SPRO-2012.06.30-10Q
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED June 30, 2012
Commission File Number 001-32300
SMARTPROS LTD.
(Exact name of small business issuer as specified in its charter)

Delaware
 
13-4100476
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

12 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, New York 10532
 
(Address of principal executive office)

(914) 345-2620
(Issuer’s telephone number, including area code)

Check whether the issuer: (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the issuer was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes ý          No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes x          No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.
 
Large accelerated filer    o
 
Accelerated filer                     o
 
 
Non-accelerated filer      o
 
Smaller reporting company   x
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o          No ý
Number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common equity, as of the latest practicable date: As of August 7, 2012, there were 4,708,661 shares of common stock outstanding.


Table of Contents

SMARTPROS LTD.
FORM 10-Q REPORT
June 30, 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
PAGE
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
Item 5.
 
 
 
Item 6.
 
 
 




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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Some of the statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. These statements relate to our plans and objectives for future operations as well as to market trends and expectations. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any expressed or implied future results, performance or achievements. The forward-looking statements included in this report are based on current expectations, plans and assumptions relating to the future operation of our business. These expectations, plans and assumptions involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive and market conditions and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are beyond our control. Although we believe that our expectations, plans and assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot assure you that the forward-looking statements included in this report will, ultimately, prove to be accurate. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included in this report, the fact that we have included forward-looking statements in this report should not be interpreted as a representation by us or any other person that our objectives and plans will be achieved. We undertake no obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason.
Forward-looking statements in this report include statements relating to our operating results, the development of new products, the timing of the launch of such products and the timing of any revenue to be generated from such products as well as statements regarding our plans for acquisitions. Whether or not our expectations regarding such forward-looking statements are ultimately realized depends on such factors as our ability to increase revenues, control costs, complete the development of new products in a timely manner and on budget, our ability to successfully market our products, general economic conditions, our ability to successfully identify acquisition candidates and our ability to successfully complete those acquisitions and integrate the newly acquired business into our existing operating and business platform.




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PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

SMARTPROS LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

 
June 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
(Unaudited)
 
(Audited)
ASSETS
 

 
 

Current Assets:
 

 
 

Cash and cash equivalents
$
5,829,002

 
$
6,281,725

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of approximately $20,000 and $39,000 at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively
1,810,354

 
1,868,063

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
349,898

 
334,826

Current income tax benefit
255,000

 
—

Total Current Assets
8,244,254

 
8,484,614

Property and equipment, net
630,257

 
645,325

Goodwill
3,375,257

 
3,375,257

Other intangibles, net
3,706,670

 
3,933,738

Other assets, including restricted cash of $75,000
104,515

 
92,965

Deferred tax asset
1,290,000

 
1,290,000

Investment in joint venture, at cost
6,867

 
2,742

 
9,113,566

 
9,340,027

Total Assets
$
17,357,820

 
$
17,824,641

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 

 
 

Current Liabilities:
 

 
 

Accounts payable
$
702,283

 
$
712,978

Accrued expenses
277,535

 
338,713

Dividend payable
58,858

 
60,749

Deferred revenue
4,948,394

 
4,606,255

Total Current Liabilities
5,987,070

 
5,718,695

Other liabilities
65,796

 
66,504

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES


 


Stockholders’ Equity:
 

 
 

Preferred stock, $.001 par value, authorized 1,000,000 shares, 0 shares issued and outstanding
—

 
—

Common stock, $.0001 par value, authorized 30,000,000 shares, 5,615,433 shares issued as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 respectively; and 4,708,661 shares and 4,797,231 shares outstanding as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively
562

 
562

Additional paid-in capital
17,453,969

 
17,514,275

Accumulated (deficit)
(3,581,073
)
 
(3,081,678
)
Common stock in treasury, at cost – 906,772 and 818,202 shares at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively
(2,568,504
)
 
(2,393,717
)
Total Stockholders’ Equity
11,304,954

 
12,039,442

Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
$
17,357,820

 
$
17,824,641

_________________________________________________________________________________
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

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SMARTPROS LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of
Operations (Unaudited)

 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
June 30,
 
June 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Net revenues
 
$
4,242,873

 
$
5,120,023

 
$
7,251,068

 
$
8,174,619

Cost of revenues
 
1,951,121

 
2,104,947

 
3,293,218

 
3,457,705

Gross profit
 
2,291,752

 
3,015,076

 
3,957,850

 
4,716,914

Operating Expenses:
 
 

 
 

 


 
 

Selling, general and administrative
 
2,123,363

 
2,202,222

 
4,174,419

 
4,314,780

Depreciation and amortization
 
272,127

 
317,938

 
544,346

 
575,510

 
 
2,395,490

 
2,520,160

 
4,718,765

 
4,890,290

Operating loss (income)
 
(103,738
)
 
494,916

 
(760,915
)
 
(173,376
)
Other Income (Expense):
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

Interest income (net)
 
8,082

 
1,947

 
14,042

 
4,726

Equity loss from joint venture
 
(5,500
)
 
(5,300
)
 
(5,875
)
 
(9,175
)
 
 
2,582

 
(3,353
)
 
8,167

 
(4,449
)
(Loss) income before income tax
 
(101,156
)
 
491,563

 
(752,748
)
 
(177,825
)
Benefit (provision) from income taxes
 
25,000

 
(175,000
)
 
253,353

 
65,000

Net (loss) income
 
$
(76,156
)
 
$
316,563

 
$
(499,395
)
 
$
(112,825
)
Net (loss) income per common share:
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

Basic net (loss) income per common share
 
$
(0.02
)
 
$
0.06

 
$
(0.11
)
 
$
(0.02
)
Diluted net (loss) income per common share
 
$
(0.02
)
 
$
0.06

 
$
(0.11
)
 
$
(0.02
)
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding:
 
 

 
 

 


 
 

Basic
 
4,766,814

 
4,918,228

 
4,781,939

 
4,898,518

Diluted
 
4,766,814

 
4,918,228

 
4,781,939

 
4,898,518

_________________________________________________________________________________
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)




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SMARTPROS LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

 
Six Months Ended
 
June 30,
 
2012
 
2011
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
 

 
 

Net loss
$
(499,395
)
 
$
(112,825
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
 

 
 
Depreciation and amortization
544,346

 
575,510

Stock compensation expense
58,518

 
61,155

Current income tax benefit (provision)
(255,000
)
 
(80,000
)
Equity loss from joint venture
5,875

 
9,175

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
(Increase) decrease in operating assets:


 
 
Accounts receivable
57,709

 
95,878

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
(15,072
)
 
103,991

Other assets
(11,550
)
 
(8,279
)
(Decrease) increase in operating liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
(71,874
)
 
(122,096
)
Deferred revenue
342,139

 
(178,003
)
Other liabilities
(708
)
 
