and miscellaneous shared services.
Note 15 -- Commitments and Contingencies
Legal and Environmental: The Company and various Company subsidiaries are
defendants in a number of pending legal proceedings relating to present and
former operations. These include several proceedings alleging injurious exposure
of plaintiffs to various chemicals and other materials on the premises of, or
manufactured by, the Company's current and former subsidiaries. Typically, such
proceedings involve claims made by many plaintiffs against many defendants in
the chemical industry. Millennium Petrochemicals is one of a number of
defendants in
83
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 15 -- Commitments and Contingencies - Continued
80 active premises-based asbestos cases (i.e., where the alleged exposure to
asbestos-containing materials was to employees of third-party contractors or
subcontractors on the premises of certain facilities, and did not relate to any
products manufactured or sold by the Company or any of its predecessors).
Millennium Petrochemicals is also one of a number of defendants in one inactive
premises-based asbestos case where the court placed the claim on a formal
registry for dormant claims, and for which no defense costs are being incurred.
Millennium Petrochemicals is responsible for these premises-based cases as a
result of its indemnification obligations under the Company's agreements with
Equistar; however, Equistar will be required to indemnify Millennium
Petrochemicals for any such claims filed on or after December 1, 2004 related to
the assets or businesses contributed by Millennium Petrochemicals to Equistar.
Various other Company subsidiaries and alleged former subsidiaries are among a
number of defendants in 50 active premises-based asbestos cases. The Company
believes that it has valid defenses to these proceedings and is defending them
vigorously. However, litigation is subject to uncertainties and the Company is
unable to guarantee the outcome of these proceedings. In addition, the Company
may be subject to potential unknown liabilities associated with its present and
former operations, including environmental liabilities, arising from the
operations of its predecessors and prior owners or operators of its sites or
operations for which it may be responsible.
Together with other alleged past manufacturers of lead-based paint and lead
pigments for use in paint, the Company, a current subsidiary, as well as alleged
predecessor companies, have been named as defendants in various legal
proceedings alleging that they and other manufacturers are responsible for
personal injury, property damage, and remediation costs allegedly associated
with the use of these products. The plaintiffs in these legal proceedings
include municipalities, counties, school districts, individuals and the State of
Rhode Island, and seek recovery under a variety of theories, including
negligence, failure to warn, breach of warranty, conspiracy, market share
liability, fraud, misrepresentation and public nuisance. Legal proceedings
relating to lead pigment or paint are in various procedural stages or pre-trial,
post-trial and post-dismissal settings.
There are eight pending legal proceedings relating to lead pigment or paint
in various pre-trial stages. One proceeding relating to lead pigment or paint
was tried in 2002. On October 29, 2002, after a trial in which the jury
deadlocked, the court in the State of Rhode Island v. Lead Industry Association,
Inc., et al commenced in the Superior Court of Providence, Rhode Island, on
October 13, 1999, declared a mistrial. The sole issue before the jury in this
phase of the proceeding was whether lead pigment in paint in and on public and
private Rhode Island buildings constitutes a "public nuisance." On March 20,
2003, the court denied the motions for judgment as a matter of law filed by
both sides during and after the trial. The State of Rhode Island may seek a new
trial.
There are four pending legal proceedings relating to lead pigment or paint
that were dismissed after summary judgment was granted by the court in favor of
the defendants, but are now pending appeal. There are four legal proceedings
relating to lead pigment or paint which have been voluntarily dismissed by the
plaintiffs. There is also one legal proceeding relating to lead pigment or paint
that was dismissed after summary judgment was granted by the court in favor of
the defendants, but which has not been appealed. There are four legal
proceedings relating to lead pigment or paint that were abated under the laws of
the State of Texas pending the resolution of an appeal in another legal
proceeding involving lead pigment or paint where summary judgment was granted by
the court in favor of one defendant. During the abatement period, expected to
last one to two years, no defense costs will be incurred for the abated legal
proceedings. Finally, there are nine legal proceedings relating to lead pigment
or paint that have been filed with a court, are pending, but have yet to be
formally served on the Company, any of its subsidiaries, or alleged predecessor
companies.
The Company's defense costs to date for lead-based paint and lead pigment
litigation largely have been covered by insurance. The Company has not accrued
any liabilities for any lead-based paint and lead pigment litigation. The
Company has insurance policies that potentially provide approximately $1 billion
in indemnity coverage for lead-based paint and lead pigment litigation. As a
result of insurance coverage litigation initiated by the Company, an Ohio trial
court issued a decision in 2002 effectively requiring certain insurance carriers
to resume paying defense costs in the lead-based paint and lead pigment cases.
Indemnity coverage was not at issue in the Ohio court's decision. The insurance
carriers may appeal the Ohio decision regarding defense costs, and they have
84
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 15 -- Commitments and Contingencies - Continued
in the past and may in the future attempt to deny indemnity coverage if there is
ever a settlement or an adverse judgment in any lead-based paint or lead pigment
case.
In 1986, a predecessor of a company that is now a subsidiary of the Company
sold its recently acquired Glidden Paints business. As part of that sale, the
seller agreed to indemnify the purchaser against certain claims made during the
first eight years after the sale; the purchaser agreed to indemnify the seller
against such claims made after the eight-year period. With the exception of the
two cases discussed below, all pending lead-based paint and lead pigment
litigation involving the Company and its subsidiaries, including the Rhode
Island case, was filed after the eight-year period. Accordingly, the Company
believes that it is entitled to full indemnification from the purchaser against
lead-based paint and lead pigment cases filed after the eight-year period. The
purchaser disputes that it has such an indemnification obligation, and claims
that the seller must indemnify it. Since the Company's defense costs to date
largely have been covered by insurance and there never has been a settlement
paid by, nor any judgment rendered against, the Company (or any other company
sued in any lead-based paint or lead pigment litigation), the parties'
indemnification claims have not been ruled on by a court.
A current subsidiary and an alleged predecessor company are parties to the
only two remaining cases originally filed within the eight-year period following
the 1986 sale of the Glidden Paints business referred to above. In the first of
these cases, The City of New York et al. v. Lead Industries Association, Inc.,
et al., commenced in the Supreme Court of the State of New York on June 8, 1989,
the New York City Housing Authority brought an action relating to tens of
thousands of public housing units. All claims in that case have been dropped
except for those relating to two housing projects. The other remaining case,
Jackson, et al. v. The Glidden Co., et al., commenced in the Court of Common
Pleas, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, on August 12, 1992, includes five minors as
plaintiffs. Dispositive motions were filed in that case in late 2002 and have
yet to be ruled on by the court.
The Company believes that it has valid defenses to all pending lead-based
paint and lead pigment proceedings and is vigorously defending them. However,
litigation is inherently subject to many uncertainties. There can be no
assurance that additional lead-based paint and lead pigment litigation will not
be filed against the Company or its subsidiaries in the future asserting similar
or different legal theories and seeking similar or different types of damages
and relief. While an outcome such as that reached in the Rhode Island proceeding
may have a positive effect on the lead-based paint and lead pigment litigation
against the Company, its subsidiaries and other defendants by reducing the
number and nature of future claims and proceedings, other adverse court rulings
or determinations of liability, among other factors, could encourage an increase
in the number of future claims and proceedings. In addition, from time to time,
legislation and administrative regulations have been enacted or proposed to
impose obligations on present and former manufacturers of lead-based paint and
lead pigment respecting asserted health concerns associated with such products
or to overturn successful court decisions. Due to the uncertainties involved,
the Company is unable to predict the outcome of lead-based paint and lead
pigment litigation, the number or nature of possible future claims and
proceedings, or the effect that any legislation and/or administrative
regulations may have on the Company or its subsidiaries. In addition, management
cannot reasonably estimate the scope or amount of the costs and potential
liabilities related to such litigation, or any such legislation and regulations.
Accordingly, the Company has not accrued any liabilities for such litigation.
However, based upon, among other things, the outcome of such litigation to date,
including the dismissal of most of the over 50 lawsuits brought in recent years,
management does not currently believe that the costs or potential liabilities
ultimately determined to be attributable to the Company arising out of such
litigation will have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial
position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company.
The Company's businesses are subject to extensive federal, state, local and
foreign laws, regulations, rules and ordinances concerning, among other things,
emissions to the air, discharges and releases to land and water, the generation,
handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of wastes and other
materials and the remediation of environmental pollution caused by releases of
wastes and other materials (collectively, "Environmental Laws"). The operation
of any chemical manufacturing plant and the distribution of chemical products
entail risks under Environmental Laws, many of which provide for substantial
fines and criminal sanctions for violations. There can be no assurance that
significant costs or liabilities will not be incurred with respect to the
Company's operations and activities. In particular, the production of TiO[u]2,
TiCl[u]4, VAM, acetic acid, methanol and certain other chemicals involves the
handling, manufacture or use of substances or compounds that may be considered
to be toxic or hazardous within the meaning of certain Environmental Laws, and
certain operations have
85
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 15 -- Commitments and Contingencies - Continued
the potential to cause environmental or other damage. Significant expenditures
including facility-related expenditures could be required in connection with any
investigation and remediation of threatened or actual pollution, triggers under
existing Environmental Laws tied to production or new requirements under
Environmental Laws.
The Company cannot predict whether future developments or changes in laws
and regulations concerning environmental protection will affect its earnings or
cash flow in a materially adverse manner or whether its operating units,
Equistar or La Porte Methanol Company will be successful in meeting future
demands of regulatory agencies in a manner that will not materially adversely
affect the consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows
of the Company. For example, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (the
"TCEQ") submitted a plan to the United States Environmental Protection Agency
("EPA") requiring the eight-county Houston/Galveston, Texas area to come into
compliance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for ozone by 2007.
These requirements, if implemented, would mandate significant reductions of
nitrogen oxide ("NOx") emissions requiring increased capital investment by
Equistar of between $200 and $260 before the 2007 regulatory deadline, as well
as create higher annual operating costs. This result could potentially affect
cash distributions from Equistar to the Company. In January 2001, Equistar,
individually and as part of an industry coalition, filed a lawsuit in State
District Court in Travis County, Texas seeking adoption of an alternative plan
for air quality improvement. In response to the lawsuit, the TCEQ conducted an
accelerated scientific review during 2001 and 2002. In December 2002, the TCEQ
adopted revised rules, which changed the required NOx emission reduction levels
from 90% to 80% while requiring new controls on emissions of highly reactive
volatile organic compounds ("HRVOCs"), such as ethylene, propylene, butadiene
and butanes. These new rules still require approval by the EPA. Based on the 80%
NOx reduction requirement, Equistar estimates that its aggregate related capital
expenditures could total between $165 and $200 before the 2007 deadline, and
could result in higher annual operating costs. Equistar is still assessing the
impact of the new HRVOC control requirements. Additionally, the TCEQ plans to
make a final review of these rules, with final rule revisions to be adopted by
May 2004. The timing and amount of these expenditures are subject to regulatory
and other uncertainties, as well as obtaining the necessary permits and
approvals. At this time, there can be no guarantee as to the ultimate capital
cost of implementing any final plan developed to ensure ozone attainment by the
2007 deadline.
From time to time, various agencies may serve cease and desist orders or
notices of violation on an operating unit or deny its applications for certain
licenses or permits, in each case alleging that the practices of the operating
unit are not consistent with regulations or ordinances. In some cases, the
relevant operating unit may seek to meet with the agency to determine mutually
acceptable methods of modifying or eliminating the practice in question. The
Company believes that its operating units generally operate in compliance with
applicable regulations and ordinances in a manner that should not have a
material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position, results of
operations or cash flows of the Company.
Certain Company subsidiaries have been named as defendants, potentially
responsible parties (the "PRPs"), or both, in a number of environmental
proceedings associated with waste disposal sites or facilities currently or
previously owned, operated or used by the Company's current or former
subsidiaries or their predecessors, some of which are on the Superfund National
Priorities List of the EPA or similar state lists. These proceedings seek
cleanup costs, damages for personal injury or property damage, or both. Based
upon third-party technical reports, the projections of outside consultants or
outside counsel, or both, the Company has estimated its individual exposure at
these sites to be between $25 thousand and $26.7. In the most significant of
these proceedings, a subsidiary is named as one of four PRPs at the Kalamazoo
River Superfund Site in Michigan. The site involves contamination of river
sediments and floodplain soils with polychlorinated biphenyls. Originally
commenced on December 2, 1987 in the United States District Court for the
Western District of Michigan as Kelly v. Allied Paper, Inc. et al., the matter
was stayed and is being addressed under the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act. In October 2000, the Kalamazoo River
Study Group (the "KRSG"), of which one of the Company's subsidiaries is a
member, submitted to the State of Michigan a Draft Remedial Investigation and
Draft Feasibility Study (the "Draft Study"), which evaluated a number of
remedial options and recommended a remedy involving the stabilization of several
miles of river bank and the long-term monitoring of river sediments at a total
collective cost of approximately $73. During 2001, additional sampling
activities were performed in discrete parts of the river. At the end of 2001,
the EPA took responsibility for the site at the request of the State. While the
State has submitted comments to the EPA on the Draft Study, the EPA has yet to
similarly comment. The Company has estimated its
86
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 15 -- Commitments and Contingencies - Continued
liability at this site based upon the KRSG's recommended remedy. Guidance as to
how the EPA will likely proceed with further evaluation and remediation, if
required, at the Kalamazoo site is expected by early 2004. At that time, the
Company's estimate of its liability will be reevaluated. The Company's ultimate
liability for the Kalamazoo site will depend on many factors that have not yet
been determined, including the ultimate remedy selected by the EPA, the number
and financial viability of the other members of the KRSG as well as of other
PRPs outside the KRSG, and the determination of the final allocation among the
members of the KRSG and other PRPs.