6,876

Total adjustments
654,383

 
464,207

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
154,988

 
351,382

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
 
 
 
Acquisition of property and equipment
(118,835
)
 
(95,868
)
Capitalized software development costs
(59,331
)
 
(417,733
)
Capitalized course costs
(34,169
)
 
(29,400
)
Intangibles acquired
(89,874
)
 
(24,000
)
Additional capital invested in joint venture
(10,000
)
 
(10,000
)
Net Cash (Used in) Investing Activities
(312,209
)
 
(577,001
)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
 

 
 
Purchase of treasury stock
(174,787
)
 
(32,483
)
Dividend paid
(120,715
)
 
(61,496
)
Net Cash (Used in) Financing Activities
(295,502
)
 
(93,979
)
Net (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
(452,723
)
 
(319,598
)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
6,281,725

 
7,007,541

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
$
5,829,002

 
$
6,687,943

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:
 
 
 
Cash paid for interest
$
—

 
$
—

Cash paid for income taxes
$
18,633

 
$
—

 
 
 
 
_________________________________________________________________________________
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)



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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 1. Basis of Presentation
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of SmartPros Ltd. and subsidiaries (“SmartPros” or the “Company”), including these notes, have been prepared by the Company in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations promulgated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been omitted or condensed. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 27, 2012. Results of consolidated operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of a full year’s operating results. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements herein include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, SmartPros Legal and Ethics, Ltd. (“SLE”), Skye Multimedia Ltd. (“Skye”) and Loscalzo Associates Ltd. (“Loscalzo”). All material inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Note 2. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
          Nature of Operations
The Company, a Delaware corporation, was organized in 1981 under the name Center for Video Education Inc. for the purpose of producing educational programs primarily directed to the accounting profession. SmartPros’ primary products and services include the following:
•
Video and Internet-based subscription programs, live training seminars, Webinars and other continuing professional education programs and services for the accounting profession and finance professionals. The Company is a leading provider of training to certified public accountants, accountants in industry and financial professionals.
•
A series of continuing education courses for engineers, as well as courses designed for candidates of the various professional engineering exams.
•
Online training solutions for the insurance, securities and banking industries under the trade name Financial Campus, as well as courses designed for live training.
•
A subscription-based program called WatchIT as well as custom courses for corporate information technology professionals.
•
Ethics, governance and compliance programs for corporate clients and online and customized training for the legal profession.
•
Training solutions for a number of industries including pharmaceutical and professional services firms.
•
Custom videos, use of its recording studio and editing facilities, web development and other multi-media technology consulting services.
While management monitors the revenue streams of the various products and services, operations are managed and financial performance is evaluated on a company-wide basis. Accordingly, all of the Company’s operations are considered to be aggregated in one reportable segment.
SmartPros is headquartered in Hawthorne, New York, where it maintains its corporate offices, new media lab and video production facilities.
          Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles of the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
      

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 Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue from its subscription services as earned. Subscriptions are generally billed on an annual basis, deferred at the time of billing and amortized into revenue on a monthly basis over the term of the subscription, generally one year. Engineering products are non-subscription based and revenue is recognized upon shipment or, in the case of online sales, upon receipt of payment. Revenues from other non-subscription services, such as website design, video production, consulting services, and custom projects, are recognized on a proportional performance basis where sufficient information relating to project status and other supporting documentation is available. The contracts may have different billing arrangements resulting in either unbilled or deferred revenue. The Company obtains either signed agreements or purchase orders from its non-subscription customers outlining the terms and conditions of the products or services to be provided. Otherwise, revenues are recognized after completion and/or delivery of services to the customer. Revenue from live training programs is recognized upon completion of the conference or seminar, which usually lasts one to three days. Expenses directly related to the seminars including marketing expenses are charged to expense in the quarter in which the seminar is held.
          Capitalized Course Costs
Capitalized course costs include the direct cost of internally developing proprietary educational products and materials that have extended useful lives. Amortization of these capitalized course costs commences when the courses are available for sale from the Company’s catalog. The amortization period is the estimated useful lives of the courses, which are usually five years. Other course costs incurred in connection with any of the Company’s monthly subscription products or custom work is charged to expense as incurred. As a result of acquisitions, the Company is amortizing $1,113,000 of course costs over a five-year period. Included in other intangible assets at June 30, 2012 are capitalized course costs of $391,000, net of accumulated amortization of $229,000.
          Deferred Revenue
Deferred revenue related to subscription services represents the portion of unearned subscription revenue amortized on a straight-line basis as earned. Deferred revenues from seminars represent paid registrations for future programs. Deferred revenue related to website design, video production, custom e-learning programs or technology services represents that portion of amounts billed by the Company, or cash collected by the Company for which services have not yet been provided or earned in accordance with the Company’s revenue recognition policy. The Cognistar Legal division, the Financial Services division and the SmartIT Information Technology division recognize revenue either immediately from the direct sale of courses on a prepaid basis or on a deferred basis as earned, from the sale of subscriptions to their various products or from custom projects.
          Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Basic earnings or loss per common share is net income or loss, as the case may be, divided by the weighted average number of shares outstanding of the Company’s common stock, par value $.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”) during the period. Basic earnings or loss per share exclude any dilutive effects of options, warrants and convertible securities. Diluted earnings per common share include the dilutive effect of shares of Common Stock issuable under stock options and warrants. Diluted earnings per share are computed using the weighted average number of Common Stock and Common Stock equivalent shares outstanding during the period. For the six and three month periods ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, the inclusion of Common Stock equivalents would be anti-dilutive.

Note 3. Stock-Based Compensation
The Company’s 2009 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2009 Plan”) permits the grant of options and restricted stock to employees, directors and consultants. The total number of shares currently reserved for grants under the 2009 Plan is 800,000. Restricted stock grants under the Plan may not exceed 200,000 shares in the aggregate. The number of shares available for issuance under the 2009 Plan is reduced by the sum of the number of shares (a) issued upon exercise of options granted pursuant to the Company’s 1999 Stock Option Plan (the “1999 Plan”) and (b) issuable upon exercise of outstanding options granted under the 1999 Plan. As options granted under the 1999 Plan are forfeited or terminated, the number of options available for grant under the 2009 Plan increase (but may not exceed 800,000 in the aggregate). Restricted stock grants under the 1999 Plan have no impact on the availability of restricted stock grants under the 2009 Plan.
As of June 30, 2012, 318,487 options were outstanding, of which 188,987 and 129,500 had been granted under our 1999 and 2009 Plans, respectively, and of which 216,720 are currently exercisable. In January 2012, the Company granted 15,000 options to the President of its Loscalzo division. The exercise price of the grant is $1.80 per share. These options vest one-third each year and expire ten years from date of issuance. Restricted stock grants outstanding as of June 30, 2012 totaled 54,222, none of which had vested. All of these outstanding restricted stock grants were made under the 2009 Plan. As of June

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30, 2012, 298,125 shares are available under the 2009 Plan, of which 129,055 shares are available for restricted stock grants. All stock options granted under the 2009 Plan are granted with an exercise price equal to or greater than the fair market value of the Common Stock at the grant date. Employee and director stock options generally expire 10 years from the grant date and have various vesting periods. Restricted stock awards generally vest over a period of three to five years. Unvested shares and options are subject to forfeiture unless certain time and/or performance requirements are satisfied.
Current accounting standards permit the use of a valuation model to calculate the fair value of stock-based awards. The Company has elected to use the Black-Scholes-Merton (BSM) option-pricing model, which incorporates various assumptions including volatility, expected life, interest rates and dividend yields. The expected volatility is based on the historic volatility of the Common Stock over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected life of the Company’s stock options, adjusted for the impact of unusual fluctuations not reasonably expected to recur. The expected life of an award is based on historical experience and on the terms and conditions of the stock awards granted to employees and directors. The Company has recorded stock-based compensation expense of approximately $27,000 and $59,000 for the three-month and six-months periods ended June 30, 2012 and $34,000 and $61,000 for the three-month and six-months periods ended June 30, 2011.
The assumptions used for the six-month period ended June 30, 2012, and the resulting estimates of weighted-average fair value of options granted during those periods are as follows:
Expected life (years)
3-6 Years

Risk-free interest rate
0.4%-1.13%

Expected volatility
40.0
%
Expected dividend
$
0.05

Weighted-average fair value of options during the period
$
0.62

The following table represents our stock options granted, exercised and forfeited for the six months ended June 30, 2012:
Stock Options
 
Number
of Shares
 
Weighted Average
Exercise Price per
Share
 
Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
Outstanding January 1, 2012
 
334,587

 
$
3.14

 
6.54

Granted
 
15,000

 
$
1.80

 
9.50

Exercised
 
—

 
—

 
—

Forfeited/expired
 
(31,100
)
 
$
2.43

 
1.09

Outstanding at June 30, 2012
 
318,487

 
$
3.15

 
6.92

Exercisable at June 30, 2012
 
216,720

 
$
3.70

 
5.38


Note 4. Income Taxes
The Company recognizes a deferred tax asset available from its temporary differences between net income before taxes as reported on its financial statement and net income for tax purposes, increased by net operating loss carryforwards, which begin to expire in 2023. The Company has recorded a deferred tax asset of $1,871,000 at June 30, 2012 which is partially offset by a valuation reserve in the amount of $581,000. For the six months ended June 30, 2012, the Company recorded a current income tax benefit of $255,000 principally attributable to its net loss for the current period which is expected to be utilized against taxable income generated in future quarterly periods in 2012. The Company does not have any uncertain income tax positions that would require disclosure under the Accounting Standards Codification.

Note 5. Stockholders’ Equity
During 2012, the Company has purchased 88,470 shares of its common stock for approximately $175,000. It has available approximately $388,000 under its November 2011 stock buy-back program for the purchase of additional shares of its common stock. The buy-back program expires in November 2012.
Note 6. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In July 2012, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued an amendment to Topic 350-Intangibles-Goodwill and Other. This amendment is intended to simplify how entities test indefinite lived intangible assets for impairment.

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The amendment permits an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative impairment test described in Topic 350. No further testing is required if the qualitative factors indicate that it is not more likely than not that the indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired. This amendment is effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012. The Company does not expect this amendment to have any significant impact on the current year.
Note 7. Subsequent Events
On July 2, 2012, the Company granted to one of its employees 7000 restricted shares of its Common Stock, from the 2009 Plan. The stock vests three years from date of grant and the value of the stock at the date of the grant was $1.98 per share.
On August 7, 2012, the Company's board of directors declared a dividend of $.0125 per common share payable on October 5, 2012 to shareholders of record as of September 19, 2012.


Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report. Some of the statements in this discussion and elsewhere in this report constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. See “Forward-Looking Statements” following the Table of Contents of this report. Because this discussion involves risk and uncertainties, our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements.
The terms “we,” “our,” “us,” or any derivative thereof, as used in this report refer to SmartPros Ltd., a Delaware corporation, its subsidiaries and its predecessors.

Overview
We provide learning solutions for accounting/finance, legal, insurance, securities and engineering professionals – five large vertical markets with mandatory continuing education requirements – as well as for banking and information technology professionals. We also provide corporate governance, ethics and compliance training for the general corporate market. In June 2012, we acquired from Global Collaboration Partners (GCP), content consisting of web-based training in the human resources and health and safety areas. We offer off-the-shelf courses and custom-designed programs with delivery methods suited to the specific needs of our clients. Through Loscalzo Associates Ltd. (“Loscalzo”), one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, and our Executive Enterprise Institute (“EEI”) product line within our Accounting division, we are a leading provider of live training to accountants and financial professionals. These courses are delivered through various state CPA societies, accounting firms, corporations or through seminars, Webinars and conferences that they conduct. Our customers include professional firms of all sizes, and a large number of businesses.
We measure our operations using both financial and other metrics. The financial metrics include revenues, gross margins, operating expenses and income from continuing operations. Other key metrics include (i) revenues by sales source, (ii) online sales, (iii) cash flows and (iv) EBITDA.
Some of the most significant trends affecting our business are the following:
•
the increasing recognition by professionals and their employers of the importance of continuing professional education in order to maintain their licenses, remain current on new developments and best practices, develop and improve their skills and to generally remain competitive;
•
continuing professional education requirements by governing bodies, including states and professional associations;
•
the continual issuance of new laws and regulations affecting the conduct of business and the relationship between employers and their employees;
•
the increased competition in today’s economy for skilled employees and the recognition that effective training can be used to recruit and train employees; and
•
the development and acceptance of the Internet as a delivery channel for the types of products and services we offer.
Over the last five years, our annual net revenues grew from $12.5 million to a high of $19.3 million in 2009 and