The Company believes that the reasonably probable and estimable range of
potential liability for environmental and other legal contingencies,
collectively, but which primarily relates to environmental remediation
activities and other environmental proceedings, is between $67 and $95 and has
accrued $71 as of December 31, 2002. The Company expects that cash expenditures
related to these potential liabilities will be made over a number of years, and
will not be concentrated in any single year. This accrual also reflects the fact
that certain Company subsidiaries have contractual obligations to indemnify
other parties against certain environmental and other liabilities. For example,
the Company agreed as part of its Demerger to indemnify Hanson and certain of
its subsidiaries against certain of such contractual indemnification
obligations, and Millennium Petrochemicals agreed as part of the December 1,
1997 formation of Equistar to indemnify Equistar for certain liabilities related
to the assets contributed by Millennium Petrochemicals to Equistar in excess of
$7, which threshold was exceeded in 2001. The terms of these indemnification
agreements do not limit the maximum potential future payments to the indemnified
parties. The maximum amount of future indemnification payments is dependent upon
many factors and is not practicable to estimate.
No assurance can be given that actual costs for environmental matters will
not exceed accrued amounts or that estimates made with respect to
indemnification obligations will be accurate. In addition, it is possible that
costs will be incurred with respect to contamination, indemnification
obligations or other environmental matters that currently are unknown or as to
which it is currently not possible to make an estimate.
On January 16, 2002, Slidell Inc. ("Slidell") filed a lawsuit against
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Inc., a wholly owned operating subsidiary of the
Company, alleging breach of contract and other related causes of action arising
out of a contract between the two parties for the supply of packaging equipment.
In the suit, Slidell seeks unspecified monetary damages. The Company believes it
has substantial defenses to these allegations and has filed a counterclaim
against Slidell.
The Company believes that it has valid defenses to the legal proceedings
described above and intends to defend these legal proceedings vigorously.
However, litigation is subject to many uncertainties and the Company cannot
guarantee the outcome of these proceedings. Based upon information currently
available, the Company does not believe that the outcome of these proceedings
will, either individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on
the consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the
Company.
Purchase Commitments: The Company has various agreements for the purchase
of ore used in the production of TiO[u]2 and certain other agreements to
purchase raw materials, utilities and services with various terms extending
through 2020. The fixed and determinable portion of obligations under purchase
commitments at December 31, 2002 (at current exchange rates, where applicable)
is as follows:
Ore Other Total
---- ------ ------
2003............................... $195 $ 132 $ 327
2004............................... 143 95 238
2005............................... 167 81 248
2006............................... 42 80 122
2007............................... -- 78 78
Thereafter......................... -- 654 654
---- ------ ------
Total......................... $547 $1,120 $1,667
==== ====== ======
87
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 15 -- Commitments and Contingencies - Continued
One of the Company's subsidiaries has entered into an agreement with DuPont
to toll acetic acid through DuPont's VAM plant, thereby acquiring all of the VAM
production at such plant not utilized by DuPont. The tolling fee is based on the
market price of ethylene, plus a processing charge. The term of the contract is
from January 1, 2001 through December 31, 2006, and thereafter from
year-to-year. The total commitment over the remaining term of the contract is
expected to be $247.
Future Minimum Rental Commitments: Future minimum rental commitments under
non-cancelable operating leases, as of December 31, 2002, are as follows:
2003.......................... $ 21
2004.......................... 17
2005.......................... 14
2006.......................... 11
2007.......................... 10
Thereafter.................... 88
----
$161
====
Other Contingencies: The Company is organized under the laws of Delaware
and is subject to United States federal income taxation of corporations.
However, in order to obtain clearance from the United Kingdom Inland Revenue as
to the tax-free treatment of the Demerger stock dividend for United Kingdom tax
purposes for Hanson and Hanson's shareholders, Hanson agreed with the United
Kingdom Inland Revenue that the Company would continue to be centrally managed
and controlled in the United Kingdom at least until September 30, 2001. The
Company agreed with Hanson not to take, or fail to take, during such five-year
period, any action that would result in a breach of, or constitute
non-compliance with, any of the representations and undertakings made by Hanson
in its agreement with the United Kingdom Inland Revenue. The Company also agreed
to indemnify Hanson against any liability and penalties arising out of a breach
of such agreement.
Effective February 4, 2002, the Company ceased being centrally managed and
controlled in the United Kingdom. The Company believes that it has satisfied all
obligations that it be managed and controlled in the United Kingdom for the
requisite five-year period.
See Note 7 for additional information regarding income tax contingencies.
Note 16 -- Operations by Business Segment and Geographic Area
The Company's principal operations are managed and grouped as three
separate business segments: Titanium Dioxide and Related Products, Acetyls and
Specialty Chemicals. Operating income and expense not identified with the three
separate business segments, consisting primarily of employee-related costs from
predecessor businesses and certain other expenses, are reflected as Other. The
accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note 1.
Most of the Company's foreign operations are conducted by subsidiaries in
the United Kingdom, France, Brazil and Australia. Sales between the Company's
operations are made on terms similar to those of its third-party distributors.
Income and expense not allocated to business segments in computing
operating income include interest income and expense, other income and expense
and equity in earnings (loss) of Equistar.
Export sales from the United States for the years ended December 31, 2002,
2001 and 2000 were approximately $254, $245 and $201, respectively.
88
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 16 -- Operations by Business Segment and Geographic Area - Continued
The following is a summary of the Company's operations by business segment:
2002 2001 2000
------ ------ ------
Net sales
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products .......... $1,129 $1,145 $1,355
Acetyls ........................................ 334 355 337
Specialty Chemicals ............................ 91 90 101
------ ------ ------
Total ....................................... $1,554 $1,590 $1,793
====== ====== ======
Operating income (loss)
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products .......... $ 63 $ 42 $ 148
Acetyls ........................................ 15 (19) 48
Specialty Chemicals ............................ 6 11 20
Other .......................................... 9 5 1
------ ------ ------
Total ....................................... $ 93 $ 39 $ 217
====== ====== ======
Depreciation and amortization
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products .......... $ 83 $ 81 $ 85
Acetyls ........................................ 11 21 20
Specialty Chemicals ............................ 8 8 8
------ ------ ------
Total ....................................... $ 102 $ 110 $ 113
====== ====== ======
Capital expenditures
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products .......... $ 61 $ 82 $ 96
Acetyls ........................................ 1 6 7
Specialty Chemicals ............................ 9 3 7
Other .......................................... -- 6 --
------ ------ ------
Total ....................................... $ 71 $ 97 $ 110
====== ====== ======
Identifiable assets
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products .......... $1,407 $1,387
Acetyls ........................................ 290 564
Specialty Chemicals ............................ 99 96
Other (1) ...................................... 671 943
------ ------
Total ....................................... $2,467 $2,990
====== ======
----------
(1) Other assets consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, the Company's
interest in Equistar and other assets.
December 31,
------------
2002 2001
---- ----
Goodwill
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products ............... $ 58 $ 58
Acetyls ............................................. 48 323
---- ----
Total ............................................ $106 $381
==== ====
89
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 16 -- Operations by Business Segment and Geographic Area - Continued
The following is a summary of the Company's operations by geographic
region:
2002 2001 2000
------ ------ ------
Net sales
United States ................................. $ 923 $ 983 $1,077
------ ------ ------
Non-United States
United Kingdom ............................. 404 364 428
France ..................................... 183 179 205
Asia/Pacific ............................... 178 160 183
Brazil ..................................... 103 113 148
------ ------ ------
868 816 964
------ ------ ------
Inter-area elimination ........................ (237) (209) (248)
------ ------ ------
Total ...................................... $1,554 $1,590 $1,793
====== ====== ======
Operating income (loss)
United States ................................. $ 19 $ (25) $ 144
------ ------ ------
Non-United States
United Kingdom ............................. 5 (7) 10
France ..................................... (11) (8) 15
Asia/Pacific ............................... 54 51 55
Brazil ..................................... 23 30 21
------ ------ ------
71 66 101
------ ------ ------
Inter-area elimination ........................ 3 (2) (28)
------ ------ ------
Total ...................................... $ 93 $ 39 $ 217
====== ====== ======
Identifiable assets
United States ................................. $1,597 $2,154
------ ------
Non-United States
United Kingdom ............................. 346 363
France ..................................... 260 216
Asia/Pacific ............................... 137 114
Brazil ..................................... 116 134
All Other .................................. 11 9
------ ------
870 836
------ ------
Total ...................................... $2,467 $2,990
====== ======
90
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 17 -- Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited)
1st Qtr. 2nd Qtr. 3rd Qtr. 4th Qtr.
-------- -------- -------- --------
2002
----
Net sales............................................... $ 351 $ 405 $ 411 $ 387
Operating income........................................ 10 24(1) 33 26(2)
Net (loss) income before cumulative effect of
accounting change.................................... (32) 2(1) 6 45(3)
Cumulative effect of accounting change.................. (305) -- -- --
------ ------ ------ -----
Net (loss) income after cumulative effect of accounting
change............................................... (337) 2(1) 6 45(3)
====== ====== ====== =====
Basic (loss) earnings per share before cumulative
effect of accounting change.......................... (0.50) 0.02(1) 0.10 0.71(3)
Cumulative effect of accounting change.................. (4.80) -- -- --
------ ------ ------ -----
Basic (loss) earnings per share after cumulative effect
of accounting change................................. (5.30) 0.02(1) 0.10 0.71(3)
====== ====== ====== =====
Diluted (loss) earnings per share before cumulative
effect of accounting change.......................... (0.50) 0.02(1) 0.10 0.70(3)
Cumulative effect of accounting change.................. (4.77) -- -- --
------ ------ ------ -----
Diluted (loss) earnings per share after cumulative
effect of accounting change.......................... (5.27) 0.02(1) 0.10 0.70(3)
====== ====== ====== =====
2001
----
Net sales............................................... $ 444 $ 419 $ 393 $ 334
Operating income (loss)................................. 25 (4) (2)(6) 19 (3)
Net (loss) income....................................... (16)(5) (23)(6) (14) 6(7)
Basic (loss) earnings per share......................... (0.24)(5) (0.37)(6) (0.24) 0.10(7)
Diluted (loss) earnings per share....................... (0.24)(5) (0.37)(6) (0.24) 0.10(7)
----------
(1) Includes a benefit of $5 ($3 after-tax or $0.05 per share) from a reduction
of reserves due to favorable resolution of environmental claims related to
predecessor businesses reserved for in prior years.
(2) Includes a benefit of $1 from a reduction of reserves due to favorable
resolution of environmental claims related to predecessor businesses
reserved for in prior years.
(3) Includes a benefit of $1 after-tax or $0.01 per share from a reduction of
reserves due to favorable resolution of environmental claims related to
predecessor businesses reserved for in prior years and a benefit of $58 or
$0.91 per share from a reduction in the Company's income tax accruals due
to favorable developments related to matters reserved for in prior years.
(4) Includes $5 in reorganization and plant closure charges.
(5) Includes $4 after-tax or $0.07 per share in reorganization and plant
closure charges, and an additional $4 or $0.07 per share representing the
Company's after-tax share of costs related to the shutdown of Equistar's
Port Arthur, Texas plant.
(6) Includes $31 ($20 after-tax or $0.31 per share) in reorganization and plant
closure charges.
(7) Includes a benefit of $42 or $0.66 per share from a reduction in the
Company's income tax accruals due to favorable developments related to
matters reserved for in prior years.
91
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 18 - Supplemental Financial Information
Millennium America, a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of the Company, is a
holding company for all of the Company's operating subsidiaries other than its
operations in the United Kingdom, France, Brazil and Australia. Millennium
America is the issuer of the 7% Senior Notes, the 7.625% Senior Debentures, and
the 9.25% Senior Notes, and is the principal borrower under the Credit
Agreement. Millennium America guarantees all obligations under the Credit
Agreement. The 7% Senior Notes, the 7.625% Senior Debentures and the 9.25%
Senior Notes, as well as outstanding amounts under the Credit Agreement, are
guaranteed by the Company. Accordingly, the following Condensed Consolidating
Balance Sheets at December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the Condensed Consolidating
Statements of Operations and Cash Flows for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 2002, are provided for the Company as supplemental
financial information to the Company's consolidated financial statements to
disclose the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of (i) the
Company, (ii) Millennium America, and (iii) all subsidiaries of the Company
other than Millennium America (the "Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries"). The investment
in subsidiaries of Millennium America and the Company are accounted for by the
equity method; accordingly, the shareholders' equity of Millennium America and
the Company are presented as if each of those companies and their respective
subsidiaries were reported on a consolidated basis.
92
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 18 - Supplemental Financial Information - Continued
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 31, 2002 and 2001
Millennium Millennium Millennium
America Chemicals Chemicals Inc.
Inc. Inc. Non-Guarantor and
(Issuer) (Guarantor) Subsidiaries Eliminations Subsidiaries
---------- ----------- ------------- ------------ --------------
2002
ASSETS
Inventories ............................ $ -- $ -- $ 406 $ -- $ 406
Other current assets ................... 10 -- 403 -- 413
Property, plant and equipment, net ..... -- -- 862 -- 862
Investment in Equistar ................. -- -- 563 -- 563
Investment in subsidiaries ............. 764 569 -- (1,333) --
Other assets ........................... 15 -- 102 -- 117
Goodwill ............................... -- -- 106 -- 106
Due from parent and
affiliates .......................... 638 -- -- (638) --
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
Total assets ........................ $1,427 $569 $2,442 $(1,971) $2,467
====== ====== ====== ======= ======
LIABILITIES AND
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current maturities of long-term debt ... $ 3 $ -- $ 9 $ -- $ 12
Other current liabilities .............. 8 -- 442 -- 450
Long-term debt ......................... 1,196 -- 16 -- 1,212
Other liabilities ...................... -- -- 335 -- 335
Due to parent and affiliates ........... -- 130 508 (638) --
------ ---- ------ ------- ------
Total liabilities ................... 1,207 130 1,310 (638) 2,009
Minority interest ...................... -- -- 19 -- 19
Shareholders' equity ................... 220 439 1,113 (1,333) 439
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
Total liabilities and
shareholders' equity ............. $1,427 $569 $2,442 $(1,971) $2,467
====== ====== ====== ======= ======
2001
ASSETS
Inventories ............................ $ -- $ -- $ 399 $ -- $ 399
Other current assets ................... 6 -- 384 -- 390
Property, plant and equipment, net ..... -- -- 880 -- 880
Investment in Equistar ................. -- -- 677 -- 677
Investment in subsidiaries ............. 1,064 987 -- (2,051) --
Other assets ........................... 13 -- 250 -- 263
Goodwill ............................... -- -- 381 -- 381
Due from parent and affiliates ......... 590 -- -- (590) --
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
Total assets ........................ $1,673 $987 $2,971 $(2,641) $2,990
====== ====== ====== ======= ======
LIABILITIES AND
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current maturities of long-term debt ... $ 3 $ -- $ 8 $ -- $ 11
Other current liabilities .............. 8 -- 364 -- 372
Long-term debt ......................... 1,156 -- 16 -- 1,172
Other liabilities ...................... -- 1 516 -- 517
Due to parent and affiliates ........... -- 89 501 (590) --
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
Total liabilities ................... 1,167 90 1,405 (590) 2,072
Minority interest ...................... -- -- 21 -- 21
Shareholders' equity ................... 506 897 1,545 (2,051) 897
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
Total liabilities and
shareholders' equity ............. $1,673 $987 $2,971 $(2,641) $2,990
====== ====== ====== ======= ======
93
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 18 - Supplemental Financial Information - Continued
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
Millennium Millennium Millennium
America Inc. Chemicals Inc. Non-Guarantor Chemicals Inc.
(Issuer) (Guarantor) Subsidiaries Eliminations and Subsidiaries
------------ -------------- ------------- ------------ ----------------
2002
Net sales ....................... $ -- $ -- $1,554 $ -- $1,554
Cost of products sold ........... -- -- 1,233 -- 1,233
Depreciation and amortization.... -- -- 102 -- 102
Selling, development and
administrative expense ....... 1 1 124 -- 126
----- ----- ------ ----- ------
Operating (loss) income ...... (1) (1) 95 -- 93
Interest expense, net ........... (86) -- -- -- (86)
Intercompany interest income
(expense) .................... 103 (5) (98) -- --
Equity in loss of Equistar ...... -- -- (80) -- (80)
Equity in loss of subsidiaries .. (398) (279) -- 677 --
Other expense ................... -- -- (7) -- (7)
(Provision) benefit for
income taxes ................. (6) 1 106 -- 101
Cumulative effect of
accounting change ............ -- -- (305) -- (305)
----- ----- ------ ----- ------
Net loss ..................... $(388) $(284) $ (289) $ 677 $ (284)
===== ===== ====== ===== ======
2001
Net sales ....................... $ -- $ -- $1,590 $ -- $1,590
Cost of products sold ........... -- -- 1,259 -- 1,259
Depreciation and amortization ... -- -- 110 -- 110
Selling, development and
administrative expense ....... -- -- 146 -- 146
Reorganization and plant
closure ....................... -- -- 36 -- 36
----- ----- ------ ----- ------
Operating income ............. -- -- 39 -- 39
Interest expense, net ........... (81) -- (1) -- (82)
Intercompany interest income
(expense) .................... 108 (4) (104) -- --
Equity in loss of Equistar ...... -- -- (90) -- (90)
Equity in loss of subsidiaries... (66) (44) -- 110 --
Other expense ................... (2) (1) -- -- (3)
(Provision) benefit for
income taxes ................. (9) 2 96 -- 89
----- ----- ------ ----- ------
Net loss ..................... $ (50) $ (47) $ (60) $ 110 $ (47)
===== ===== ====== ===== ======
2000
Net sales ....................... $ -- $ -- $1,793 $ -- $1,793
Cost of products sold ........... -- -- 1,263 -- 1,263
Depreciation and amortization ... -- -- 113 -- 113
Selling, development and
administrative expense ....... -- -- 200 -- 200
----- ----- ------ ----- ------
Operating income ............. -- -- 217 -- 217
Interest expense, net ........... (76) -- (1) -- (77)
Intercompany interest income
(expense) .................... 109 (4) (105) -- --
Equity in loss of Equistar ...... -- -- 39 -- 39
Equity in earnings of
subsidiaries ................. 61 127 -- (188) --
Other income .................... -- -- 7 -- 7
(Provision) benefit for
income taxes ................. (12) 1 (51) -- (62)
----- ----- ------ ----- ------
Net income ................... $ 82 $ 124 $ 106 $(188) $ 124
===== ===== ====== ===== ======
94
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 18 - Supplemental Financial Information - Continued
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
Millennium Millennium
America Chemicals Millennium
Inc. Inc. Non-Guarantor Chemicals Inc.
(Issuer) (Guarantor) Subsidiaries Eliminations and Subsidiaries
------------ ------------- --------------- -------------- ------------------
2002
Cash flows from operating activities........ $ 18 $ (6) $ 72 $-- $ 84
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures .................... -- -- (71) -- (71)
Proceeds from sales of property, plant
& equipment........................... -- -- 1 -- 1
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash used in investing activities.. -- -- (70) -- (70)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Dividends to shareholders................ -- (35) -- -- (35)
Proceeds from long-term debt............. 290 -- 12 -- 302
Repayment of long-term debt ............. (264) -- (8) -- (272)
Intercompany............................. (43) 41 2 -- --
Increase in notes payable................ -- -- 3 -- 3
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash (used in) provided by financing
activities............................... (17) 6 9 -- (2)
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash..... -- -- (1) -- (1)
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Increase in cash and cash equivalents....... 1 -- 10 -- 11
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning
of year.................................. 5 -- 109 -- 114
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year.... $ 6 $ -- $119 $-- $ 125
===== ===== ===== ===== =====
2001
Cash flows from operating activities........ $ 7 $ (5) $110 $-- $ 112
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures..................... -- -- (97) -- (97)
Proceeds from sales of property, plant
& equipment........................... -- -- 19 -- 19
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash used in investing activities..... -- -- (78) -- (78)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Dividends to shareholders................ -- (35) -- -- (35)
Proceeds from long-term debt............. 741 -- 42 -- 783
Repayment of long-term debt.............. (675) -- (61) -- (736)
Intercompany............................. (51) 40 11 -- --
Decrease in notes payable................ (17) -- (17) -- (34)
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash (used in) provided by financing
activities............................... (2) 5 (25) -- (22)
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash..... -- -- (5) -- (5)
----- ---- ---- --- -----
Increase in cash and cash equivalents....... 5 -- 2 -- 7
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning
of year.................................. -- -- 107 -- 107
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year.... $ 5 $ -- $109 $-- $ 114
===== ===== ===== ===== =====
95
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- Continued
(Dollars in millions, except share data)
Note 18 - Supplemental Financial Information - Continued
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - Continued
For the Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
Millennium Millennium
America Chemicals Millennium
Inc. Inc. Non-Guarantor Chemicals Inc.
(Issuer) (Guarantor) Subsidiaries Eliminations and Subsidiaries
------------ ------------- --------------- -------------- ------------------
2000
Cash flows from operating activities........ $ 21 $ (3) $ 2 $-- $ 20
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures..................... -- -- (110) -- (110)
Distributions from Equistar.............. -- -- 83 -- 83
Proceeds from sales of property,
plant & equipment..................... -- -- 4 -- 4
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash used in investing activities........... -- -- (23) -- (23)
Cash flows from financing activities
Dividends to shareholders................ -- (35) -- -- (35)
Repurchase of common stock............... -- -- (65) -- (65)
Proceeds from long-term debt............. 275 -- 36 -- 311
Repayment of long-term debt.............. (165) -- (22) -- (187)
Intercompany............................. (114) 38 76 -- --
Decrease in notes payable................ (17) -- -- -- (17)
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash (used in) provided by financing
activities............................... (21) 3 25 -- 7
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash..... -- -- (7) -- (7)
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents....... -- -- (3) -- (3)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning
of year.................................. -- -- 110 -- 110
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year.... $ -- $ -- $ 107 $-- $ 107
===== ===== ===== ===== =====
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure
None.
96
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant
The information included under the captions "Business to be Acted Upon by
the Shareholders - Nominees for Election as Directors" and "- Directors
Continuing in Office" in the Proxy Statement, "Executive Officers" in Item 1 of
this Annual Report and "Corporate Governance - Committees of the Board of
Directors - Audit Committee" in the Proxy Statement are incorporated herein by
reference.
In addition, the following is a description of the two Directors of the
Company who will be retiring at the Company's 2003 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders, to be held on May 23, 2003:
Mr. Martin G. Taylor, 68, has served as a Director of the Company since the
Demerger. He was an executive of Hanson from 1969 until his retirement in 1995,
a Director of Hanson between 1976 and 1995 and Vice Chairman of Hanson between
1988 and 1995. Mr. Taylor served as an executive of Dow Chemical Company (U.K.)
from 1963 to 1969, a Director of UGI Plc from 1979 to 1982, a Director of The
Securities Association LTD from 1987 to 1990, a Director of National Westminster
Bank Plc from 1990 to 2000, a Director of Vickers Plc from 1986 to 1999 and a
Director of Charter Plc from 1995 to 2002.
Professor Martin D. Ginsburg, 70, has served as a Director of the Company
since October 8, 1996. He has been Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law
Center since 1980. Professor Ginsburg is of counsel to the law firm of Fried,
Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson (a partnership including professional
corporations), which has provided legal services to the Company from time to
time.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information to be included under the captions "Corporate Governance -
Directors' Remuneration and Attendance at Meetings" and "Executive Compensation"
in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
The information to be included under the caption "Ownership of Common
Stock" in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
The information about certain loans made by the Company to certain of its
executive officers included under the caption "Executive Agreements and Other
Relationships" in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. All
such loans were made prior to the adoption of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002,
and were paid in full with interest on or before February 14, 2003, in
compliance with the rules and regulations of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Item 14. Controls and Procedures
(a) The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed
to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company's
filings under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported within the periods specified in the rules and forms
of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Such information is accumulated
and communicated to the Company's management, including its principal
executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow
timely decisions regarding required disclosure. The Company's management,
including the principal executive officer and the principal financial
officer, recognizes that any set of controls and procedures, no matter how
well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of
achieving the desired control objectives.
Within 90 days prior to the filing date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K,
the Company has carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with
the participation of the Company's management, including the Company's
principal executive officer and the Company's principal financial officer,
of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's
disclosure controls and procedures. Based on such evaluation, the Company's
principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that
the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
97
(b) There have been no significant changes in the Company's internal controls
or in other factors that could significantly affect the internal controls
subsequent to the date of their evaluation in connection with the
preparation of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
98
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedule and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) The Following Documents are Filed as Part of This Report:
1. Supplemental Financial Information.
The Supplemental Financial Information relating to Equistar consists of the
following:
Page of
This Report
-----------
Financial Statements of Equistar:
Report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.............................................. F-1
Consolidated Statements of Income -- Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2001, and
2000........................................................................... F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets -- December 31, 2002 and 2001......................... F-3
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows -- Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2001
and 2000....................................................................... F-4
Consolidated Statements of Partners' Capital -- Years Ended December 31, 2002,
2001 and 2000.................................................................. F-5
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements........................................ F-6 to F-22
2. Financial Statement Schedule.
Financial Statement Schedule II -- Valuation and Qualifying Accounts,
located on page S-1 of this Annual Report, should be read in conjunction
with the Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
Schedules, other than Schedule II, are omitted because of the absence of
the conditions under which they are required or because the information
called for is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements of the
Company or the Notes thereto.
3. Exhibits.
Exhibit
Number Description of Document
------- ------------------------
3.1(a) Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (Filed as
Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form 10 (File No.