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dropped to $17 million in 2011. We believe the decline in revenues from 2009 to 2011 was primarily due to general economic conditions. The overall growth in net revenues through 2009 was due in large part to the acquisitions of companies, assets and product lines that we completed between 2006 and 2009. We continue to believe that our growth will be through acquisitions, the development of new products and the re-packaging and cross selling of our existing libraries to the various markets we serve.
While our subscription-based revenue in general has not fluctuated much from quarter to quarter or year to year, we have experienced a decline in revenue from live training programs and from custom-designed projects, which has adversely impacted our operating results. We believe that this trend is primarily due to current economic conditions, competition and consolidations in various industries. However, we believe that our subscription based products provide a cost-effective means for many companies to provide continuing education for their employees. We are constantly seeking both new markets and new ways to market our products. As we expand our product offerings and the content of our various libraries, we are able to offer more products to the same consumer through cross-selling. We also recognize that we will most likely need to invest more money in our sales infrastructure and outbound marketing budgets to drive net revenue.
Business acquisitions or strategic asset purchases are our preferred strategy to increase the breadth and depth of our current product offerings. Unless there are other compelling reasons, we will only consider acquisitions that we believe will be accretive within the first year of ownership. Ultimately, however, our goal is to maximize shareholder value rather than short-term profits. The size of the acquisitions will be determined, in part, by the amount of capital available to us and the liquidity and price of our stock. We may use debt to enhance or augment our ability to consummate larger transactions. We cannot assure that we will be able to identify appropriate acquisition opportunities or negotiate reasonable terms or that any acquired business or assets will deliver the shareholder value that we anticipated at the outset.
In 2011, we announced the formal launch of our new SmartPros eCampus (eCampus) Learning Management System, a robust platform and toolset for managing and deploying corporate training and accredited continuing education programs in multiple formats. This product will help drive opportunities with both existing and new clients. It can also be licensed as a stand-alone-offering to companies of all sizes who are looking for a cost-effective cloud based LMS. In addition, we are developing technology so that our content may be used on iPads, tablets and other similar devices.
There are many risks involved with acquisitions, some of which are discussed in Item 1 of Part 1 under the caption “Certain Risk Factors That May Affect Our Growth and Profitability” of our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011. These risks include seasonality of revenues, integrating the acquired business into our existing operations and corporate structure, retaining key employees and minimizing disruptions to our existing business.
Our common stock trades on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “SPRO.”

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our consolidated financial statements that have been prepared according to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. In preparing these financial statements, we are required to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. We evaluate these estimates on an ongoing basis. We base these estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We consider the following accounting policies to be the most important to the portrayal of our financial condition.
Revenue recognition
A large portion of our revenue is in the form of subscription fees for our monthly accounting update programs or access to our library of accounting, financial services training and legal courses. Other sources of revenue include direct sales of programs or courses on a non-subscription basis or from various forms of live training, fees for Web site design, software development, video production, course design and development and ongoing maintenance fees from our client’s use of eCampus or our Smartpros' Professional Education Center (“PEC”), our proprietary learning management systems. Subscriptions are billed on an annual basis, payable in advance and deferred at the time of billing. Sales made over the Internet are by credit card only. Renewals are usually sent out 60 days before the subscription period ends. Larger transactions are usually dealt with by contract, the financial terms of which depend on the services being provided. Contracts for development and production services typically provide for a significant upfront payment and a series of payments based on deliverables specifically identified in the contract.
Revenue from subscription services are recognized as earned, deferred at the time of billing or payment and amortized into revenue on a monthly basis over the term of the subscription. Engineering products are non-subscription based and revenue

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is recognized upon shipment of the product or, in the case of online sales, payment. Revenue from non-subscription services provided to customers, such as Web site design, video production, consulting services and custom projects is generally recognized on a proportional performance basis where sufficient information relating to project status and other supporting documentation is available. The contracts may have different billing arrangements resulting in either unbilled or deferred revenue. We obtain either a signed agreement or purchase order from our non-subscription customers outlining the terms and conditions of the sale or service to be provided. Otherwise, these services are recognized as revenue after completion and delivery to the customer. Duplication and related services are generally recognized upon shipment or, if later, when our obligations are complete and realization of receivable amounts is assured.
Revenue from live training is recognized when the seminar or conference is completed. These are usually one to three day events.
Impairment of long-lived assets
We review long-lived assets and certain intangible assets at least annually or when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recovered.
Stock-based compensation
Compensation costs are recognized in the financial statements for stock options or grants awarded to employees and directors. Options and warrants granted to non-employees are recorded as an expense at the date of grant based on the then estimated fair value of the stock-based instrument granted.
Segment accounting
All of our operations constitute a single segment, that of educational services. Revenues from non-educational services, such as video production are not a material part of our operating income.
          Income taxes
We account for deferred tax assets available principally from our fixed and intangible assets and our net operating loss carryforwards in accordance with the Accounting Standards Codification. We make significant estimates and assumptions in calculating our current period income tax liability and deferred tax assets. The most significant of these are estimates regarding future period earnings. Our net deferred tax asset is estimated by management using a five-year taxable income projection.

Results of Operations
Our operating results for the second quarter of 2012 as compared to the second quarter of 2011, reflected significant decreases in revenues, resulting in both increased operating and net losses. Net revenues from our core subscription products have remained fairly stable, while net revenues from usage, live training and custom work declined, a result of, we believe, the lingering effects of the recession and competitive factors. In addition, an industry-wide slow-down in live-training attendance has adversely affected some areas of our live training business. To address these market conditions, we continue to seek to acquire either content in new or complimentary markets or additional content, increase our sales force and reduce expenses where appropriate. As previously mentioned, in June 2012, we acquired from GCP, content in the human resources and health and safety areas markets that we previously did not serve. We also entered into an agreement in June 2012, with Villanova University to market and distribute their Online Professional Engineering Review Course, "Power for Electrical Engineers", with over 100 hours of online content. In addition, several of our divisions have signed agreements for work that have either been delayed or extended at the request of the client.
Comparison of three months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011
We recorded a $877,000, or 17%, decrease in net revenues in the 2012 period compared to the 2011 period. Despite the significant cuts we made in direct expenses during 2011, our gross profit margin decreased from 59% to 54%, as the decreased revenues could not totally absorb all of the costs, such as payroll and related expenses. Due to lower revenues, our gross profit decreased $723,000, from $3.02 million in the 2011 period to $2.29 million in the 2012 period. Operating results for the 2012 period were impacted by decreases in revenues from all of our divisions, as we continue to see the lingering effects of a sluggish economy. General and administrative expenses were approximately $79,000 lower in the 2012 period as compared to the 2011 period. We continue to believe that these fluctuations in revenues from period to period are not fully indicative of any long-term expectations from all of our divisions. Although, we continue to see a decline in custom work, we do see growth potential in our content-based businesses in the various verticals that we service. Custom work is non-repetitive and subject to market conditions and can vary from quarter to quarter. We also experienced a decrease in our live training divisions due to a number of factors, such as decreased attendance at State sponsored seminars. The ongoing delays in the issuance of new accounting pronouncements as well as the continual delays in the convergence of US GAAP with international accounting

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standards have also contributed to the reduced revenue. The live training business primarily recognizes its revenues in the second through fourth quarters of the year.
Online revenues, which previously were primarily derived from the sales of accounting/finance products, continues to be an important factor to our net revenues. Many of our other products, including our Cognistar Legal library, our Financial Campus courses and our technology training products, are also delivered online and also are significant generators of net revenues. Approximately 43% of our current period net revenues were derived from online products.
The following table compares our statement of operations data for the three-months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011. The trends suggested by this table may not be indicative of future operating results, which will depend on various factors including the relative mix of products sold (accounting/finance, law, engineering, financial services, sales training – product, technology or compliance and ethics) and the method of sale (video or online) as well as the timing of custom project work, which can vary from quarter to quarter. In addition, our operating results in future periods may also be affected by acquisitions.
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
Change
Net revenues
$
4,242,873

 
100.0
 %
 
$
5,120,023

 
100.0
 %
 
(17.1
)%
Cost of revenues
1,951,121

 
46.0
 %
 
2,104,947

 
41.1
 %
 
(7.3
)%
Gross profit
2,291,752

 
54.0
 %
 
3,015,076

 
58.9
 %
 
(24.0
)%
Selling, general and administrative
2,123,363

 
50.0
 %
 
2,202,222

 
43.0
 %
 
(3.6
)%
Depreciation and amortization
272,127

 
6.4
 %
 
317,938

 
6.2
 %
 
(14.4
)%
Total operating expenses
2,395,490

 
56.4
 %
 
2,520,160

 
49.2
 %
 
(4.9
)%
Operating (loss) income
(103,738
)
 
(2.4
)%
 
494,916

 
9.7
 %
 
(121.0
)%
Other income (loss), net
2,582

 
—
 %
 
(3,353
)
 
—
 %
 
(177.0
)%
Net (loss) income before income tax
(101,156
)
 
(2.4
)%
 
491,563

 
9.6
 %
 
(120.6
)%
Benefit (provision) for income taxes
25,000

 
0.6
 %
 
(175,000
)
 
(3.4
)%
 
(114.3
)%
Net (loss) income
$
(76,156
)
 
(1.8
)%
 
$
316,563

 
6.2
 %
 
(124.1
)%

Net revenues
The decrease in net revenues reflected above was primarily due to: (i) a $589,000 decrease in net revenues from our Accounting/Finance division; (ii) a $17,000 decrease in net revenues from our Engineering division; (iii) a $54,000 decrease in net revenues from our SmartPros Legal and Ethics subsidiary; (iv) a $164,000 decrease in revenues from our Financial Services division; and (v) a $64,000 decrease in revenues form our Skye subsidiary, offset by an $11,000 increase in revenues from our other divisions. Under our long-standing policy, revenue is credited to the originating department regardless of the type of service that is performed. For example, a contract to convert videotapes to digital format is credited to the Accounting/Finance division if that is where the sale originated, even if the project has nothing to do with accounting.
In the second quarter of 2012, net revenues from the Accounting/Finance division were approximately $3.5 million, or 81% of net revenues, compared to $4.0 million, or 79% of net revenues, in the comparable 2011 period. Net revenues from subscription-based products and direct sales of course material on a non-subscription basis were $1.8 million and $2.1 million in the 2012 and 2011 periods, respectively. Net revenues from other projects in our Accounting/Finance division that are not subscription based were relatively constant from 2011 to 2012, while live-training revenue decreased by $313,000 in the 2012 period from the 2011 period. Non-subscription-based revenues fluctuate from period to period and are not indicative of any trends. In the 2012 period, net revenues from online sales of accounting products decreased by approximately $271,000 in the 2012 period as compared to the 2011 period, as a result of decreased usage sold on a non-subscription basis. Net revenues from our Loscalzo live training subsidiary decreased $156,000 in the 2012 period compared to the 2011 period primarily due to timing differences in some of it seminars, some of which have been rescheduled to future periods. Our EEI live training division's revenues were $729,000 in the 2012 period as compared to $886,000 in 2011 period, a decrease of $157,000. EEI's live training business is seasonal and its revenues are primarily earned in the second and fourth calendar quarters. We also eliminated some of the poorer performing programs which contributed to the reduced revenues. To counteract the lack of new accounting pronouncements, EEI has introduced new products and services to its clients such as Continuing Professional Education (CPE) administration.
For the three-months ended June 30, 2012, Skye generated net revenues of $202,000 compared to $266,000 in the

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second quarter of 2011. Skye’s income is derived primarily from designing custom training projects and, as such, varies from quarter to quarter. Although, there is competitive pressure from both domestic and foreign sources, especially in pricing, we believe the decrease in Skye’s net revenue is not indicative of any long-term trends. Businesses are continuing to evaluate these types of services and products and their cost effectiveness. We are seeing more requests for proposals and often contracts are signed but the work does begin for a period of time thereafter. Skye is currently working on the introduction of new products and continues to market its iReflect product developed in a joint venture.
Our Financial Services Training division generated $276,000 of net revenues in the quarter ended June 30, 2012. For the quarter ended June 30, 2011, this division generated $440,000 of net revenues. The decrease is due primarily from reduced subscription-based revenues. However, this division has approximately $160,000 in deferred revenue primarily from uncompleted custom work that it anticipates completing in 2012.
For the quarter ended June 30, 2012, SLE had net revenues of $158,000 compared to net revenues of $212,000 for the comparable 2011 quarter. For the 2012 period, $69,000 of SLE’s net revenues was generated by the Working Values Ethics and Compliance division, and $89,000 was generated by the Cognistar Legal division, as compared to $100,000 and $112,000, respectively, in the 2011 period. Net revenues generated by the Working Values Ethics and Compliance division are derived primarily from custom consulting work and can fluctuate from period to period based on a number of factors. The Cognistar Legal division derives its revenue primarily from prepaid usage and direct sales of its courses.
Our Engineering division generated $127,000 of net revenues in the second quarter of 2012 compared to $144,000 in the second quarter of 2011. The decrease is primarily a result of timing differences in the placement of orders from customers, the timing of the licensing exams and the need to rewrite some of our courses. Sales of our engineering products are not subscription based. We now include our information technology product, Watch-IT's revenues in the engineering division.
Net revenues generated by our other divisions, which consist of video production and duplication and consulting in the second quarter of 2012 were $29,000. In comparison, these divisions recorded $18,000 of net revenue for the second quarter of 2011.
Cost of revenues
Cost of revenues includes: (i) production costs – i.e., the salaries, benefits and other costs related to personnel, whether our employees or independent contractors, who are used directly in production, including producing our educational programs and/or upgrading our technology; (ii) royalties paid to third parties; (iii) the cost of materials, such as DVD’s and packaging supplies; (iv) costs related to live training; and (v) shipping and other costs. There are many different types of expenses that are characterized as production costs and many of them vary from period to period depending on many factors. Generally, subscription based products have higher profit margins than non-subscription based products and online sales have higher profit margins than sales involving physically delivery of DVD’s and written materials.
Our gross profit margins for the three-months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 decreased from 59% in the 2011 period to 54% in the 2012 period, primarily due to the decrease in revenues. We have made numerous reductions in salaries and related costs and outsourced labor, and as such our expense decreased from $2.1 million in 2011 to $1.95 million in the 2012 period. However, there are certain costs, such as payroll and related costs that were not totally absorbed by our decreased revenues. We also devote a significant amount of internal and external resources to develop new products and to re-tool existing products and technology. The cost of software modifications and updates get charged to expense as incurred.
 