1-12091) (the "Form 10"))*
3.1(b) Certificate of Elimination of Series A Junior Preferred Stock of Millennium
Chemicals Inc. **
3.2 By-laws of the Company (as amended on February 4, 2002) (Filed as Exhibit
3.2 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2001 (the "2001 Form 10-K"))*
4.1(a) Form of Indenture, dated as of November 27, 1996, among Millennium America
(formerly named Hanson America Inc.), the Company and The Bank of New York,
as Trustee, in respect of the 7% Senior Notes due November 15, 2006 and the
7.625% Senior Debentures due November 15, 2026 (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the
Registration Statement of the Company and Millennium America on Form S-1
(Registration No. 333-15975) (the "Form S-1"))*
4.1(b) First Supplemental Indenture dated as of November 21, 1997 among Millennium
America, the Company and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (Filed as Exhibit
4.1(b) to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1997 (the "1997 Form 10-K"))*
99
Exhibit
Number Description
------- -----------
4.2 Indenture, dated as of June 18, 2001, among Millennium America as Issuer,
the Company as Guarantor, and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (including
the form of 9 1/4% Senior Notes due 2008 and the Note Guarantee) (filed as
Exhibit 4.1 to the Registration Statement of the Company and Millennium
America (Registration Nos. 333-65650 and 333-65650-1 on Form S-4 (the "Form
S-4"))*
10.1 Form of Post-Demerger Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 30,
1996, between Hanson and MHC Inc. (including related form of
Indemnification Agreement and Tax Sharing and Indemnification Agreement)
(Filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Form 10)*
10.2 Demerger Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1996, between Hanson,
Millennium Overseas Holdings Ltd. (formerly Hanson Overseas Holdings Ltd.)
and the Company (Filed as Exhibit 10.7 to the Form 10)*
10.3 Form of Indemnification Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1996, between
Hanson and the Company (Filed as Exhibit 10.8 to the Form 10)*
10.4 Form of Tax Sharing and Indemnification Agreement, dated as of September
30, 1996, between Hanson, Millennium Overseas Holdings Ltd., Millennium
America Holdings Inc. (formerly HM Anglo American Ltd.), Hanson North
America Inc. and the Company (Filed as Exhibit 10.9(a) to the Form 10)*
10.5(a) Deed of Tax Covenant, dated as of September 30, 1996, between Hanson,
Millennium Overseas Holdings Ltd., Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Limited
(formerly SCM Chemicals Limited), SCMC Holdings B.V. (formerly Hanson SCMC
B.V.), Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Ltd. (formerly SCM Chemicals Ltd.),
and the Company (the "Deed of Tax Covenant") (Filed as Exhibit 10.9(b) to
the Form 10)*
10.5(b) Amendment to the Deed of Tax Covenant dated January 28, 1997 (Filed as
Exhibit 10.9(c) to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 1996 (the "1996 Form 10-K"))*
10.6(a) Credit Agreement, dated June 18, 2001, among Millennium America Inc., as
Borrower, Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Limited, as Borrower, certain
borrowing subsidiaries of Millennium Chemicals Inc., from time to time
party thereto, Millennium Chemicals Inc., as Guarantor, the lenders from
time to time party thereto, Bank of America, N.A., as Syndication Agent and
The Chase Manhattan Bank as Administrative Agent and collateral agent
(filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form S-4)*
10.6(b) First Amendment, dated as of December 14, 2001, to the Credit Agreement
dated as of June 18, 2001, with Bank of America, N.A. and JP Morgan Chase
Bank and the lenders party thereto (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company's
Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 18, 2001)*
10.6(c) Second Amendment, dated as of June 19, 2002, to the Credit Agreement dated
as of June 18, 2001, with the Bank of America, N.A. and JP Morgan Chase
Bank and the lenders party thereto (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2002 (the
"June 30, 2002, Form 10-Q"))*
10.7 Form of Agreement between Millennium America Holdings Inc., (or certain of
its subsidiaries), and each of William M. Landuyt, Robert E. Lee, C.
William Carmean, Timothy E. Dowdle, Marie S. Dreher, Peter P. Hanik, John
E. Lushefski, Myra J. Perkinson, David L. Vercollone and certain other
executives of the Company **'D'
10.8 Form of Agreement between each of the Company's operating subsidiaries and
certain officers of such subsidiaries **'D'
10.9(a) Millennium Chemicals Inc. Annual Performance Incentive Plan (Filed as
Exhibit 10.23 to the Form 10)*'D'
10.9(b) Amendment Number 1 dated January 20, 1997, to the Millennium Chemicals Inc.
Annual Performance Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 10.23(b) to the 1996 Form 10-K)*'D'
100
Exhibit
Number Description
------- -----------
10.9(c) Amendment Number 2 dated January 23, 1998, to the Millennium Chemicals Inc.
Annual Performance Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.23(c) to the 1997
Form 10-K)*'D'
10.9(d) Amendment Number 3 dated January 22, 1999, to the Millennium Chemicals Inc.
Annual Performance Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.20(d) to the 1998
Form 10-K)*'D'
10.9(e) Amendment Number 4 dated as of June 1, 2002, to the Millennium Chemicals
Inc. Annual Performance Incentive Plan **'D'
10.10(a) Millennium Chemicals Inc. Long Term Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit
10.25 to the Form 10)*'D'
10.10(b) Amendment Number 1 to the Millennium Chemicals Inc. Long Term Stock
Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1997)*'D'
10.10(c) Amendment dated July 24, 1997 to the Millennium Chemicals Inc. Long Term
Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.25(c) to the 1997 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.10(d) Amendments dated January 23, 1998 and December 10, 1998, to the Millennium
Chemicals Inc. Long Term Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.23(d) to
the 1998 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.10(e) Amendment dated as of June 1, 2002 to the Millennium Chemicals Inc. Long Term
Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.23(d) to the 1998 Form 10-K) **'D'
10.11(a) Amended and Restated Millennium Chemicals Inc. Supplemental Executive
Retirement Plan **'D'
10.11(b) Millennium Chemicals Inc. 2003 Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan **'D'
10.15 Millennium Chemicals Grandfathered Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan
(Filed as Exhibit 10.15(b) to the 2000 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.16 Millennium Petrochemicals Grandfathered Supplemental Executive Retirement
Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.16 to the 2000 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.17 Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Grandfathered Supplemental Executive
Retirement Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.17 to the 2000 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.18 Millennium Specialty Chemicals Grandfathered Supplemental Executive
Retirement Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.18 to the 2000 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.19(a) Millennium Chemicals Inc. Salary and Bonus Deferral Plan (Filed as Exhibit
10.30 to the 1996 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.19(b) Amendment Number 1 dated January 23, 1998, to the Millennium Chemicals Inc.
Salary and Bonus Deferral Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.30(b) to the 1997 Form
10-K)*'D'
10.19(c) Amendment Number 2 dated January 22, 1999, to the Millennium Chemicals Inc.
Salary and Bonus Deferral Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.28(c) to the 1998 Form
10-K)*'D'
10.19(d) Amendment Number Three dated as of June 1, 2002 to the Millennium Chemicals
Inc. Salary and Bonus Deferral Plan **'D'
10.20(a) Millennium Chemicals Inc. Supplemental Savings and Investment Plan (Filed
as Exhibit 10.29 to the 1998 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.20(b) Amendment dated as of June 1, 2002 to the Millennium Chemicals Inc.
Supplemental Savings and Investment Plan **'D'
10.21(a) Millennium Chemicals Inc. Long Term Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.21
to the 2000 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.21(b) Amendment Number 1 dated as of June 1, 2002 to the Millennium Chemicals Inc.
Long Term Incentive Plan **'D'
10.22(a) Millennium Chemicals Inc. Executive Long Term Incentive Plan (Filed as
Exhibit 10.22 to the 2000 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.22(b) Amendment Number 1 dated as of June 1, 2002 to the Millennium Chemicals
Inc. Executive Long Term Incentive Plan **'D'
10.23(a) Millennium America Holdings Inc. Long Term Incentive Plan and Executive
Long Term Incentive Plan Trust Agreement (Filed as Exhibit 10.23 to the
2000 Form 10-K)*'D'
101
Exhibit
Number Description
------- -----------
10.23(b) Amendment Number 1 dated as of June 1, 2002 to the Millennium America
Holdings Inc. Long Term Incentive Plan and Executive Long Term
Incentive Plan Trust Agreement **'D'
10.24(a) Millennium Chemicals Inc. Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (Filed as
Exhibit 10.24 to the 2000 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.24(b) Form of Stock Option Agreement under Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan
(Filed as Exhibit 10.24(b) to the 2001 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.24(c) Amendment dated as of June 1, 2002 to Millennium Chemicals Inc.
2001 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan **'D'
10.25(a) Master Transaction Agreement between the Company and Lyondell (Filed as an
Exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 25, 1997)*
10.25(b) First Amendment to Master Transaction Agreement between Lyondell and the
Company (Filed as an Exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K
dated October 17, 1997)*
10.26 Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Equistar Chemicals,
LP dated as of November 6, 2002 (Filed as Exhibit 10.26 to the Company's
Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 25, 2002 (the "November 26, 2002
Form 8-K"))*
10.27(a) Asset Contribution Agreement (the "Millennium Asset Contribution
Agreement") among Millennium Petrochemicals, Millennium Petrochemicals LP
LLC and Equistar (Filed as an Exhibit to the Company's Current Report on
Form 8-K dated December 10, 1997)*
10.27(b) First Amendment to the Millennium Asset Contribution Agreement dated as of
May 15, 1998 (Filed as Exhibit 10.23(b) to the 1999 Form 10-K)*
10.27(c) Second Amendment to the Asset Contribution Agreement among Millennium
Chemicals Inc., Millennium Petrochemicals LP LLC, and Equistar Chemicals,
LP*
10.28 First Amendment to Lyondell Asset Contribution Agreement dated as of May
15, 1998 (Filed as Exhibit 10.24(b) to the 1999 Form 10-K)*
10.29(a) Amended and Restated Parent Agreement among Lyondell, the Company and
Equistar, dated as of November 6, 2002, (Filed as Exhibit 10.29 to the
November 26, 2002 8-K)*
11.1 Statement re: computation of per share earnings **
18.1 Change in Accounting Principle **
21.1 Subsidiaries of the Company **
23.1 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP**
23.2 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP **
99.1 Information relevant to forward-looking statements**
99.2 Form of Letter Agreement, dated July 3, 1996, between Hanson and United
Kingdom Inland Revenue (Filed as Exhibit 99.2 to the Form 10)*
In addition, the Company hereby agrees to furnish to the SEC, upon request, a
copy of any instrument not listed above that defines the rights of the holders
of long-term debt of the Company and its subsidiaries.
----------
* Incorporated by reference
** Filed herewith
'D' Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be
filed pursuant to Item 14(c).
(b) Reports on Form 8-K.
Current Reports on Form 8-K dated October 30, 2002, November 14, 2002, November
26, 2002, December 3, 2002, December 16, 2002, December 19, 2002, January 9,
2003, January 27, 2003, January 31, 2003 and March 19, 2003, were filed during
the quarter ended December 31, 2002 and through the date hereof.
102
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
By: /s/ William M. Landuyt
-------------------------------------------
William M. Landuyt
Chairman of the Board, President and
Chief Executive Officer
March 25, 2003
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
Annual Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
registrant and in the capacities indicated, and on the date set forth above.
Signature Title
--------- -----
/s/ William M. Landuyt
------------------------- Chairman of the Board, President, Chief Executive Officer
(William M. Landuyt) and Director (principal executive officer)
/s/ Robert E. Lee
------------------------- Executive Vice President -- Growth and Development and
(Robert E. Lee) Director
/s/ John E. Lushefski
------------------------- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(John E. Lushefski) (principal accounting officer and principal financial
officer)
/s/ Lord Baker
------------------------- Director
(Lord Baker)
/s/ Mary K. Bush
------------------------- Director
(Mary K. Bush)
/s/ Worley H. Clark, Jr.
------------------------- Director
(Worley H. Clark, Jr.)
/s/ Irvin F. Diamond
------------------------- Director
(Irvin F. Diamond)
/s/ Martin D. Ginsburg
------------------------- Director
(Martin D. Ginsburg)
/s/ Lord Glenarthur
------------------------- Director
(Lord Glenarthur)
/s/ David J. P. Meachin
------------------------- Director
(David J. P. Meachin)
/s/ Martin G. Taylor
------------------------- Director
(Martin G. Taylor)
/s/ Daniel S. Van Riper
------------------------- Director
(Daniel S. Van Riper)
103
CERTIFICATIONS
I, William M. Landuyt, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of
Millennium Chemicals Inc., certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Millennium
Chemicals Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances
under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to
the period covered by this annual report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial
information included in this annual report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and
cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in
this annual report;
4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for
establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant
and have:
a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure
that material information relating to the registrant,
including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us
by others within those entities, particularly during the
period in which this annual report is being prepared;
b) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure
controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to
the filing date of this annual report (the "Evaluation
Date"); and
c) presented in this annual report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures
based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;
5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based
on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant's auditors and the
audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):
a) all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of
internal controls which could adversely affect the
registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and
report financial data and have identified for the
registrant's auditors any material weaknesses in internal
controls; and
b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management
or other employees who have a significant role in the
registrant's internal controls; and
6. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have indicated in this
annual report whether there were significant changes in internal
controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal
controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation,
including any corrective actions with regard to significant
deficiencies and material weaknesses.
Date: March 25, 2003
/s/ William M. Landuyt
-----------------------------------------------
William M. Landuyt
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
104
I, John E. Lushefski, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of
Millennium Chemicals Inc., certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Millennium
Chemicals Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances
under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to
the period covered by this annual report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial
information included in this annual report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and
cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in
this annual report;
4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for
establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant
and have:
a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure
that material information relating to the registrant,
including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us
by others within those entities, particularly during the
period in which this annual report is being prepared;
b) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure
controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to
the filing date of this annual report (the "Evaluation
Date"); and
c) presented in this annual report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures
based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;
5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based
on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant's auditors and the
audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):
a) all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of
internal controls which could adversely affect the
registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and
report financial data and have identified for the
registrant's auditors any material weaknesses in internal
controls; and
b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management
or other employees who have a significant role in the
registrant's internal controls; and
6. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have indicated in this
annual report whether there were significant changes in internal
controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal
controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation,
including any corrective actions with regard to significant
deficiencies and material weaknesses.