•
Outside labor and direct production costs. Outside labor includes the cost of hiring actors and production personnel such as directors, producers and cameramen and the outsourcing of non-video technology. The cost of such outside labor, which is primarily video production and technology personnel, decreased $80,000. This decrease is primarily related to reduced custom work. Direct production costs, which are costs related to producing videos, courses, custom projects or live instruction and includes such costs as renting equipment and locations and the use of live instructors for either teaching or developing the courses, decreased $3,000. We also continue to expend significant sums updating and introducing new courses in our live training programs. The variation in direct production costs are related to the type of production and other projects and do not reflect any trends in our business. As our business grows we may be required to hire additional production personnel, increasing our cost of revenues. Our course libraries are constantly requiring updates as there are always changes.
•
Royalties. Royalty expense decreased by $35,000 in the three-months ended June 30, 2012, compared to the corresponding period in 2011. Royalty expense varies from period to period based on sales and usage of our various products. Royalty expense is primarily driven by our accounting course catalog and our engineering product sales. Generally, royalties are paid twice per year and are calculated based on a number of factors, not all of which are

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available to us on a monthly, or even a quarterly basis. Accordingly, a substantial portion of our royalty expense for the quarter is estimated.
•
Salaries. Overall, payroll and related costs attributable to production personnel decreased by $47,000, after capitalizing some costs during the period. Almost all of the decrease is attributable to reduced personnel costs as a result of decreased business. We have also replaced some payroll with outsourced technology services.
•
Other production related costs. These are other costs directly related to the production of our products or the costs related to live training such as purchases of materials, cost of venues, travel, shipping, and other. These costs were relatively constant in both periods at approximately $435,000.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses include corporate overhead, such as compensation and benefits for administrative, sales and marketing and finance personnel, rent, insurance, professional fees, travel and entertainment and office expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the 2012 period decreased by approximately $79,000, or 3.6%, compared to the 2011 period. This decrease is primarily attributable to reduced payroll and related costs and a reduction in marketing and promotional expenses.
Compensation expense in the 2012 period decreased by $10,000 compared to the 2011 period. We had 48 and 51 full-time general and administrative employees at June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The decrease in costs is primarily from reduced headcount. In addition, compensation expense includes stock based compensation expense of $27,000 for the 2012 period and $34,000 for the 2011 period, a decrease of approximately $7,000.
Our other selling, general and administrative costs, exclusive of compensation costs, decreased by $69,000, as we reduced expenditures for marketing and promotion. We make every effort to control our costs, and we can only anticipate that some selling, general and administrative expenses, such as web-bandwidth, insurance, travel and other costs may increase.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased by approximately $46,000 in the second quarter of 2012 compared to the second quarter of 2011 as some of the assets acquired in prior acquisitions are now fully amortized. We expect our depreciation and amortization expense on our fixed and intangible assets to be less in the current year. In addition, we capitalize internal costs for the development of new courses and other technology, as incurred. We continually replace and add to our computer and other equipment as it ages and as additional equipment is needed to accommodate growth.
Operating loss
For the three-months ended June 30, 2012, the operating loss was approximately $104,000 compared to an operating income of approximately $495,000 in the corresponding 2011 period, primarily a result of decreased revenues.
Other income/expense, net
Other income and expense items consist of interest earned on deposits and the net loss from our iReflect joint venture. We have no debt other than trade payables and accrued liabilities. For the second quarters of 2012 we had net other income of $2,600 as compared to a net loss of $3,400 in the 2011 period. The loss from our 50% interest in the iReflect joint venture was $5,500 in the current period compared to $5,300 in the 2011 period.
Income taxes
For the current period, we recorded a $25,000 income tax benefit, as compared to a current provision for income taxes in the 2011 period of $175,000.
Net loss
For the three-months ended June 30, 2012 we recorded a net loss of approximately $76,000, or a loss of $.02 per share basic and diluted. For the comparable period in 2011 we recorded net income of approximately $317,000, or $0.06 per share, basic and diluted.
Comparison of six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011
We recorded a $924,000, or 11%, decrease in net revenues in the 2012 period compared to the 2011 period. Despite the significant cuts we made in direct expenses during 2011, the decrease in revenues resulted in our gross profit margin decreasing from 57.7% to 54.6%. Our gross profit decreased $759,000, from $4.72 million in the 2011 period to $3.96 million in the 2012 period. Operating results for the 2012 period were impacted by a decrease in all of our revenues. In addition,

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general and administrative expenses were approximately $140,000 lower in the 2012 period as compared to the 2011 period.
Online revenues, continue to be an important factor to our net revenues. In addition to our on-line accounting and finance products, many of our other products, including our Cognistar Legal library, our Financial Campus courses and our technology training products, are also delivered online and also are significant generators of net revenues. Approximately 39% of our current period net revenues were derived from online products.
The following table compares our statement of operations data for the six-months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011. The trends suggested by this table may not be indicative of future operating results, which will depend on various factors including the relative mix of products sold (accounting/finance, law, engineering, financial services, sales training – product, technology or compliance and ethics) and the method of sale (video or online) as well as the timing of custom project work, which can vary from quarter to quarter. In addition, our operating results in future periods may also be affected by acquisitions.
 
Six months ended June 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
Amount
 
Percentage
 
Change
Net revenues
$
7,251,068

 
100.0
 %
 
$
8,174,619

 
100.0
 %
 
(11.3
)%
Cost of revenues
3,293,218

 
45.4
 %
 
3,457,705

 
42.3
 %
 
(4.8
)%
Gross profit
3,957,850

 
54.6
 %
 
4,716,914

 
57.7
 %
 
(16.1
)%
Selling, general and administrative
4,174,419

 
57.6
 %
 
4,314,780

 
52.8
 %
 
(3.3
)%
Depreciation and amortization
544,346

 
7.5
 %
 
575,510

 
7.0
 %
 
(5.4
)%
Total operating expenses
4,718,765

 
65.1
 %
 
4,890,290

 
59.8
 %
 
(3.5
)%
Operating loss
(760,915
)
 
(10.5
)%
 
(173,376
)
 
(2.1
)%
 
338.9
 %
Other income (loss), net
8,167

 
(0.1
)%
 
(4,449
)
 
(0.1
)%
 
(283.6
)%
Net loss before income tax
(752,748
)
 
(10.4
)%
 
(177,825
)
 
(2.2
)%
 
323.3
 %
Benefit from income taxes
253,353

 
3.5
 %
 
65,000

 
0.8
 %
 
289.8
 %
Net loss
$
(499,395
)
 