Date: March 25, 2003
/s/ John E. Lushefski
--------------------------------------------------
John E. Lushefski
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
105
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Partnership Governance Committee
of Equistar Chemicals, LP
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related
consolidated statements of income, of partners' capital and of cash flows
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Equistar
Chemicals, LP (the "Partnership") and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2002 and
2001, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 2002 in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial
statements are the responsibility of the Partnership's management; our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with
auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America, which
require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit
includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles
used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, effective
January 1, 2002, the Partnership adopted Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 142, "Accounting for Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets".
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP
Houston, Texas
March 10, 2003
F-1
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
For the year ended December 31,
-------------------------------
Millions of dollars 2002 2001 2000
------------------- ------- ------ ------
Sales and other operating revenues:
Unrelated parties $ 4,295 $4,583 $5,770
Related parties 1,242 1,326 1,725
------- ------ ------
5,537 5,909 7,495
------- ------ ------
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of sales 5,388 5,755 6,908
Selling, general and administrative expenses 155 181 182
Research and development expense 38 39 38
Amortization of goodwill -- 33 33
------- ------ ------
5,581 6,008 7,161
------- ------ ------
Operating income (loss) (44) (99) 334
Interest expense (205) (192) (185)
Interest income 1 3 4
Other income, net 2 8 --
------- ------ ------
Income (loss) before extraordinary item and
cumulative effect of accounting change (246) (280) 153
Extraordinary loss on extinguishment of debt -- (3) --
Cumulative effect of accounting change (1,053) -- --
------- ------ ------
Net income (loss) $(1,299) $ (283) $ 153
======= ====== ======
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-2
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31,
---------------
Millions of dollars 2002 2001
------------------- ------ ------
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 27 $ 202
Accounts receivable:
Trade, net 490 470
Related parties 135 100
Inventories 424 448
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 50 36
------ ------
Total current assets 1,126 1,256
Property, plant and equipment, net 3,565 3,705
Investment in PD Glycol 46 47
Goodwill, net -- 1,053
Other assets, net 315 277
------ ------
Total assets $5,052 $6,338
====== ======
LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS' CAPITAL
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable:
Trade $ 421 $ 331
Related parties 38 29
Current maturities of long-term debt 32 104
Accrued liabilities 223 227
------ ------
Total current liabilities 714 691
Long-term debt 2,196 2,233
Other liabilities 221 177
Commitments and contingencies
Partners' capital:
Partners' accounts 1,958 3,257
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (37) (20)
------ ------
Total partners' capital 1,921 3,237
------ ------
Total liabilities and partners' capital $5,052 $6,338
====== ======
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-3
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the year ended December 31,
-------------------------------
Millions of dollars 2002 2001 2000
------------------- ------- ------- -------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss) $(1,299) $ (283) $ 153
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to
net cash provided by operating activities:
Cumulative effect of accounting change 1,053 -- --
Depreciation and amortization 298 319 308
Net (gain) loss on disposition of assets -- (3) 5
Extraordinary item -- 3 --
Changes in assets and liabilities that provided (used) cash:
Accounts receivable (54) 222 (50)
Inventories 24 61 14
Accounts payable 99 (129) 28
Other assets and liabilities, net (66) 40 (119)
------- ------- -------
Net cash provided by operating activities 55 230 339
------- ------- -------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Expenditures for property, plant and equipment (118) (110) (131)
Other (6) 3 4
------- ------- -------
Net cash used in investing activities (124) (107) (127)
------- ------- -------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Issuance of long-term debt -- 981 --
Repayment of long-term debt (104) (91) (42)
Net borrowing (repayment) under lines of credit -- (820) 20
Distributions to partners -- -- (280)
Other (2) (9) --
------- ------- -------
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (106) 61 (302)
------- ------- -------
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (175) 184 (90)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 202 18 108
------- ------- -------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 27 $ 202 $ 18
======= ======= =======
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-4
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PARTNERS' CAPITAL
Accumulated
Partners' Accounts Other
-------------------------------------------- Comprehensive Comprehensive
Millions of dollars Lyondell Millennium Occidental Total Income (Loss) Income (Loss)
------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- ------- ------------- -------------
Balance at January 1, 2000 $ 522 $ 1,555 $ 1,585 $ 3,662 $ --
Net income 63 45 45 153 -- $ 153
Distributions to partners (114) (83) (83) (280) -- --
Other 5 -- -- 5 -- --
------ ------- ------- ------- ---- -------
Comprehensive income $ 153
=======
Balance at December 31, 2000 $ 476 $ 1,517 $ 1,547 $ 3,540 $ --
Net loss (115) (84) (84) (283) -- $ (283)
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized loss on securities -- -- -- -- (1) (1)
Minimum pension liability -- -- -- -- (19) (19)
------ ------- ------- ------- ---- -------
Comprehensive loss $ (303)
=======
Balance at December 31, 2001 $ 361 $ 1,433 $ 1,463 $ 3,257 $(20)
Net loss (569) (383) (347) (1,299) -- $(1,299)
Lyondell purchase of
Occidental interest 1,116 -- (1,116) -- --
Other comprehensive income:
Minimum pension liability -- -- -- -- (17) (17)
------ ------- ------- ------- ---- -------
Comprehensive loss $(1,316)
=======
Balance at December 31, 2002 $ 908 $ 1,050 $ -- $ 1,958 $(37)
====== ======= ======= ======= ====
See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-5
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Formation of the Partnership and Operations
Lyondell Chemical Company ("Lyondell") and Millennium Chemicals Inc.
("Millennium") formed Equistar Chemicals, LP ("Equistar" or "the Partnership"),
a Delaware limited partnership, which commenced operations on December 1, 1997.
On May 15, 1998, Equistar was expanded with the contribution of certain assets
from Occidental Petroleum Corporation ("Occidental"). Prior to August 2002,
Lyondell owned 41% of Equistar and Millennium and Occidental each owned 29.5%.
On August 22, 2002, Lyondell completed the purchase of Occidental's interest in
Equistar and, as a result, Lyondell's ownership interest in Equistar increased
to 70.5%.
Equistar owns and operates the petrochemicals and polymers businesses
contributed by Lyondell, Millennium and Occidental. The petrochemicals segment
manufactures and markets olefins, oxygenated products, aromatics and specialty
products. Olefins include ethylene, propylene and butadiene, and oxygenated
products include ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol, ethanol and methyl tertiary
butyl ether ("MTBE"). The petrochemicals segment also includes the production
and sale of aromatics, including benzene and toluene. The polymers segment
manufactures and markets polyolefins, including high-density polyethylene
("HDPE"), low-density polyethylene ("LDPE"), linear low-density polyethylene
("LLDPE"), polypropylene, and performance polymers, all of which are used in the
production of a wide variety of consumer and industrial products. The
performance polymers include enhanced grades of polyethylene, including wire and
cable insulating resins, and polymeric powders.
Equistar is governed by a Partnership Governance Committee consisting of six
representatives, three appointed by each general partner. Most of the
significant decisions of the Partnership Governance Committee require unanimous
consent, including approval of the Partnership's strategic plan, capital
expenditures and annual budget, issuance of additional debt and the appointment
of executive management of the partnership. Distributions are made to the
partners based upon their percentage ownership of Equistar. Additional cash
contributions required by the Partnership are also based upon the partners'
percentage ownership of Equistar.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation--The consolidated financial statements include the
accounts of Equistar and its wholly owned subsidiaries.
Revenue Recognition--Revenue from product sales is recognized as risk and title
to the product transfer to the customer, which usually occurs when shipment is
made.
Cash and Cash Equivalents--Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid debt
instruments such as certificates of deposit, commercial paper and money market
accounts purchased with an original maturity date of three months or less. Cash
equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. Equistar's policy
is to invest cash in conservative, highly rated instruments and limit the amount
of credit exposure to any one institution.
Equistar has no requirements for compensating balances in a specific amount at a
specific point in time. The Partnership does maintain compensating balances for
some of its banking services and products. Such balances are maintained on an
average basis and are solely at Equistar's discretion. As a result, none of
Equistar's cash is restricted.
Inventories--Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is
determined using the last-in, first-out ("LIFO") basis, except for materials and
supplies, which are valued using the average cost method.
F-6
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
Inventory exchange transactions, which involve fungible commodities and do not
involve the payment or receipt of cash, are not accounted for as purchases and
sales. Any resulting volumetric exchange balances are accounted for as inventory
in accordance with the normal LIFO valuation policy.
Property, Plant and Equipment--Property, plant and equipment are recorded at
cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated
useful asset lives, generally 25 years for major manufacturing equipment, 30
years for buildings, 10 to 15 years for light equipment and instrumentation, 15
years for office furniture and 3 to 5 years for information systems equipment.
Upon retirement or sale, Equistar removes the cost of the assets and the related
accumulated depreciation from the accounts and reflects any resulting gains or
losses in the Consolidated Statement of Income. Equistar's policy is to
capitalize interest cost incurred on debt during the construction of major
projects exceeding one year.
Long-Lived Asset Impairment--Equistar evaluates long-lived assets, including
identifiable intangible assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be
recoverable. When it is probable that undiscounted future cash flows will not be
sufficient to recover an asset's carrying amount, the asset is written down to
its estimated fair value. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at
the lower of carrying amount or estimated fair value less costs to sell the
assets.
Investment in PD Glycol--Equistar holds a 50% interest in a joint venture that
owns an ethylene glycol facility in Beaumont, Texas ("PD Glycol"). The
investment in PD Glycol is accounted for using the equity method of accounting.
Turnaround Maintenance and Repair Costs--Costs of maintenance and repairs
exceeding $5 million incurred in connection with turnarounds of major units at
Equistar's manufacturing facilities are deferred and amortized using the
straight-line method over the period until the next planned turnaround,
generally four to six years. These costs are maintenance, repair and replacement
costs that are necessary to maintain, extend and improve the operating capacity
and efficiency rates of the production units.
Deferred Software Costs--Costs to purchase and to develop software for internal
use are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over periods of 3 to 10
years.
Environmental Remediation Costs--Anticipated expenditures related to
investigation and remediation of contaminated sites, which include operating
facilities and waste disposal sites, are accrued when it is probable a liability
has been incurred and the amount of the liability can reasonably be estimated.
Estimated expenditures have not been discounted to present value.
Income Taxes--The Partnership is not subject to federal income taxes as income
is reportable directly by the individual partners; therefore, there is no
provision for income taxes in the accompanying financial statements.
Use of Estimates--The preparation of financial statements in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting
period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Accounting Changes--Effective January 1, 2002, Equistar implemented Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 141, Business Combinations, SFAS No.
142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, and SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. Implementation of SFAS No. 141 and
SFAS No. 144 did not have a material effect on the consolidated financial
statements of Equistar.
Upon implementation of SFAS No. 142, Equistar reviewed goodwill for impairment
and concluded that the entire balance of goodwill was impaired, resulting in a
$1.1 billion charge to earnings that was reported as the cumulative effect of an
accounting change as of January 1, 2002. The conclusion was based on a
comparison to Equistar's
F-7
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
indicated fair value, using multiples of EBITDA (earnings before interest,
taxes, depreciation and amortization) for comparable companies as an indicator
of fair value.
As a result of implementing SFAS No. 142, income in 2002 and subsequent years is
favorably affected by $33 million annually because of the elimination of
goodwill amortization. The following table presents Equistar's results of
operations for all periods presented as adjusted to eliminate goodwill
amortization.
For the year ended December 31,
-------------------------------
Millions of dollars 2002 2001 2000
------------------- ------- ------- -------
Reported income (loss) before extraordinary item
and cumulative effect of accounting change $ (246) $ (280) $ 153
Add back: goodwill amortization -- 33 33
------- ------- -------
Adjusted income (loss) before extraordinary item
and cumulative effect of accounting change $ (246) $ (247) $ 186
======= ======= =======
Reported net income (loss) $(1,299) $ (283) $ 153
Add back: goodwill amortization -- 33 33
------- ------- -------
Adjusted net income (loss) $(1,299) $ (250) $ 186
======= ======= =======
Anticipated Accounting Changes--Equistar expects to implement two significant
accounting changes in 2003, as discussed below.
In April 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 145, Rescission of FASB Statements No.
4, 44, and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical Corrections.
The primary impact of the statement on Equistar, when implemented in 2003, will
be the classification of gains or losses that result from the early
extinguishment of debt as an element of income before extraordinary items.
Reclassification of prior period gains or losses that were originally reported
as extraordinary items also will be required. See Note 4.
In January 2003, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 46 (FIN No. 46),
Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities. FIN No. 46 addresses situations in
which a company should include in its financial statements the assets,
liabilities and activities of another entity. FIN No. 46 applies immediately to
entities created after January 31, 2003 and, for Equistar, will apply to
existing entities beginning in the third quarter 2003. Equistar expects the
application of FIN 46 to result in the consolidation of the entity from which it
leases certain railcars. See Note 11. The consolidation of this entity as of
December 31, 2002 would have resulted in a net increase in property, plant and
equipment of $116 million, a decrease in prepaid expense of approximately $13
million, a $103 million increase in debt and an immaterial charge to be reported
as the cumulative effect of an accounting change.
Other Recent Accounting Pronouncements-- In June 2001, the Financial Accounting
Standards Board ("FASB") issued SFAS No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement
Obligations, which addresses obligations associated with the retirement of
tangible long-lived assets. In July 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 146,
Accounting for Exit or Disposal Activities. SFAS No. 146 addresses the
recognition, measurement and reporting of costs associated with exit and
disposal activities, including restructuring activities and facility closings.
SFAS No. 146 will be effective for activities initiated after December 31, 2002.
Equistar does not expect adoption of SFAS No. 143 or SFAS No. 146 to have a
material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In November 2002, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 45 (FIN No. 45),
Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure Requirements. FIN No. 45 expands required
disclosures for certain types of guarantees for the period ended December 31,
2002 and requires recognition of a liability at fair value for guarantees
granted after December 31, 2002. Equistar has provided the required disclosure
with respect to guarantees in Notes 11 and 12.
Reclassifications--Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to
conform to classifications adopted in 2002.
F-8
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
3. Facility Closing Costs
Equistar shut down its Port Arthur, Texas polyethylene facility in February
2001. The asset values of the Port Arthur production units were previously
adjusted as part of a $96 million restructuring charge recognized in 1999.
During the first quarter 2001, Equistar recorded an additional $22 million
charge, which is included in cost of sales. The charge included environmental
remediation liabilities of $7 million, severance benefits of $5 million, pension
benefits of $2 million, and other exit costs of $3 million. The severance and
pension benefits covered approximately 125 people employed at the Port Arthur
facility. The remaining $5 million of the charge related primarily to the write
down of certain assets. Payments of $5 million for severance, $3 million for
exit costs and $5 million for environmental remediation were made through
December 31, 2002. The pension benefits of $2 million will be paid from the
assets of the pension plans. As of December 31, 2002, the remaining liability
included $2 million for environmental remediation costs. See Note 14.
4. Extraordinary Item
As part of a 2001 refinancing related to the early repayment of a $1.25 billion
credit facility (see Note 10), Equistar wrote off unamortized debt issuance
costs and amendment fees of $3 million and reported the charge as an
extraordinary loss on extinguishment of debt.
In 2003, this amount will be reclassified and no longer reported as an
extraordinary item. See also Notes 2 and 10.
5. Related Party Transactions
Prior to August 22, 2002, Equistar was owned 41% by Lyondell, 29.5% by
Millennium and 29.5% by Occidental. On August 22, 2002, Lyondell completed the
purchase of Occidental's interest in Equistar, increasing its ownership interest
in Equistar to 70.5%. As a result of this transaction, Occidental has two
representatives on Lyondell's board of directors and, as of December 31, 2002,
Occidental owned approximately 22% of Lyondell. In view of Occidental's
ownership position with Lyondell, which owns 70.5% of Equistar, Occidental's
transactions with Equistar subsequent to August 22, 2002 will continue to be
reported as related party transactions in Equistar's Consolidated Statements of
Income and Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Product Transactions with Lyondell--Lyondell purchases ethylene, propylene and
benzene at market-related prices from Equistar under various agreements expiring
in 2013 and 2014. With the exception of one pre-existing supply agreement for a
product, expiring in 2015, Lyondell is required, under the agreements, to
purchase 100% of its ethylene, propylene and benzene requirements for its
Channelview and Bayport, Texas facilities from Equistar. Lyondell licenses MTBE
technology to Equistar, and purchases a significant portion of the MTBE produced
by Equistar at one of its two Channelview units at market-related prices.
Equistar acts as sales agent for the methanol products of Lyondell Methanol
Company, L.P. ("LMC"), which was wholly owned by Lyondell effective May 1, 2002.
The natural gas for LMC's plant is purchased by Equistar as agent for LMC under
Equistar master agreements with various third party suppliers. Equistar provides
operating and other services for LMC under the terms of existing agreements that
were assumed by Equistar from Lyondell, including the lease to LMC by Equistar
of the real property on which LMC's methanol plant is located. Pursuant to the
terms of those agreements, LMC pays Equistar a management fee and reimburses
certain expenses of Equistar at cost.
Product Transactions with Millennium--Equistar sells ethylene to Millennium at
market-related prices pursuant to an agreement entered into in connection with
the formation of Equistar. Under this agreement, Millennium is required to
purchase 100% of its ethylene requirements for its La Porte, Texas facility from
Equistar. The contract expired December 1, 2002 and is renewed annually. The
contract was renewed through December 31, 2003.
F-9
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
Also, under an agreement entered into in connection with the formation of
Equistar, Equistar is required to purchase 100% of its vinyl acetate monomer raw
material requirements at market-related prices from Millennium for its La Porte,
Texas, Clinton, Iowa and Morris, Illinois plants for the production of ethylene
vinyl acetate products at those locations. This contract also expired December
31, 2002 and was renewed through December 31, 2003.
Product Transactions with Occidental--In connection with the contribution of
Occidental assets to Equistar, Equistar and Occidental entered into a long-term
agreement for Equistar to supply 100% of the ethylene requirements for
Occidental's U.S. manufacturing plants at market-related prices. The ethylene is
exclusively for internal use in production at these plants, less any quantities
up to 250 million pounds per year tolled in accordance with the provisions of
the agreement. Upon three years notice from either party, sales may be "phased
down" over a period not less than five years. No phase down may commence before
January 1, 2009. Therefore, the annual required minimum cannot decline to zero
prior to December 31, 2013, unless certain specified force majeure events occur.
In addition to ethylene, Equistar sells methanol, ethers and glycols to
Occidental. Also, from time to time, Equistar has entered into over-the-counter
derivatives, primarily price swap contracts, for crude oil with Occidental to
help manage its exposure to commodity price risk with respect to crude
oil-related raw material purchases. See Note 12. Equistar also purchases various
other products from Occidental at market-related prices.
Product Transactions with Oxy Vinyls, LP--Occidental owns 76% of Oxy Vinyls, LP
("Oxy Vinyls"), a joint venture partnership. Equistar sells ethylene to Oxy
Vinyls for Oxy Vinyls' La Porte, Texas facility at market-related prices
pursuant to an agreement that expires December 31, 2003.
Transactions with LYONDELL-CITGO Refining LP--Substantially all of Lyondell's
rights and obligations under the terms of its product sales and raw material
purchase agreements with LYONDELL-CITGO Refining LP ("LCR"), a joint venture
investment of Lyondell, have been assigned to Equistar. Accordingly, certain
olefins by-products are sold by Equistar to LCR for processing into gasoline and
certain refinery products are sold by LCR to Equistar as raw materials. Equistar
also has assumed certain processing arrangements as well as storage obligations
between Lyondell and LCR and provides certain marketing services for LCR. All of
the agreements between LCR and Equistar are on terms generally representative of
prevailing market prices.
Shared Services Agreement with Lyondell--Under a shared services agreement,
Lyondell provides office space and various services to Equistar including
information technology, human resources, sales and marketing, raw material
supply, supply chain, health, safety and environmental, engineering, research
and development, facility services, legal, accounting, treasury, internal audit
and tax. Lyondell charges Equistar for its share of the cost of such services.
Direct costs, incurred exclusively for Equistar, also are charged to Equistar.
Costs related to a limited number of shared services, primarily engineering,
continue to be incurred by Equistar. In such cases, Equistar charges Lyondell
for its share of such costs.
Shared Services and Shared-Site Agreements with Millennium
Petrochemicals--Equistar and Millennium Petrochemicals have agreements under
which Equistar provides utilities, fuel streams and office space to Millennium
Petrochemicals. In addition, Millennium Petrochemicals provides Equistar with
certain operational services, including utilities, as well as barge dock access
and related services.
F-10
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
Related party transactions are summarized as follows:
For the year ended December 31,
-------------------------------
Millions of dollars 2002 2001 2000
------------------- ---- ---- ----
Equistar billed related parties for:
------------------------------------
Sales of products and processing services:
Lyondell $459 $405 $572
Occidental Chemical 358 441 558
LCR 340 377 438
Millennium Petrochemicals 43 55 90
Oxy Vinyls 42 48 67
Shared services and shared site agreements:
LCR 4 3 2
Lyondell/LMC 16 18 26
Millennium Petrochemicals 9 17 24
Gas purchased for Lyondell/LMC 76 86 85
Related parties billed Equistar for:
------------------------------------
Purchases of products:
LCR $218 $203 $264
Millennium Petrochemicals 10 15 16
Lyondell 1 4 2
Occidental Chemical 1 1 2
Shared services, transition and lease agreements:
Lyondell 134 135 111
Millennium Petrochemicals 16 19 22
Occidental Chemical 7 6 6
LCR 1 2 --
6. Accounts Receivable
Equistar sells its products primarily to other chemical manufacturers in the
petrochemicals and polymers industries. Equistar performs ongoing credit
evaluations of its customers' financial condition and, in certain circumstances,
requires letters of credit from them. The Partnership's allowance for doubtful
accounts, which is reflected in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as
a reduction of accounts receivable, totaled $16 million and $14 million at
December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively.
During October 2002, Equistar entered into an agreement with an unaffiliated
issuer of receivables-backed commercial paper under which Equistar sold accounts
receivable and received cash proceeds of $100 million. Under the terms of the
agreement, Equistar agreed to sell, on an ongoing basis and without recourse,
designated new accounts receivable as existing receivables are collected. The
agreement has annual renewal provisions for up to three years and is subject to
maintaining at least a specified debt rating. Equistar is seeking an amendment
to reduce the minimum required debt ratings and expects the amendment to be
effective prior to March 31, 2003. Upon entering into the agreement, the
commitment under the revolving credit facility was reduced by $50 million. See
Note 10.
At December 31, 2002, the balance of Equistar's accounts receivable sold under
this arrangement was $81 million. Increases and decreases in the amount sold are
reflected in operating cash flows in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Fees related to the sales are included in "Other income, net" in the
Consolidated Statements of Income. During 2001, Equistar terminated a similar
agreement.
F-11
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
7. Inventories
Inventories consisted of the following components at December 31:
Millions of dollars 2002 2001
------------------- ---- ----
Finished goods $233 $243
Work-in-process 12 12
Raw materials 95 104
Materials and supplies 84 89
---- ----
Total inventories $424 $448
==== ====
The excess of the current cost of inventories over book value was approximately
$55 million at December 31, 2002.
8. Property, Plant and Equipment and Other Assets
The components of property, plant and equipment, at cost, and the related
accumulated depreciation were as follows at December 31:
Millions of dollars 2002 2001
------------------- ------- -------
Land $ 80 $ 79
Manufacturing facilities and equipment 6,037 5,929
Construction in progress 60 92
------- -------
Total property, plant and equipment 6,177 6,100
Less accumulated depreciation (2,612) (2,395)
------- -------
Property, plant and equipment, net $ 3,565 $ 3,705
======= =======
Equistar did not capitalize any interest during 2002, 2001 and 2000 with respect
to construction projects.
The components of other assets, at cost, and the related accumulated
amortization were as follows at December 31:
2002 2001
-------------------------- --------------------------
Accumulated Accumulated
Millions of dollars Cost Amortization Net Cost Amortization Net
------------------- ---- ------------ ---- ---- ------------ ----
Intangible assets:
Turnaround costs $193 $ (94) $ 99 $151 $ (81) $ 70
Software costs 150 (66) 84 152 (55) 97
Debt issuance costs 43 (13) 30 41 (7) 34
Catalyst costs 23 (11) 12 11 (4) 7
Other 58 (17) 41 37 (9) 28
---- ----- ---- ---- ----- ----
Total intangible assets $467 $(201) 266 $392 $(156) 236
==== ===== ==== =====
Pension asset 21 22
Other 28 19
---- ----
Total other assets $315 $277
==== ====
Scheduled amortization of these intangible assets for the next five years is
estimated at $56 million in 2003, $56 million in 2004, $57 million in 2005, $57
million in 2006 and $57 million in 2007.
F-12
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
Depreciation and amortization expense is summarized as follows:
For the year ended December 31,
-------------------------------
Millions of dollars 2002 2001 2000
------------------- ---- ---- ----
Property, plant and equipment $242 $237 $229
Goodwill -- 33 33
Turnaround costs 24 20 24
Software costs 15 12 13
Other 17 17 9
---- ---- ----
Total depreciation and amortization $298 $319 $308
==== ==== ====
In addition, amortization of debt issuance costs of $7 million, $2 million and
$2 million in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively, is included in interest expense
in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
9. Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following components at December 31:
Millions of dollars 2002 2001
------------------- ---- ----
Taxes other than income $ 65 $ 67
Interest 65 68
Payroll and benefits 42 49
Contractual obligations 34 30
Other 17 13
---- ----
Total accrued liabilities $223 $227
==== ====
10. Long-Term Debt
During October 2002, Equistar entered into an agreement to sell certain accounts
receivable and received cash proceeds of $100 million. See Note 6. As a result,
the commitment under its revolving credit facility was reduced by $50 million,
to $450 million, in accordance with the terms of the revolving credit facility
and would not be restored if the receivables agreement were terminated. Equistar
used the $100 million proceeds to reduce borrowing under the revolving credit
facility and for general corporate purposes. The revolving credit facility was
undrawn at December 31, 2002. Amounts available under the revolving credit
facility are reduced to the extent of certain outstanding letters of credit
provided under the credit facility, which totaled $16 million as of December 31,
2002.