(6.9
)%
 
$
(112,825
)
 
(1.4
)%
 
342.6
 %

Net revenues
The decrease in net revenues reflected above was primarily due to: (i) a $546,000 decrease in accounting revenues (ii) a $194,000 decrease in net revenues from our Skye subsidiary; (iii) a $21,000 decrease in net revenues from our Engineering division; (iv) a $77,000 decrease in net revenues from our SmartPros Legal and Ethics subsidiary; and (v) an $86,000 decrease in revenues from our Financial Services division. Under our long-standing policy, revenue is credited to the originating department regardless of the type of service that is performed.
In the first half of 2012, net revenues from the Accounting/Finance division were $5.6 million, or 77% of net revenues, compared to $6.1 million, or 75% of net revenues, in the comparable 2011 period. Net revenues from subscription-based products and direct sales of course material on a non-subscription basis were approximately $3.7 million and $4.0 million in the 2012 and 2011 periods, respectively. Net revenues from other projects in our Accounting/Finance division that are not subscription based were $43,000 greater in the 2012 period as compared to the 2011 period. Live-training revenues decreased by $287,000 in the 2012 period from the 2011 period. Non-subscription-based revenues fluctuate from period to period and are not indicative of any trends. In the 2012 period, net revenues from online sales of accounting products decreased by approximately $188,000, as compared to the 2011 period, primarily as a result of lower usage of courses sold on a non-subscription basis. Net revenues from our Loscalzo live training subsidiary decreased $111,000 in the 2012 period compared to the 2011 period primarily due to timing differences in scheduling and lower attendance at some seminars. Our EEI live training division generated $744,000 in revenue in the 2012 period as compared to $920,000 in 2011 period. EEI's live training business is seasonal and its revenues are primarily earned in the second and fourth calendar quarters. EEI also eliminated some poorly attended conferences resulting in lower revenues. EEI has introduced new products and services to its clients such as Continuing Professional Education (CPE) administration.
For the six-months ended June 30, 2012, Skye generated net revenues of $342,000 compared to $536,000 in the comparable period of 2011. Skye’s income is derived primarily from designing custom training projects and, as such, varies from period to period. As noted above, business organizations are continuing to study these types of products and their cost effectiveness. As economic conditions improve we are seeing more requests for proposals. Skye is currently working on the introduction of new products and continues to market its iReflect product developed in a joint venture.

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Our Financial Services Training division generated $713,000 of net revenues in the six-month period ended June 30, 2012. For the period ended June 30, 2011, this division generated $799,000 of net revenues. The decrease is due primarily from reduced subscription-based revenues. However, this division has approximately $160,000 in deferred revenue primarily from uncompleted custom work that it anticipates completing in 2012.
For the six-months ended June 30, 2012, SLE had net revenues of $267,000 compared to net revenues of $344,000 for the comparable 2011 quarter. For the 2012 period, $106,000 of SLE’s net revenues was generated by the Working Values Ethics and Compliance division, and $161,000 was generated by the Cognistar Legal division, as compared to $161,000 and $193,000, respectively, in the 2011 period. Net revenues generated by the Working Values Ethics and Compliance division are derived primarily from custom consulting work and can fluctuate from period to period based on a number of factors. The Cognistar Legal division derives its revenue primarily from prepaid usage and direct sales of its courses.
Our Engineering division generated $271,000 of net revenues in the first six-months of 2012 compared to $292,000 in the 2011 period. The decrease is primarily a result of timing differences in the placement of orders from customers, the timing of the licensing exams and the need to rewrite some of our courses. Sales of our engineering products are not subscription based. Sales of our Watch IT information technology program are now included in the revenues of our engineering division.
Net revenues generated by our other divisions, which consist of video production and duplication and consulting were constant in the two periods.
Cost of revenues
Cost of revenues includes: (i) production costs – i.e., the salaries, benefits and other costs related to personnel, whether our employees or independent contractors, who are used directly in production, including producing our educational programs and/or upgrading our technology; (ii) royalties paid to third parties; (iii) the cost of materials, such as DVD’s and packaging supplies; (iv) costs related to live training; and (v) shipping and other costs. There are many different types of expenses that are characterized as production costs and many of them vary from period to period depending on many factors. Generally, subscription based products have higher profit margins than non-subscription based products and online sales have higher profit margins than sales involving physically delivery of DVD’s and written materials.
Our gross profit margins for the six-months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 decreased from 57.7% in the 2011 period to 54.6% in the current period. Although we made substantial reductions in overhead in 2011, the decrease in revenues could not totally absorb all of the costs, such as payroll and related expenses. We have reduced the amount of outsourcing for some of our technology projects. We also devote a significant amount of internal and external resources to develop new products and to re-tool existing products and technology. The cost of software modifications and updates get charged to expense as incurred.
Cost of revenues decreased by approximately $164,000 in the 2012 period compared to the 2011 period.
•
Outside labor and direct production costs. Outside labor includes the cost of hiring actors and production personnel such as directors, producers and cameramen and the outsourcing of non-video technology. The cost of such outside labor, which is primarily video production and technology personnel, decreased $80,000. This increase is primarily related to Webinars that we are doing in 2012. Direct production costs, which are costs related to producing videos, courses, custom projects or live instruction and includes such costs as renting equipment and locations and the use of live instructors for either teaching or developing the courses, decreased $3,000. The decrease is primarily attributable to our live training business as we had reduced the number of seminars in the first half of 2012 as compared to 2011.
The variation in direct production costs are related to the type of production and other projects and do not reflect any trends in our business. As our business grows we may be required to hire additional production personnel, increasing our cost of revenues. Our course libraries are constantly requiring updates as there are always changes.
•
Royalties. Royalty expense decreased by $35,000 in the six-months ended June 30, 2012, compared to the corresponding 2011. Royalty expense varies from period to period based on sales and usage of our various products. Royalty expense is primarily driven by our accounting course catalog and our engineering product sales. Generally, royalties are paid twice per year and are calculated based on a number of factors, not all of which are available to us on a monthly, or even a quarterly basis. Accordingly, a substantial portion of our royalty expense for the quarter is estimated.
•
Salaries. Overall, payroll and related costs attributable to production personnel decreased by approximately $47,000 in the 2012 period as compared to the 2011 period.
•
Other production related costs. These are other costs directly related to the production of our products or the