In March 2002, Equistar obtained amendments to its credit facility making
certain financial ratio requirements less restrictive, making the covenant
limiting acquisitions more restrictive and adding a covenant limiting certain
non-regulatory capital expenditures. As a result of the amendment, the interest
rate on the credit facility was increased by 0.5% per annum.
In August 2001, Equistar completed a $1.5 billion debt refinancing. The
refinancing included a credit facility consisting of a $500 million secured
revolving credit facility maturing in August 2006 and a $300 million secured
term loan, maturing in August 2007, with scheduled quarterly amortization
payments, beginning December 31, 2001. The refinancing also included the
issuance of $700 million of new unsecured 10.125% senior notes maturing in
August 2008. The 10.125% senior notes rank pari passu with existing Equistar
notes. Certain financial ratio requirements were modified in the refinancing to
make them less restrictive.
F-13
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
Borrowing under the revolving credit facility generally bears interest based on
a margin over, at Equistar's option, LIBOR or a base rate. The sum of the
applicable margin plus a facility fee varies between 1.5% and 2.5%, in the case
of LIBOR loans, and 0.5% and 1.5%, in the case of base rate loans, depending on
Equistar's ratio of debt to EBITDA, as defined in the credit facility. The
credit facility is secured by a lien on substantially all of Equistar's personal
property, including accounts receivable, inventory, other personal property as
well as a portion of its real property.
The August 2001 refinancing replaced a five-year, $1.25 billion credit facility
that would have expired November 2002. Borrowing under the facility was $820
million at December 31, 2000. Millennium America Inc., a subsidiary of
Millennium, provided limited guarantees with respect to the payment of principal
and interest on a total of $750 million principal amount of indebtedness under
the $1.25 billion revolving credit facility. As a result of the refinancing, the
related guarantees have been terminated.
The credit facility and the indenture governing Equistar's 10.125% senior notes
contain covenants that, subject to certain exceptions, restrict sale and
leaseback transactions, lien incurrence, debt incurrence, sales of assets,
investments, non-regulatory capital expenditures, certain payments, and mergers.
In addition, the bank credit facility requires Equistar to maintain specified
financial ratios. The breach of these covenants could permit the lenders to
declare the loans immediately payable and could permit the lenders under
Equistar's credit facility to terminate future lending commitments.
As a result of continuing adverse conditions in the industry, in March 2003,
Equistar obtained amendments to its credit facility to provide additional
financial flexibility by easing certain financial ratio requirements.
Long-term debt consisted of the following at December 31:
Millions of dollars 2002 2001
------------------- ------ ------
Bank credit facility:
Revolving credit facility due 2006 $ -- $ --
Term loan due 2007 296 299
Other debt obligations:
Medium-term notes due 2003-2005 30 31
9.125% Notes due 2002 -- 100
8.50% Notes due 2004 300 300
6.50% Notes due 2006 150 150
10.125% Senior Notes due 2008 700 700
8.75% Notes due 2009 599 598
7.55% Debentures due 2026 150 150
Other 3 9
------ ------
Total long-term debt 2,228 2,337
Less current maturities 32 104
------ ------
Total long-term debt, net $2,196 $2,233
====== ======
The term loan due 2007 generally bears interest at a rate equal to LIBOR plus 3%
or the base rate plus 2%, at Equistar's option. Borrowing under the term loan
had a weighted average interest rate of 5.25% and 6.26% during 2002 and 2001,
respectively. The medium-term notes had a weighted average interest rate of
9.75% and 9.75% at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The 8.75% notes
have a face amount of $600 million and are shown net of unamortized discount.
The medium-term notes, the 9.125% notes, the 6.5% notes and the 7.55% debentures
were assumed by Equistar from Lyondell when Equistar was formed in 1997. As
between Equistar and Lyondell, Equistar is primarily liable for this debt.
Lyondell remains a co-obligor for the medium-term notes and certain events
involving only Lyondell could give rise to events of default under those notes,
permitting the obligations to be accelerated. Under certain limited
circumstances, the holders of the medium-term notes have the right to require
repurchase of the notes.
F-14
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
Following amendments to the indentures for the 6.5% notes and the 7.55%
debentures in November 2000, Lyondell remains a guarantor of that debt. The
9.125% notes were repaid in 2002. The consolidated financial statements of
Lyondell are filed as an exhibit to Equistar's Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the year ended December 31, 2002.
Aggregate maturities of long-term debt during the next five years are $32
million in 2003; $303 million in 2004; $4 million in 2005; $153 million in 2006;
$284 million in 2007 and $1.5 billion thereafter.
11. Lease Commitments
Equistar leases various facilities and equipment under noncancelable lease
arrangements for various periods. Operating leases include leases of railcars
used in the distribution of products in Equistar's business. During 2002,
Equistar leased certain of these railcars, under three operating leases, from
unaffiliated entities established for the purpose of serving as lessors with
respect to these leases.
One of these three leases remains outstanding at December 31, 2002. This lease
includes an option for Equistar to purchase the railcars during the lease term.
If Equistar does not exercise the purchase option, the affected railcars will be
sold upon termination of the lease. In the event the sales proceeds are less
than the related guaranteed residual value, Equistar will pay the difference to
the lessor. The guaranteed residual value, which is not included in future
minimum lease payments in the table below, was $83 million at December 31, 2002.
The second of these three leases terminated in December 2002, and Equistar
entered into a new lease arrangement with another lessor. The new lease covered
a substantial portion of the subject railcars, and Equistar purchased the
remaining railcars for $10 million. The third of these leases terminated in
November 2002, and Equistar purchased the subject railcars for $37 million.
At December 31, 2002, future minimum lease payments relating to noncancelable
operating leases, including railcar leases, with lease terms in excess of one
year were as follows:
Minimum
Lease
Millions of dollars Payments
------------------- --------
2003 $ 73
2004 65
2005 53
2006 41
2007 35
Thereafter 287
----
Total minimum lease payments $554
====
Operating lease net rental expense was $125 million, $110 million and $115
million for the years ending December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Net
rental expense in 2002 included the amortization of $34 million of prepayments,
related to the first and second railcar leases described above, over the
remaining lease terms.
F-15
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-Continued
12. Financial Instruments and Derivatives
During 2000, Equistar entered into over-the-counter derivatives, primarily price
swap contracts, related to crude oil with Occidental Energy Marketing, Inc., a
subsidiary of Occidental Chemical, to help manage its exposure to commodity
price risk with respect to crude oil-related raw material purchases. At December
31, 2000, price swap contracts covering 5.1 million barrels of crude oil were
outstanding. The carrying value and fair market value of these derivative
instruments at December 31, 2000 represented a liability of $13 million, which
was based on quoted market prices. The resulting loss from these hedges of
anticipated raw material purchases was deferred on the consolidated balance
sheet. On January 1, 2001, in accordance with the transition provisions of SFAS
No. 133, Equistar reclassified the deferred loss of $13 million to accumulated
other comprehensive income as a transition adjustment, representing the
cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle. The transition adjustment
was reclassified to the Consolidated Statement of Income during the period
January through July 2001 as the related raw material purchases occurred.
During 2001, Equistar entered into additional price swap contracts covering 7.2
million barrels of crude oil that primarily matured from July 2001 through
December 2001. In the third quarter 2001, outstanding price swap contracts,
covering 4.1 million barrels of crude oil that primarily matured from October
2001 through December 2001, were effectively terminated. The termination
resulted in realization of a gain of nearly $9 million, which was recognized in
the fourth quarter 2001 as the related forecasted transactions occurred. There
were no outstanding price swap contracts at December 31, 2002 and December 31,
2001.
The following table summarizes activity included in accumulated other
comprehensive income ("AOCI") related to the fair value of derivative
instruments for the year ended December 31, 2001:
Millions of dollars 2001
------------------- ----
Gain (loss):
Balance at beginning of period $ --
----
January 1, 2001 transition adjustment -
reclassification of December 31, 2000 deferred loss (13)
Net gains on derivative instruments 35
Reclassification of gains on
derivative instruments to earnings (22)
----
Net change included in AOCI for the period --
----
Net gain on derivative instruments
included in AOCI at December 31, 2001 $ --
====
The fair value of all nonderivative financial instruments included in current
assets and current liabilities, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts
receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximated their
carrying value due to their short maturity. Based on the borrowing rates
currently available to Equistar for debt with terms and average maturities
similar to Equistar's debt portfolio, the fair value of Equistar's long-term
debt, including amounts due within one year, was approximately $2.0 billion and
$2.3 billion at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Equistar estimates the
fair value of its residual value guarantee under a railcar lease (see Note 11)
is not significant due to the low probability of future payments under the
guarantee provisions.
Equistar is exposed to credit risk related to its financial instruments in the
event of nonperformance by the counterparties. Equistar does not generally
require collateral or other security to support these financial instruments. The
counterparties to these transactions are major institutions deemed creditworthy
by Equistar. Equistar does not anticipate nonperformance by the counterparties.
F-16
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-Continued
13. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
All full-time regular employees are covered by defined benefit pension plans
sponsored by Equistar. In connection with the formation of Equistar, no pension
assets or obligations were contributed to Equistar, with the exception of union
represented plans contributed by Occidental and Millennium.
Retirement benefits are based upon years of service and the employee's highest
three consecutive years of compensation during the last ten years of service.
Equistar accrues pension costs based upon an actuarial valuation of the
liabilities and funds the plans through periodic contributions to pension trust
funds. Equistar also has unfunded supplemental nonqualified retirement plans,
which provide pension benefits for certain employees in excess of the tax
qualified plans' limits. In addition, Equistar sponsors unfunded postretirement
benefit plans other than pensions, which provide medical and life insurance
benefits. The postretirement medical plans are contributory while the life
insurance plans are, generally, noncontributory. The life insurance benefits
will no longer be provided to employees retiring after July 1, 2002.
The following table provides a reconciliation of benefit obligations, plan
assets and the funded status of these plans:
Other
Pension Benefits Postretirement Benefits
----------------- -----------------------
Millions of dollars 2002 2001 2002 2001
------------------- ---- ---- ---- ----
Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation, January 1 $147 $120 $112 $ 92
Service cost 16 16 2 2
Interest cost 11 10 7 6
Plan amendments (2) -- (13) 29
Actuarial loss (gain) 8 12 2 (14)
Benefits paid (10) (11) (2) (3)
---- ---- ---- ----
Benefit obligation, December 31 170 147 108 112
---- ---- ---- ----
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets, January 1 107 117 -- --
Actual return on plan assets (13) (6) -- --
Partnership contributions 18 7 2 3
Benefits paid (10) (11) (2) (3)
---- ---- ---- ----
Fair value of plan assets, December 31 102 107 -- --
---- ---- ---- ----
Funded status (68) (40) (108) (112)
Unrecognized actuarial and investment loss 76 48 7 5
Unrecognized prior service cost (2) -- 14 29
---- ---- ---- ----
Net amount recognized $ 6 $ 8 $(87) $(78)
==== ==== ==== ====
Amounts recognized in the
Consolidated Balance Sheet consist of:
Prepaid benefit cost $ 21 $ 22 $ -- $ --
Accrued benefit liability (51) (33) (87) (78)
Accumulated other comprehensive income 36 19 -- --
---- ---- ---- ----
Net amount recognized $ 6 $ 8 $(87) $(78)
==== ==== ==== ====
The decrease in other postretirement benefit obligations due to plan amendments
in 2002 primarily resulted from discontinuing life insurance benefits for
employees retiring after July 1, 2002. The increase in other postretirement
benefit obligations due to plan amendments in 2001 resulted from a change in the
medical plan that increased Equistar's minimum contribution level per employee
by 25%.
F-17
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-Continued
Pension plans with projected benefit obligations in excess of the fair value of
assets are summarized as follows at December 31:
2002 2001
---- ----
Projected benefit obligation $170 $129
Fair value of assets 102 81
Pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of the fair value
of assets are summarized as follows at December 31:
2002 2001
---- ----
Accumulated benefit obligation $123 $106
Fair value of assets 81 81
Net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit costs included the
following components:
Other
Pension Benefits Postretirement Benefits
------------------ -----------------------
Millions of dollars 2002 2001 2000 2002 2001 2000
------------------- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Components of net periodic
benefit cost:
Service cost $ 16 $ 16 $ 17 $ 2 $ 2 $ 2
Interest cost 11 10 9 7 6 6
Actual loss on plan assets 13 6 3 -- -- --
Less-unrecognized loss (24) (17) (11) -- -- --
---- ---- ---- --- --- ---
Recognized gain on plan assets (11) (11) (8) -- -- --
Amortization of actuarial and
investment loss 4 2 -- -- -- 1
Prior service cost -- -- -- 2 -- --
Net effect of curtailments, settlements
and special termination benefits -- 3 (1) -- 2 1
---- ---- ---- --- --- ---
Net periodic benefit cost $ 20 $ 20 $ 17 $11 $10 $10
==== ==== ==== === === ===
The assumptions used in determining the net pension cost and the net pension
liability were as follows at December 31:
Other
Pension Benefits Postretirement Benefits
------------------ -----------------------
2002 2001 2000 2002 2001 2000
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Weighted-average assumptions as of
December 31:
Discount rate 6.50% 7.00% 7.50% 6.50% 7.00% 7.50%
Expected return on plan assets 9.50% 9.50% 9.50% -- -- --
Rate of compensation increase 4.50% 4.50% 4.50% -- 4.50% 4.50%
The assumed annual rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered health
care benefits as of December 31, 2002 was 10.0% for 2003 through 2004, 7.0% for
2005 through 2007 and 5.0% thereafter. The health care cost trend rate
assumption does not have a significant effect on the amounts reported due to
limits on Equistar's maximum contribution level under the medical plan. To
illustrate, increasing or decreasing the assumed health care cost trend rates by
one percentage point in each year would change the accumulated postretirement
benefit liability as of December 31, 2002 by less than $1 million and would not
have a material effect on the aggregate service and interest cost components of
the net periodic postretirement benefit cost for the year then ended.
F-18
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-Continued
Equistar also maintains voluntary defined contribution savings plans for
eligible employees. Contributions to the plans by Equistar were $13 million, $16
million and $17 million for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000,
respectively.
14. Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments--Equistar has various purchase commitments for materials, supplies
and services incident to the ordinary conduct of business, generally for
quantities required for Equistar's businesses and at prevailing market prices.
See also Note 5, describing related party commitments.
Equistar is party to various unconditional purchase obligation contracts as a
purchaser for products and services, principally for steam and power. At
December 31, 2002, future minimum payments under those contracts with
noncancelable contract terms in excess of one year and fixed minimum payments
were as follows:
Millions of dollars
2003 $ 164
2004 168
2005 169
2006 157
2007 151
Thereafter through 2023 1,749
------
Total minimum contract payments $2,558
======
Equistar's total purchases under these agreements were $230 million for the year
ended December 31, 2002.
Leased Facility--The Lake Charles facility has been idled since the first
quarter of 2001. The facility and land, which are included in property, plant
and equipment, at a net book value of $160 million, are leased from an affiliate
of Occidental under a lease that expires in May 2003. The parties are
investigating alternatives related to the facility and land. Management believes
that the resolution of these alternatives will not have a material adverse
effect on the financial position, liquidity or results of operations of
Equistar.
Indemnification Arrangements-- Lyondell, Millennium Petrochemicals and
Occidental and certain of its subsidiaries have each agreed to provide certain
indemnifications to Equistar with respect to the petrochemicals and polymers
businesses they each contributed. In addition, Equistar has agreed to assume
third party claims that are related to certain contingent liabilities arising
prior to the contribution transactions that are asserted prior to December 1,
2004 as to Lyondell and Millennium Petrochemicals, and May 15, 2005 as to
Occidental, to the extent the aggregate thereof does not exceed $7 million for
each entity, subject to certain terms of the respective asset contribution
agreements. From formation through December 31, 2002, Equistar had incurred a
total of $20 million for these uninsured claims and liabilities. Lyondell,
Millennium and Occidental each remain liable under these indemnification
arrangements to the same extent following Lyondell's acquisition of Occidental's
interest in Equistar as they were before.
Environmental Remediation--Equistar's accrued liability for environmental
matters as of December 31, 2002 was $2 million and related to the Port Arthur
facility, which was permanently shut down in February 2001. In the opinion of
management, there is currently no material estimable range of loss in excess of
the amounts recorded for environmental remediation.
Clean Air Act-- The eight-county Houston/Galveston region has been designated a
severe non-attainment area for ozone by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
("EPA"). Emission reduction controls for nitrogen oxides ("NOx") must be
installed at each of Equistar's six plants located in the Houston/Galveston
region during the next several years. Recently adopted revisions by the
regulatory agencies changed the required NOx reduction levels from 90% to 80%.
Compliance with the previously proposed 90% reduction standards would have
resulted in increased capital investment, estimated at between $200 million and
$260 million, before the 2007 deadline, as well
F-19
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
as higher annual operating costs for Equistar. Under the revised 80% standard,
Equistar estimates that capital expenditures would decrease to between $165
million and $200 million. However, the savings from this revision could be
offset by the costs of stricter proposed controls over highly reactive, volatile
organic compounds, or HRVOCs. Equistar is still assessing the impact of the
proposed HRVOC regulations and there can be no guarantee as to the ultimate
capital cost of implementing any final plan developed to ensure ozone attainment
by the 2007 deadline. The timing and amount of these expenditures are also
subject to regulatory and other uncertainties, as well as obtaining the
necessary permits and approvals.
In the United States, the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 set minimum levels
for oxygenates, such as MTBE, in gasoline sold in areas not meeting specified
air quality standards. However, the presence of MTBE in some water supplies in
California and other states due to gasoline leaking from underground storage
tanks and in surface water from recreational water craft has led to public
concern about the use of MTBE. Certain federal and state governmental
initiatives in the U.S. have sought either to rescind the oxygen requirement for
reformulated gasoline or to restrict or ban the use of MTBE. Equistar's MTBE
sales represented approximately 3% of its total 2002 revenues. The U.S. House of
Representatives and the U.S. Senate each passed versions of an omnibus energy
bill during 2001 and 2002, respectively. The Senate version of the energy bill
would have resulted in a ban on the use of MTBE. The two energy bills were not
reconciled during the conference process and an omnibus energy bill was not
passed during 2002.
Both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate are expected to
pursue an energy bill during the 2003/2004 legislative cycle. If this happens,
it is likely that fuel content, including MTBE use, will be a subject of
legislative debate. Factors which could be considered in this debate include the
impact on gasoline price and supply and the potential for degradation of air
quality.
At the state level, a number of states have legislated future MTBE bans. Of
these, a number are mid-West states that use ethanol as the oxygenate of choice.
Bans in these states should not have an impact on MTBE demand. However,
Connecticut, California and New York have bans of MTBE in place effective
October 1, 2003, January 1, 2004, and January 1, 2004, respectively. Equistar
estimates that California represents 34% of the U.S. MTBE industry demand and
20% of the worldwide MTBE industry demand, while Connecticut and New York
combined represent 12% of the U.S. MTBE industry demand and 7% of the worldwide
MTBE industry demand.
At this time, Equistar cannot predict the impact that these initiatives will
have on MTBE margins or volumes during 2003. However, several major oil
companies have announced plans, beginning in 2003, to discontinue the use of
MTBE in gasoline produced for California markets. Equistar estimates that the
California-market MTBE volumes of these companies account for an estimated 18%
of U.S. MTBE industry demand and 10% of worldwide MTBE industry demand. Equistar
intends to continue marketing MTBE in the U.S. However, should it become
necessary or desirable to reduce MTBE production, Equistar would need to convert
raw materials used in MTBE to production of other products. It may be desirable
to make capital expenditures to add the flexibility to produce alternative
gasoline blending components. The profit margins on these alternatives are
likely to be lower than those historically realized on MTBE.
General--Equistar is involved in various lawsuits and proceedings. Subject to
the uncertainty inherent in all litigation, management believes the resolution
of these proceedings, or any liability arising from the matters discussed in
this note, will not have a material adverse effect on the financial position,
liquidity or results of operations of Equistar.
F-20
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
15. Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Supplemental cash flow information is summarized as follows for the periods
presented:
For the year ended December 31,
-------------------------------
Millions of dollars 2002 2001 2000
------------------- ---- ---- ----
Cash paid for interest $200 $171 $180
==== ==== ====
16. Segment Information and Related Information
Equistar operates in two reportable segments, petrochemicals and polymers (see
Note 1). The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described
in "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" (see Note 2). No unaffiliated
customer accounted for 10% or more of sales during any year in the three-year
period ended December 31, 2002.
Summarized financial information concerning Equistar's reportable segments is
shown in the following table. Intersegment sales between the petrochemicals and
polymers segments were based on current market prices.
Millions of dollars Petrochemicals Polymers Unallocated Eliminations Consolidated
------------------- -------------- -------- ----------- ------------ ------------
For the year ended December 31, 2002:
Sales and other operating revenues:
Customers $3,669 $1,868 $ -- $ -- $5,537
Intersegment 1,288 -- -- (1,288) --
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
4,957 1,868 -- (1,288) 5,537
Operating income (loss) 146 (74) (116) -- (44)
Total assets 3,410 1,438 204 -- 5,052
Capital expenditures 58 59 1 -- 118
Depreciation and
amortization expense 217 58 23 -- 298
For the year ended December 31, 2001:
Sales and other
Operating revenues:
Customers $3,929 $1,980 $ -- $ -- $5,909
Intersegment 1,455 -- -- (1,455) --
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
5,384 1,980 -- (1,455) 5,909
Operating income (loss) 275 (186) (188) -- (99)
Total assets 3,474 1,400 1,464 -- 6,338
Capital expenditures 84 24 2 -- 110
Depreciation and
Amortization expense 204 58 57 -- 319
For the year ended December 31, 2000:
Sales and other
Operating revenues:
Customers $5,144 $2,351 $ -- $ -- $7,495
Intersegment 1,887 -- -- (1,887) --
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
7,031 2,351 -- (1,887) 7,495
Operating income (loss) 694 (185) (175) -- 334
Total assets 3,705 1,575 1,334 -- 6,614
Capital expenditures 79 46 6 -- 131
Depreciation and
amortization expense 199 55 54 -- 308
F-21
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - Continued
The following table presents the details of "Operating income (loss)" as
presented above in the "Unallocated" column for the years ended December 31,
2002, 2001 and 2000:
Millions of dollars 2002 2001 2000
------------------- ----- ----- -----
Items not allocated to petrochemicals and polymers:
Principally general and administrative expenses $(116) $(166) $(175)
Facility closing costs -- (22) --
----- ----- -----
Operating income (loss) $(116) $(188) $(175)
===== ===== =====
The following table presents the details of "Total assets" as presented above in
the "Unallocated" column as of December 31, for the years indicated:
Millions of dollars 2002 2001 2000
------------------- ---- ------ ------
Cash and cash equivalents $ 27 $ 202 $ 18
Accounts receivable--trade and related parties -- 17 16
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 22 20 17
Property, plant and equipment, net 18 23 35
Goodwill, net -- 1,053 1,086
Other assets, net 137 149 162
---- ------ ------
Total assets $204 $1,464 $1,334
==== ====== ======
F-22
SCHEDULE II
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
For the Years Ended 2000, 2001 and 2002
Additions
-----------------------
Balance Charged to Charged to Balance at
at Beginning Costs and Other End of
of Year Expenses Accounts Deductions Year
------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Year ended December 31, 2000
Deducted from asset accounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts ....... $ 2 $ 2 -- $ -- $ 4
Valuation allowance for deferred tax
assets ............................. 76 -- -- (6)(a) 70
Year ended December 31, 2001
Deducted from asset accounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts ....... 4 4 -- (1)(b) 7
Valuation allowance for deferred tax
assets ............................. 70 -- -- (61)(c) 9
Year ended December 31, 2002
Deducted from asset accounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts ....... 7 -- -- -- 7
Valuation allowance for deferred tax
assets ............................. 9 -- 11(d) -- 20
----------
(a) Valuation allowance for capital loss carryover.
(b) Uncollected accounts written off, net of recoveries.
(c) Portion of underlying capital loss carryover expired.
(d) Valuation allowance related to minimum pension adjustment charged to Other
comprehensive income.
S-1
Exhibit Index
Exhibit
Number Description of Document
------ -----------------------
3.1(b) Certificate of Elimination of Series A Junior Preferred Stock of
Millennium Chemicals Inc.
10.7 Form of Agreement between Millennium America Holdings Inc., (or
certain of its subsidiaries), and each of William M. Landuyt, Robert
E. Lee, C. William Carmean, Timothy E. Dowdle, Marie S. Dreher, Peter
P. Hanik, John E. Lushefski, Myra J. Perkinson, David L. Vercollone
and certain other executives of the Company'D'
10.8 Form of Agreement between each of the Company's operating subsidiaries
and certain officers of such subsidiaries'D'
10.9(e) Amendment Number 4 dated as of June 1, 2002, to the Millennium
Chemicals Inc. Annual Performance Incentive Plan'D'
10.10(e) Amendment dated as of June 1, 2002 to the Millennium Chemicals Inc.
Long Term Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.23(d) to the 1998 Form 10-K)'D'
10.11(a) Amended and Restated Millennium Chemicals Inc. Supplemental Executive
Retirement Plan'D'
10.11(b) Millennium Chemicals Inc. 2003 Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan
'D'
10.19(d) Amendment Number Three dated as of June 1, 2002 to the Millennium
Chemicals Inc. Salary and Bonus Deferral Plan'D'
10.20(b) Amendment dated as of June 1, 2002 to the Millennium Chemicals
Inc. Supplemental Savings and Investment Plan'D'
10.21(b) Amendment Number 1 dated as of June 1, 2002 to the Millennium
Chemicals Inc. Long Term Incentive Plan'D'
10.22(b) Amendment Number 1 dated as of June 1, 2002 to the Millennium
Chemicals Inc. Executive Long Term Incentive Plan'D'
10.23(b) Amendment Number 1 dated as of June 1, 2002 to the Millennium
America Holdings Inc. Long Term Incentive Plan and Executive
Long Term Incentive Plan Trust Agreement'D'
10.24(c) Amendment dated as of June 1, 2002 to Millennium Chemicals Inc.
2001 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan'D'
11.1 Statement re: computation of per share earnings
18.1 Change in Accounting Principle
21.1 Subsidiaries of the Company
23.1 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
23.2 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
99.1 Information relevant to forward-looking statements
----------
'D' Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be
filed pursuant to Item 14(c).
STATEMENT OF DIFFERENCES
The registered trademark symbol shall be expressed as...................'r'
The dagger symbol shall be expressed as.................................'D'
Characters normally expressed as subscript shall be preceded by.........[u]