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costs related to live training such as purchases of materials, cost of venues, travel, shipping, and other. These costs were also relatively constant at approximately $485,000 in both periods.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses include corporate overhead, such as compensation and benefits for administrative, sales and marketing and finance personnel, rent, insurance, professional fees, travel and entertainment and office expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the 2012 period decreased by approximately $141,000, or 3.3%, compared to the 2011 period. This decrease is primarily attributable to reduced payroll and related costs, and a reduction in marketing and promotional expenses.
Compensation expense in the 2012 period decreased by $57,000 compared to the 2011 period. The decrease in costs is from savings in management salaries from our Loscalzo subsidiary and the reduced headcount. In addition, compensation expense includes stock based compensation expense of $59,000 for the 2012 period and $61,000 for the 2011 period, a decrease of approximately $2,000.
Our other selling, general and administrative costs, exclusive of compensation costs, decreased by $84,000. We make every effort to control our costs, and we can only anticipate that some selling, general and administrative expenses, such as insurance, travel and other costs may increase. In addition, to counter the decrease in revenues we have added additional sales personnel and the company that we outsource our customer service to has now added personnel to exclusively sell our product. This company is managed by a former Smartpros' vice-president of sales.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased by approximately $31,000 in the first six-months of 2012 compared to the first six-months of 2011 as some of the assets acquired in prior acquisitions are now fully amortized. Due to this we expect our depreciation and amortization expense on our fixed and intangible assets to be less in the current year. In addition, we capitalize internal costs for the development of new courses and other technology, as incurred. We continually replace and add to our computer and other equipment as it ages and as additional equipment is needed to accommodate growth.
Operating loss
For the six-months ended June 30, 2012, the operating loss was approximately $761,000 compared to an operating loss of approximately $173,000 in the corresponding 2011 period, primarily a result of lower revenues.
Other income/expense, net
Other income and expense items consist of interest earned on deposits and the net loss from our iReflect joint venture. We have no debt other than trade payables and accrued liabilities. For the first six-months of 2012 we had net other income of approximately $8,200 as compared to a net loss of approximately $4,400 in the comparable 2011 period. The loss from our 50% interest in the iReflect joint venture was $5,875 in the current period compared to $9,175 in the 2011 period.
Income taxes
For the current period, we recorded a current income tax benefit of $253,353, after recording $1,647 for state income taxes as compared to a benefit for income taxes in the 2011 period of $65,000.
Net loss
For the six-months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, we recorded a net loss of approximately $499,000 and $113,000, respectively, or $0.11 and $.02 per share, basic and diluted, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
At June 30, 2012, we had no long-term debt.
Our working capital as of June 30, 2012 was approximately $2.2 million compared to $2.8 million at December 31, 2011. Our current ratio at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 was 1.37 to 1 and 1.48 to 1, respectively. The current ratio is derived by dividing current assets by current liabilities and is a measure used by lending sources to assess our ability to repay short-term liabilities. The largest component of our current liabilities is deferred revenue, which was $4.9 million at June 30, 2012 and $4.6 million at December 31, 2011.
At June 30, 2012, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $5.83 million. For the six-months ended June 30, 2012, we reported a net decrease in cash and cash equivalents of approximately $453,000 that includes approximately $155,000

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of cash provided by operating activities, approximately $312,000 of cash used in investing activities and approximately $296,000 used in financing activities. The primary components of our operating cash flows are net income or loss adjusted for non-cash expenses, such as depreciation and amortization stock-based compensation and deferred and current income taxes, and the changes in our operating assets and liabilities, such as accounts receivable, accounts payable and deferred revenues.
At June 30, 2012, we had approximately $1.8 million in receivables and $980,000 in payables and accrued expenses, as compared to $1.87 million of receivables and $1.05 million in payables at December 31, 2011.
In November 2011, the Company's board of directors voted to extend our stock buy back program through November 8, 2012, and increased the funds available to purchase shares of our common stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market to $750,000. As of June 30, 2012, approximately $388,000 was available for the purchase of common stock.
For the 2012 period, net cash used in investing activities was approximately $312,000, which included capital expenditures of approximately $212,000, consisting primarily of computer equipment and software purchases of $119,000, $34,000 for course development and $59,000 for capitalized software, as compared to approximately $543,000 expended in the first six-months of 2011. We also acquired course content during the period for approximately $90,000 and made a capital investment in our iReflect joint venture of $10,000. We anticipate that our capital expenditures for the remainder of 2012 will be substantially lower in 2012 as compared to 2011, as we have completed capitalizing the cost of our new LMS. We continually upgrade our technology hardware and, as such, we anticipate additional capital expenditures relating to equipment purchases over the next 12 months.
Cash used in financing activities for the six month period reflects dividends paid of approximately $121,000 and the purchase of our common stock of approximately $175,000. On August 7, 2012, the board of directors declared a dividend of $.0125 per common share payable on October 5, 2012 to shareholders of record as of September 19, 2012.
We believe that our current cash balances together with cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure requirements for the next 12 months.
In the future, we may issue additional debt or equity securities to satisfy our cash needs. Any debt incurred may be secured or unsecured, bear interest at a fixed or variable rate and may contain other terms and conditions that we deem are reasonable under the circumstances existing at the time. Any sales of equity securities may be at or below current market prices. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in generating sufficient capital to adequately fund our needs.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Risk Disclosures About Market Risk
As a smaller reporting company we are not required to provide the information required by this Item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report (the “Evaluation Date”). Based upon that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2012 covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II
OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We are not a party to any material legal proceeding not in the ordinary course of business at this time.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

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None.
Company Purchases of its Equity Securities
On November 8, 2011, the Company's board of directors voted to extend the stock buy back program through November 8, 2012, and replenished the funds reserved to purchase shares of our common stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market to $750,000. During the six month period ended June 30, 2012, the Company purchased 88,570 shares of its common stock for $174,789. As of June 30, 2012, $387,654 was available for repurchase under the program.    


ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Period
 
(a) Total Number of Shares (or units) Purchased
 
(b)
Average
Price Paid
per Share
(or Unit)
 
(c)
Total Number
of Shares (or
Units)
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced
Plans or
Programs
 
(d)
Maximum Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares (or Units)
that May Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Plans or
Programs
Month #1 (April1-30, 2012)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
0

Month #2
(May 1-31, 2012)
 
88,570

 
$
1.97

 
88,570

 
$
387,654

Month #3
(June 1-30, 2012)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total
 
88,570

 
$
1.97

 
88,570

 
$
387,654

        


Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
    
Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information
None.

Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibits:

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Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
 
 
31.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
31.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
32.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
 
101.INS (1)
 
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
 
101.CAL (1)
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
 
101.SCH (1)
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.LAB (1)
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.PRE (1)
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.DEF (1)
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
 
 
(1) Furnished with this report. In accordance with Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the information in these exhibits shall not be deemed to be "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to liability under that section, and shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except as expressly set forth by specific reference to such filing.

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SIGNATURES
In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
SmartPros Ltd.
 
 
 
 
 
(Registrant)
 
 
 
Date:
August 7, 2012
/s/ Allen S. Greene
 
 
 
 
 
Chief Executive Officer
 
 
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
 
Date:
August 7, 2012
/s/ Stanley P. Wirtheim
 
 
 
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
(Principal Financial Officer)


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